Francis Cugat Explained

Francis Cugat, also known as Francisco Coradal-Cougat[1] (May 24, 1893 – July 13, 1981),[2] was a painter and graphic designer whose most famous work was Celestial Eyes, the original 1925 dust jacket for The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald.[3] From the mid-1940s he was a Technicolor consultant on more than 60 Hollywood films.

Biography

Francis Cugat was born in Barcelona in 1893, an older brother of Xavier Cugat.[4] The Cugat family emigrated to Cuba in 1903.[5] Cugat studied at the academy at Rheims, and then in Paris at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. He became known as a portrait painter in France, South America, and Cuba before coming to the United States.[6]

Between 1915 and 1918, Cugat created distinctive, stylized theatre cards for several opera personalities including Lucien Muratore, Rosa Raisa and Giacomo Rimini.[7] These visually dramatic posters were the result of Cugat having been discovered by Cleofonte Campannini in Chicago. Cugat came to the general director of the opera asking for the commission to paint poster portraits of the Chicago Opera Association stars. He continued in this endeavor, painting Nellie Melba, as well.[8]

Cugat's earliest film work includes Robert Z. Leonard's now-lost 1922 film Fascination, for which he was retained to assure the authenticity of the art direction. "It is one of the rules of theatrical presentation that none of the real-life incongruities of background will be reproduced in a picture", Leonard said. "So we have sought to make each bit of furniture, each painting on the walls, all of the household utensils, all of the café settings, and so on, thoroughly 'Spanish'. And Señor Cugat is authority for the fact that we have succeeded."[9] He designed sets for the Douglas Fairbanks motion pictures Don Q, Son of Zorro (1925)[10] and The Gaucho (1927).[11]

In the early 1920s Cugat continued his artistic career in New York City. Cugat moved to Hollywood in 1925.[12] For many years, Cugat was a designer in Hollywood for Douglas Fairbanks and had a 1942 show in New York, well after his famous work for The Great Gatsby. He was credited for technical work on 68 Hollywood films.[4] [13]

On November 28, 1922, in New York City, Cugat was married to the painter Ruth Wadler (b. New York), the sister of Lucille Lortel, founder of the White Barn Theatre.[14] [15] He died in Westport, Connecticut, on July 13, 1981, aged 88.[16]

Known work

External links

Notes and References

  1. New York Public Library; "Lucille Lortel Papers"
  2. U.S.Social Security Records
  3. Book: Critical companion to F. Scott Fitzgerald: a literary reference to his life and work . Tate . Mary Jo . . 2007 . 88 . 978-0-8160-6433-5 .
  4. http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/essays/eyes/eyes.html Article on dust jacket for The Great Gatsby.
  5. News: Bandleader Xavier Cugat, 'Rumba King,' Dies at 90 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151120081926/http://articles.latimes.com/1990-10-28/news/mn-4894_1_bandleader-xavier-cugat . November 20, 2015 . . live . August 23, 2019 .
  6. Theatre Magazine, Volume 27 edited by W. J. Thorold, Arthur Hornblow, Perriton Maxwell, Stewart Beach; 1918 p. 278 (a photo of the artist, as well as illustrations of his work, accompany this highly-informative article).
  7. Walter, Patrick, in an illustrated article about Cugat on postcard.com, December 2012
  8. Theatre Magazine, Volume 27 edited by W. J. Thorold, Arthur Hornblow, Perriton Maxwell, Stewart Beach; 1918.
  9. News: April 16, 1922 . Mae Murray Encounters a Spanish Film Censor . . August 22, 2019 .
  10. February 7, 1925 . Fairbanks at Work in New Picture . Exhibitors Trade Review . August 22, 2019 .
  11. Web site: Frances Cugat . . August 22, 2019 .
  12. Lucille Lortel: The Queen of Off Broadway By Alexis Greene; p. 43.
  13. Walker, Patrick
  14. American Women Modernists: The Legacy of Robert Henri, 1910-1945 By Marian Wardle, Sarah Burns; p. 191.
  15. Lucille Lortel: The Queen of Off Broadway By Alexis Greene; p.32.
  16. Lucille Lortel: The Queen of Off Broadway By Alexis Greene; p. 253.
  17. David Chase Gallery, item number 529, offered in June 2012.
  18. Offered by Keithsheridan.com in June 2012.
  19. artvalue.com
  20. Reproduced on liveaudtioneers.com in June 2012.
  21. Web site: Record Detail - OPAC Discovery. s10011.eos-intl.net. 2016-06-29.

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