Foreign relations of Sierra Leone explained

Sierra Leone maintains formal relations with many Western nations.[1] It also maintains diplomatic relations with the former Soviet Bloc countries as well as with the People's Republic of China.

The government maintains 16 embassies and high commissions around the world.[2]

Multilateral membership

Former President Stevens' government had sought closer relations with West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).[3] The present government is continuing this effort.

Sierra Leone is a member of the United Nations and its specialized agencies, the Commonwealth, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the African Development Bank (AFDB), the Mano River Union (MRU), the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).

Sierra Leone is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

Sierra Leone is a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Sierra Leone maintains diplomatic relations with:

CountryDate
1[4]
2[5]
3[6]
4[7]
5
6[8]
7
8
9
10
11
12
13[9]
14
15[10]
16
17
18
19[11]
20[12]
21
22[13]
23[14]
24[15]
25[16]
26[17]
27[18]
28[19]
29[20]
30[21]
31[22]
32[23]
33[24]
34[25]
35[26]
36[27]
37[28]
38
39[29]
40[30]
41[31]
42
43[32]
44[33]
45[34]
46
47
48
49[35]
50
51
52
53[36]
54[37]
55
56
57[38]
58[39]
59[40]
60[41]
61[42]
62[43]
63[44]
64
65[45]
66
67[46]
68
69[47]
70[48]
71[49]
72[50]
73[51]
74[52]
75[53]
76[54]
77[55]
78[56]
79[57]
80[58]
81[59]
82[60]
83[61]
84
85
86[62]
87[63]
88[64]
89
90[65]
91
92
—[66]
93[67]
94[68]
95[69]
96[70]
97
98
99
100
101
102
103[71]
104
105
106
107
108[72]
109
110
111[73]
112
113[74]
114[75]
115[76]
116[77]
117[78]
118[79]
119
120
121
122
123
124
125[80]
126
— (suspended)[81]
127
128[82]
129
—[83]
130[84]
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139[85]
140
141
142
143Unknown
144Unknown
—Unknown[86]
145Unknown[87]
146Unknown
147Unknown
148Unknown

Bilateral relations

CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
7 April 1972Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 April 1972 when Mr Zitouni Messaudi, the first Algerian Ambassador, presented his credentials to President Stevens[88]
1 November 2004Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 2004 when Ambassador of Sierra Leone, Alhaji Mohammed Bayoh, presented his credentials to Angola's President Jose Eduardo dos Santos.[89]
22 January 1976Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 1976 when has been accredited High Commissioner of Bangladesh to Sierra Leone Mr. M. Anwarul Haq.[90]
12 July 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1961 when M. G. Walravens was appointed as first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Belgium to Sierra Leone (with residence in Abidjan)[91]
2 March 2016Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 March 2016 when Ambassador of Sierra Leone (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Osman Keh Kamara presented his credentials to President of Burundi Pierre Nkurunziza.[92]
Canada27 April 1961See Canada–Sierra Leone relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961

China29 July 1971See China–Sierra Leone relations

China and Sierra Leone established diplomatic relations on July 29, 1971.[93]

