Four Continents (French) Explained

Four Continents
Artist:Daniel Chester French and Adolph Alexander Weinman
Medium:Marble sculpture
Metric Unit:cm
Imperial Unit:in
City:New York City, New York, U.S.
Mapframe:yes
Mapframe-Zoom:13

Four Continents is the collective name of four sculptures by Daniel Chester French, installed outside the Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House at Bowling Green in Manhattan, New York City.[1] French performed the commissions with associate Adolph A. Weinman.[2]

Description and history

The work was made of marble[3] and sculpted by the Piccirilli Brothers,[4] [5] with each sculptural group costing $13,500 . The sculptures were first shown to the public in 1905. From east to west, the statues depict larger-than-life-size personifications of Asia, America, Europe, and Africa.[6] The primary figures are female, but there are also auxiliary human figures flanking each primary figure. In addition, Asia's figure is paired with a tiger, and Africa's figure is paired with a lion.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: March 5, 2018 . Keyes . Allison . Two Museum Directors Say It's Time to Tell the Unvarnished History of the U.S. . 2020-03-02 . Smithsonian Magazine . en.
  2. Web site: October 14, 1965 . United States Custom House . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161226200709/http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0020.pdf . December 26, 2016 . November 29, 2019 . New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. none.
    Web site: van Alfen. Peter. Monuments, Medals, and Metropolis, part I: Beaux Arts Architecture. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140112004346/http://ansmagazine.com/Summer03/Monuments. January 12, 2014. none. ; Book: Harris, J.. The New Art History: A Critical Introduction. Taylor & Francis. 2002. 978-1-134-58250-1. 269. April 14, 2020.
  3. News: April 30, 1905. For Four Marble Groups; Symbols of Continents for the Custom House by D.C. French Shown. en-US. The New York Times. April 16, 2020. 0362-4331.
  4. Web site: United States Custom House Interior. January 9, 1979. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. 4. March 24, 2020.
  5. News: November 13, 1905. Custom House Statues. 9. New-York Tribune. March 24, 2020. newspapers.com . none.
    News: Gray. Christopher. October 17, 1999. Streetscapes/The Piccirillis; Six Brothers Who Left Their Mark as Sculptors. en-US. The New York Times. live. April 17, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20190108005955/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/17/realestate/streetscapes-the-piccirillis-six-brothers-who-left-their-mark-as-sculptors.html. January 8, 2019. 0362-4331.
  6. 13.

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