Foreign relations of São Tomé and Príncipe explained

Until independence in 1975, São Tomé and Príncipe had few ties abroad except those that passed through Portugal. Following independence, the new government sought to expand its diplomatic relationships. A common language, tradition, and colonial legacy have led to close collaboration between São Tomé and other ex-Portuguese colonies in Africa, particularly Angola. São Toméan relations with other African countries in the region, such as Gabon and the Republic of the Congo, are also good. In December 2000, São Tomé signed the African Union treaty; it was later ratified by the National Assembly.

The São Toméan government has generally maintained a foreign policy based on nonalignment and cooperation with any country willing to assist in its economic development. In recent years, it has also increasingly emphasized ties to the United States and western Europe.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which São Tomé and Príncipe maintains diplomatic relations with:

CountryDate
1 China[1]
2 Germany[2]
3 Portugal[3]
4 Romania[4]
5 Cameroon[5]
6 Japan[6]
7[7]
8[8]
9 France[9]
10 United States[10]
11 Czech Republic[11]
12 Mongolia[12]
13 Argentina[13]
14 Nigeria[14]
15 Brazil[15]
16 Gabon
17 India[16]
18[17]
19 Cuba[18]
20 Hungary[19]
21[20]
22 Libya[21] [22]
23[23]
24 Angola[24]
25 Poland[25]
26 Canada[26]
27 Morocco[27]
28 Algeria[28]
29 Serbia[29]
30 Finland
31 Albania[30]
32 Grenada
33 United Kingdom[31]
34 Bulgaria
35 Kuwait
36 Jamaica
37 Mozambique[32]
38[33]
39 Spain[34]
—[35]
40 Switzerland[36]
41 Greece
42 Seychelles
43 Belgium[37]
44 Tunisia[38]
45 Thailand[39]
46
47 Zambia[40]
48 Colombia
49[41]
50 Italy[42]
51 Peru
52 Chile[43]
53 Mexico
54 Uruguay[44]
55 Slovakia[45]
56 Austria
57 Croatia[46]
58 Israel[47]
59 South Africa[48]
60 Latvia[49]
— (severed)
61 Singapore[50]
62 Oman
63 United Arab Emirates
64 Bahrain[51]
65 Ukraine
66
67 Cyprus
68 Philippines
69 Bosnia and Herzegovina
70 Belarus
71 Mauritius
72 Lithuania
73[52]
74 Iceland
75[53]
76 Estonia[54]
77 Andorra[55]
78 Australia
79 Indonesia[56]
80 Mauritania[57]
81 Luxembourg[58]
82 Slovenia
83 Georgia[59]
84 Kazakhstan
85 Rwanda[60]
86 Sudan[61]
87 Cape Verde[62]
88 Namibia[63]
89 Dominican Republic[64]
90 Malta
91 Tajikistan
92 Azerbaijan
93 Saint Kitts and Nevis
94 Norway[65]
95 Burkina Faso[66]
96 Benin[67]
97 Denmark[68]
98 Qatar[69]
99 Chad[70]
100
101 Maldives
102 Zimbabwe[71]
103 Saudi Arabia[72]
104 Burundi[73]
105 Paraguay
106Unknown[74]
107Unknown[75]
108 Equatorial GuineaUnknown[76]
109 GhanaUnknown[77]
110 GuineaUnknown[78]
111 Guinea-BissauUnknown[79]
112 KenyaUnknown[80]
113 MalaysiaUnknown[81]
114 NetherlandsUnknown[82]
115 NicaraguaUnknown[83]
116 PakistanUnknown[84]

Bilateral relations

CountryFormal relations beganNotes
7 January 1979Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1979 when has been accredited Ambassador of Algeria to São Tomé and Príncipe (resident in Luanda) Mr. Noureddine Harbi.
Angola19 February 1978Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1978
  • Angola has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Luanda.
Australia8 July 2009Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 2009[85]
  • Australia is represented in São Tomé and Príncipe from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.[86]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is represented in Australia by from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.
20 February 2019Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 2019 when Ambassador of Benin, Paulete  Adjovi presented his credentials to the President of São Tomé and Príncipe, Evaristo Carvalho.
Brazil12 July 1975See Brazil–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1975.[87] Both countries are full members of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.

