| Fosciandora | |
| Official Name: | Comune di Fosciandora |
| Coordinates: | 44.1167°N 38°W |
| Region: | Tuscany |
| Province: | Lucca (LU) |
| Frazioni: | Ponte di Ceserana, Ceserana, La Villa, Lupinaia, Fosciandora, Migliano, Treppignana, Riana |
| Mayor: | Moreno Lunardi |
| Area Total Km2: | 19.8 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 554 |
| Population As Of: | 31 May 2023 |
| Population Demonym: | Fosciandorini |
| Elevation M: | 390 |
| Postal Code: | 55020 |
| Area Code: | 0583 |
Fosciandora (pronounced as /it/) is a comune (municipality) of 554 inhabitants[1] in the Province of Lucca in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70km (40miles) northwest of Florence and about 30km (20miles) north of Lucca.
Fosciandora borders the municipalities of Barga, Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, Gallicano, Pieve Fosciana and Pievepelago.
The territory of Fosciandora was annexed by the Republic of Lucca in the 13th century. After the House of Este took control of the Garfagnana region, which took place starting from 1429, Fosciandora was divided between two states. The so-called "three lands", or the centres of Treppignana, Riana and Lupinaia, remained under the jurisdiction of Lucca, forming part of the diocese of Gallicano, while the rest of the current municipality – with Ceserana as its capital – was absorbed into the Republic of Florence and subsequently, in 1451, to Borso d'Este, becoming part of the Duchy of Ferrara.[2]
At the end of the 18th century, the Garfagnana region came under the government of the Cispadane Republic which, on 3 March 1799, ordered that each of the three territories of Ceserana, Villa and Fosciandora should form a comune in their own right. A new law of March 1804 brought together these three small municipalities into a single one, which was given the name of the Comunità di Fosciandora.[3]
In 1847, with the entry into force of the Treaty of Florence, the territory of Fosciandora expanded to its current borders[4] and became a province of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio. This continued until 1859, and subsequently with the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy became part of the Kingdom of Italy.
In 1923 the entire district of Castelnuovo di Garfagnana (including Fosciandora) passed from the Province of Massa-Carrara to the Province of Lucca.
Garfagnana regional road 445 crosses the Fosciandora region, on which public bus services are operated by CTT Nord.
The comune is served by Fosciandora-Ceserana railway station on the Lucca–Aulla railway.