22 January 1973Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 1973 when has been accredited Ambassador of Sierra Leone to Denmark (resident in London) Mr. Jacob Arthur Christian Davies.[94]
20 October 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 October 1961 when Mr. Abdoul Karim, Ambassador of Sierra Leone to Guinea presented his credentials to President Sekou Toure.[95]
28 January 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 January 1975 when has been accredited Ambassador of Guinea-Bissau to Sierra Leone Mr. Alexander Nunes Correia.
India28 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1961[96] See India–Sierra Leone relations
Indonesia15 November 1994
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1994[99]
  • Sierra Leone is accredited to Indonesia through its embassy in Beijing, China and is planning to open an embassy in Jakarta.
  • Indonesia is accredited to Sierra Leone, through its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.[100]
27 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations with the independence of Sierra Leone on 27 April 1961, the Israel consulate in Freetown became an embassy.[101] Sierra Leone broken diplomatic relations with Israel on 27 October 1973.[102] Diplomatic relations were re-established on 27 May 1992[103]
16 January 1979Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 January 1979[104]
27 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when Sierra Leone attained independence the Lebanese Ambassador to Liberia was also appointed Ambassador to Sierra Leone. The consulate was changed into an Embassy and Mr. Hazou became Charge d'Affaires.[105]
22 October 1968Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1968 when first High Commissioner of Lesotho to Sierra Leone Mr. C. D. Molapo has presented his credentials to Governor General Mr. Justice Banja Tejan-Sie[106]
Liberia8 June 1962See Liberia–Sierra Leone relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 8 June 1962 when has been appointed first ambassador of Liberia to Sierra Leone Mr. Henry B. Fahnbulleh.[107]
5 November 1966Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1966 when Dr. Rakoto-Ratsimamanga, the first Malagasy Ambassador to Sierra Leone with residence in Paris, presented his credentials.[110]
21 October 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 October 1971 when first Ambassador of Mauritania to Sierra Leone, Mr. Dey Ould Brahim, has presented his credentials to President Stevens[111]
Mexico30 June 1976Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 1976[112]
  • Mexico is accredited to Sierra Leone from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.[113]
  • Sierra Leone does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
18 September 2002Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 September 2002 when has been accredited High Commissioner of Sierra Leone to Namibia (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Melvin Humpah Chalobah.[114]
27 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when was appointed first Nigerian High Commissioner to Sierra Leone Mr A.B. Oyediran[115]
Spain6 March 1964See Sierra Leone–Spain relations
3 November 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1971 when Tanzania's High Commissioner to Sierra Leone, Mr. Frederick Rutakyanirwa, presented his credentials to President Stevens.[116]
17 July 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 July 1975 when accredited first High Commissioner of Trinidad and Tobago to Sierra Leone (resident in Lagos) Mr. J.S.Donaldson[117]
Turkey15 February 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 February 1971[118]
  • Sierra Leone has an embassy in Ankara.[119]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Freetown.
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 53.4 million USD in 2019.
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Freetown.
10 September 1973Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1973 when Brigadier Shaban Opolot, Uganda's first ambassador to Sierra Leone, has presented his credentials to President Stevens.[120]
27 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when accredited first High Commissioner of United Kingdom to Sierra Leone Mr. John Baines Johnston[121]
United States27 April 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961[122] See Sierra Leone–United States relations

U.S. relations with Sierra Leone began with missionary activities in the 19th century. In 1959, the U.S. opened a consulate in Freetown and elevated it to embassy status when Sierra Leone became independent in 1961. U.S.-Sierra Leone relations today are cordial, with ethnic ties between groups in the two countries receiving increasing historical interest. Many thousands of Sierra Leoneans reside in the United States.

In fiscal year 2006, total U.S. bilateral aid to Sierra Leone in all categories were $29.538 million. U.S. assistance focused on the consolidation of peace, democracy and human rights, health education, particularly combating HIV/AIDS, and human resources development.

Currently, the Principal U.S. Official in Sierra Leone is Chargé d'Affaires Glenn Fedzer [123] Sierra Leone's Ambassador to the U.S. is H. E. Bockari Kortu Stevens and the Sierra Leone embassy is located in Washington.[124]

19 February 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1971 when first High Commissioner of Zambia Mr. Siteke G. Mwale presented his credentials to the Governor General of Sierra Leone Sir Banja Tejan-Sie[125]

