| Fort Tyson (1856) | |
| Settlement Type: | Fort |
| Mapsize: | 150px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Name1: | Arizona |
| Subdivision Name2: | La Paz |
| Established Title: | Incorporated |
| Coordinates: | 33.665°N -114.2208°W |
| Website: | Town of Quartzsite |
Fort Tyson was a privately owned fort built in 1856 by Charles Tyson in the area which is now called Quartzsite, Arizona. He built the fort to protect the local miners and water supply from the raids of the Yavapai (Mohave-Apache), a Native-American tribe. The area in which Fort Tyson was located has been known as Fort Tyson, Tyson’s Well and is now called the town of Quartzsite because of the large amount of quartz found in its surrounding areas.
Charles Tyson was an early settler who saw the mining potential of what in the future was to become the town of Quartzsite. In the early years of the American gold rush, pan handlers began to arrive in Arizona searching for the precious metal. Gold deposits were discovered in the desert mountains of Plomosa and Dome Rock in the area and a boom in the mining industry followed.[1] [2] [3] [4]
Many of the early pioneers and miners who settled the area arrived from California and other places in the United States and abroad. The water supply in the area became the target of the Native-Americans who belonged to the Yavapai tribe (a.k.a. as Mohave-Apache). They resented the arrival of the Anglo-European settlers on their land and raided the early settlements. Charles Tyson therefore, decided to build a fort to protect the settlers and the water supply. He built the fort which became known as Fort Tyson, in 1856. The settlement also became known as Fort Tyson after the fort.[3]
In 1864, Tyson dug a well, which according to the Quartzsite Historical Society, was dug by hand. Today there is a historical marker on the spot where the well was supposedly dug. Tyson then built a stage station in 1866, which originally served the stage coaches that traveled from the towns of Ehrenberg and Prescott. Prescott at the time was the capital city of the Arizona Territory. The California and Arizona Stage Company began transporting passengers which included prospectors, since gold had been discovered in the mines of Wickenburg and Prescott, and made stops at the station. The Wells Fargo express also stopped by the station en route to Ehrenberg and Wickenburg from California. Tyson’s Well Stage Station became a busy stage coach station since it was located on the famous Butterfield Overland Mail route between Prescott, Arizona and Riverside, California.[3]
Travel by railroad affected the commercial aspect of the area. The town fell under a complete state of abandonment when the stage lines stopped running in the area. However, there was a minor mining boom in 1897, which revitalized the town. That year the town was officially named Quartzsite and Tyson owned three stores, two saloons and a post office. Tyson’s Well stage station continued to provide rest and refreshment to travelers and freight drivers. However, the mining boom faded by 1900 and the town was once more abandoned and left with only 20 residents.[3]
The following gallery has the images of the remains of the original Fort Tyson, Tyson's Well stage station and a replica of the Oasis Hotel:
| width = 18% | Name | width = 8% class="unsortable" | Image | Year | width = 18% | Name | width = 8% class="unsortable" | Image | Year | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fort Tyson Ruins | 1856 | Fort Tyson Ruins | 1856 | ||||||||||||
| Fort Tyson Ruins | 1856 | Tyson's Well | 1864 | ||||||||||||
| Tyson's Well Stage Station | 1866 | Tyson's Well Stage Station | 1866 | ||||||||||||
| Watering well in Tyson's Stage Station | 1866 | Oasis Hotel Replica | 1900 | ||||||||||||
| Oasis Hotel Replica | 1900 | ||||||||||||||