  • Brazil has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is accredited to Brazil from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, United States.
19 February 2019Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 2019 when Ambassador of Burkina Faso to Sao Tome and Principe, Saïdou Zongo presented his credentials.[88]
13 June 2023Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 June 2023 when first Ambassador of Burundi to São Tomé and Príncipe Mr. Mwamba Ntirampeba presented his credentials to President Carlos Manuel Vila Nova.
São Tomé and Príncipe maintains an embassy in Praia, Cape Verde.[89]
China12 July 1975, severed diplomatic relations 6 May 1997, Restored 26 December 2016See China–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

Prior to independence, the People's Republic of China (PRC) supported the country's indigenous movement for independence against the Portuguese Empire and the relationship continued after independence. Official diplomatic relation was established with the PRC upon independence on 12 July 1975. In 1975 and 1983, the country's first president, Manuel Pinto da Costa, visited the PRC. On 6 May 1997, São Tomé and Príncipe switched diplomatic relation from PRC to Republic of China (ROC).[90] On 15 November 2013, an unofficial PRC trade mission office was established in São Tomé and Príncipe to facilitate the non-political commercial ties with the PRC.[91] However, in June 2014, President Manuel Pinto da Costa made a private visit to Shanghai in Mainland China for a non-political mission.[92]

São Tomé and Príncipe had been speaking at the United Nations General Assembly for ROC meaningful participation in international organizations. While on the other side, ROC has provided various aids to the country for the development in their infrastructure and social system.[93]

São Tomé and Príncipe severed relations with ROC on 20 December 2016, leaving Burkina Faso and Swaziland as the only two remaining African nations retaining formal relations with the ROC,[94] when the ROC government reportedly turned down a São Toméan request for $210 million in financial assistance.[95] Diplomatic relations between PRC and São Tomé and Príncipe resumed on 26 December 2016.[96]

EgyptMarch 1976
  • Egypt is represented in São Tomé and Príncipe by its embassy in Luanda, Angola.[97]
  • Both countries are full members of the African Union.
Sao Tome and Principe has an embassy in Libreville, Gabon[98]
India14 August 1975See India–São Tomé and Príncipe relations
  • India has an embassy in São Tomé.[99]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an honorary consulate in New Delhi.
Italy24 December 1988Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 December 1988 when Italian ambassador Francesco Lanata presented his credentials to Sao Tome and Principe.[100]
4 August 2013Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 August 2013 when Ambassador of Mauritania With residence in Abuja, Nigeria Mr. Ba Abderrahmane, presented his letters of credentials to President of São Tomé and Príncipe Manuel Pinto da Costa.
Mozambique1981
  • Mozambique is accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe from its embassy in Luanda, Angola and maintains an honorary consulate in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is accredited to Mozambique from its embassy in Luanda, Angola and maintains an honorary consulate in Maputo.[101]
14 September 2018Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 2018 when Ambassador of São Tomé and Príncipe Mr. Carlos Gustavo dos Anjos, presented his credentials to President of Namibia Hage G. Geingob.
Portugal12 July 1975See Portugal–São Tomé and Príncipe relationsBoth countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1975.
  • Portugal has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Lisbon.
Serbia2 February 1979
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 February 1979[102]
  • Both countries have a number of bilateral agreements.[103]
South Africa10 May 1994
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 May 1994.[104]
  • Both countries are full members of the African Union.
20 August 1988Establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and São Tomé and Príncipe was August 20, 1988. In 2001 Bilateral Trade were Exports $74,479 Imports $40,381.[105]
Spain26 February 1982Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1982 when appointed first Ambassador of Spain in São Tomé and Príncipe (resident in Luanda) Mr. Manuel Piñeiro Souto[106]
Turkey12 July 1975[107]
  • Embassy of São Tomé and Príncipe in Lisbon is accredited to Turkey.[108]
  • The Turkish Embassy in Libreville is accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe.
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 2.3 million USD in 2019.
3 December 1979Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 December 1979 when the first Ambassador of the United Kingdom to São Tomé and Príncipe, Mr. Christopher D. S. MacRae was appointed.[109]
United States12 July 1975See São Tomé and Príncipe–United States relations

With the development of São Tomé's oil reserves, American diplomatic and military relations are becoming closer. In February 2005, the US Navy's entered West African waters near São Tomé to provide security assistance and training to the local security services.