International disputes

Large UN peacekeeping presence ended civil war, however rebel gang fighting, ethnic rivalries, illegal diamond trading, corruption, and refugees spill over into neighboring states that are beset with their own civil disorders, refugees, and violence.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Foreign Embassies and Consulates in Sierra Leone . 2010-07-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100304163354/http://www.embassiesabroad.com/embassies-in/SierraLeone . 2010-03-04 . dead .
  2. Web site: Sierra Leone Diplomatic and Consular Missions Abroad. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20100514125726/http://www.visitsierraleone.org/Visiting-Sierra-Leone/Before-you-travel/Sierra-Leone-Diplomatic-and-Consular-Missions-Abroad.html. 2010-05-14. 2010-07-08.
  3. Web site: Foreign policy - Sierra Leone - issues.
  4. Web site: A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019 . 13 February 2024 . Canadian Global Affairs Institute.
  5. Web site: Egypt and Sierra Leone . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20230330220022/https://www.sis.gov.eg/section/96/1281?lang=en-us . 30 March 2023 . 24 October 2023 . State Information Service Egypt.
  6. Web site: Liste chronologique des ambassadeurs, envoyes extraordinaires, ministres plenipotentiaires et charges d'affaires de France a l'etranger depuis 1945 . 3 May 2023 . diplomatie.gouv.fr . fr.
  7. Book: Commonwealth Papers . University of London. Institute of Commonwealth Studies . 1974 . 76.
  8. Web site: Japan-Sierra Leone Relations . 13 February 2024 . Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
  9. Web site: The Sierra Leone - German Connection 1787 - 1987 An Overview . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20230501224244/https://freetown.diplo.de/blob/2484968/d5141c00abbf27631ce783ed9c0d8c6c/the-sierra-leone---german-connection-1787---1987-klein-data.pdf . 1 May 2023 . 13 February 2024 . 17.
  10. Book: Les Élites africaines Volume 2 . Édiafric . 1972 . 93 . fr . COFFI Pierre C. Ivoire Ambassadeur des Etats du Conseil de l'Entente au Libéria et en Sierra- Leone (1961-1969) ;.
  11. Book: George Ginsberg, Robert M. Slusser . A Calendar of Soviet Treaties: 1958-1973 . Springer Netherlands . 1981 . 165.
  12. Book: Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 69-72 . Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken . 1961 . 99 . nl.
  13. Web site: Sierra Leone . 13 February 2024 . Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea.
  14. Book: Cahiers de l'Institut d'études de l'Orient contemporain Volumes 48-50 . G. P. Maisonneuve . 1962 . 267 . fr.
  15. Web site: Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005) . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20230910133459/http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:cP-cyJ34R9EJ:filip-nikolov.com/files/%25D0%2597%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%2520%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%2520%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2588%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F.doc&cd=15&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ua . 10 September 2023 . 13 February 2024 . bg.
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  21. Book: Staats-kalender der Schweizerischen eidgenossenschaft Annuaire de la Confédération suisse. Annuario della Confederazione svizzera . Switzerland. Bundeskanzlei, Switzerland. Militärdepartment . 1962 . 56 . de.
  22. Web site: Pavol Petruf . 2007 . Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992 . 2 October 2023 . 107 . sk.
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  24. Book: Overseas Review . Barclays Bank (Dominion, Colonial, and Overseas) . 1963 . 58 . ... The Ministry of External Affairs announces that the Government of Morocco and Sierra Leone have agreed to establish diplomatic relations at Ambassadorial level ..
  25. Book: The Commonwealth Relations Office Year Book Volume 12 . Great Britain. Office of Commonwealth Relations . 1963 . 350 . 13 February 2024.
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  38. Web site: Cria a Embaixada do Brasil na República de Serra Leoa. DECRETO Nº 74.388, DE 9 DE AGOSTO DE 1974 . 2 October 2023 . PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO . pt.
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  40. Web site: Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160307101008/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/docs/other/diplomatic_relations_list.pdf . 7 March 2016 . 13 February 2024 . minfor.gov.gy.
  41. Book: West Africa - Volume 29, Part 1 . Afrimedia International . 1975 . 85.
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  45. Book: ARR Arab Report and Record . Economic Features, Limited . 1975 . 636.
  46. Book: Mozambique establishes diplomatic relations with Cape Verde and Sierra Leone . State Deptment cable1976-217001 . 1976 . 23 July 2023.
  47. Book: Daily Report: Eastern Europe - Volume 76, Issues 159-170 - Page 21 . Foreign Broadcast Information Service . 1976.
  48. Book: Cameroon News . Service de presse et d'information de l'Ambassade du Cameroun . 1976 . 17 . 18 April 2023.
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  50. Web site: The Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the Republic of Sierra Leone established diplomatic relations on 24th June 1978 . 18 April 2023 . Twitter account of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.
  51. Book: FBIS Daily Report--Sub-Saharan Africa . United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service . 1979 . 4 . 27 December 2023.
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  53. Web site: 28 November 2015 . Kuwait: Sierra Leone Embassy calls for investigation of housemaid issue . 2 October 2023 . The Patriotic Vanguard.
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  62. Web site: 29 Octubre Tal día como hoy hace 31 años Venezuela junto a Sierra Leona establecieron sus lazos diplomáticos . 9 June 2023 . Cancillería Venezuela . es.
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