31 August 1987Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1987 when Mr. J. Jose Da Costa has been accredited as Ambassador of São Tomé and Príncipe to Zambia (resident in Luanda).
15 June 2022Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 2022 when Ambassador of Zimbabwe Mr. Maxwell Ranga, presented his credentials to President of São Tomé and Príncipe Carlos Vila Nova.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: China and Sao Tome and Principe Resume Diplomatic Relations.
  2. Web site: Länder . 23 July 2023 . de.
  3. Web site: São Tomé e Príncipe - Titulares . 16 July 2023 . portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt . pt.
  4. Web site: Diplomatic Relations of Romania . 29 December 2018 . mae.ro.
  5. Web site: Etat des lieux des relations politiques et diplomatiques entre les Etats membres de la CEEAC . 22 April 2023 . 64-65 . fr.
  6. Web site: Japan-Sao Tome and Principe (Basic Data). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 29 December 2018.
  7. Web site: The DPRK and Diplomatic Relations with other Countries . 29 July 2023 . ncnk.org.
  8. Web site: On August 9, 1975, Diplomatic relations with Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe were established . 29 July 2023 . MFA Russia.
  9. Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945 . fr .
  10. Web site: All Countries . 12 November 2021 . Office of the Historian.
  11. Book: Petruf, Pavol . Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992 . 99–119 . sk.
  12. Web site: List of Countries Maintaining Diplomatic Relations with Mongolia . 21 December 2021 . 3 . 28 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220928021439/http://www.mfa.gov.mn/old/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/diplist-2020-draft-20200729.pdf . dead .
  13. Web site: Declaración relativa al Establecimiento de Relaciones Diplomáticas entre el Gobierno de la República Argentina y el Gobierno de Santo Tomé y Príncipe . 29 July 2023 . Biblioteca Digital de Tratados . es.
  14. Book: Nigeria: Bulletin on Foreign Affairs, Volume 5. Nigerian Institute of International Affairs. 1975. Page 7.
  15. Web site: A política externa brasileira para São Tomé e Príncipe: O teor político da cooperação Sul-Sul. 30 November 2021 .
  16. Web site: Brief on India-Sao Tome & Principe Bilateral Relations . 3 January 2024 . mea.gov.in.
  17. Web site: Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1977. Выпуск двадцать первый. Часть II - Зарубежные страны: Австралия-Лихтенштейн . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20230624030309/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/52693/04_chast_ii_-_avstraliya-lihtenshteyn.pdf . 24 June 2023 . 27 February 2024 . 259 . ru.
  18. Web site: 11 May 2020 . Llega a Sao Tomé y Príncipe epidemiólogo cubano para apoyar la lucha contra el Covid-19 . 29 July 2023 . misiones.cubaminrex.cu . es . 29 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220129021342/http://misiones.minrex.gob.cu/es/articulo/llega-sao-tome-y-principe-epidemiologo-cubano-para-apoyar-la-lucha-contra-el-covid-19 . dead .
  19. Book: Daily Report: Eastern Europe, Volume 76, Issues 211-221. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1976. 38.
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  23. Web site: Sveriges statskalender / 1978 / Sao Tome och Principe . 13 March 2024 . 454 . sv.
  24. Web site: Relação Diplomática em São Tomé e Príncipe (MFA Angola).
  25. Web site: Demokratyczna Republika Wysp Św. Tomasza i Książęcej . 29 July 2023 . gov.pl . pl.
  26. Web site: A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019 . 29 July 2023 . Canadian Global Affairs Institute.
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  28. Book: Slimane Chikh . Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne . Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique . 1980 . 10 . fr.
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  34. Web site: Real Decreto 417/1982, de 26 de febrero, por el que se designa Embajador de España en Santo Tomé y Príncipe a don Manuel Piñeiro Souto, con residencia en Luanda . 29 June 2023 . boe.es . es.
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  36. Web site: Entretien avec C. da Costa PM de Sao Tomé-et-Principe, Genève le 7.3.1989 . 19 May 2023 . dodis.ch . fr.
  37. Web site: Guilherme Posser da Costa . 11 January 2024.
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  44. Web site: 2019 . Anexo 6: Tabla de fechas de establecimiento de relaciones diplomaticas entre Uruguay y paises africanos. . 29 July 2023 . 235 . es.
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  46. Web site: Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations . 29 July 2023 . mvep.gov.hr.
  47. Web site: Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relations. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130613000509/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/abouttheministry/pages/israel-s%20diplomatic%20missions%20abroad.aspx. 2013-06-13.
  48. Web site: Transition (1990 - 1994) - Chronologies: 1994 . 16 July 2023 . omalley.nelsonmandela.org.
  49. Web site: 1 July 2021 . Dates of Establishment and Renewal of Diplomatic Relations . 29 July 2023 . mfa.gov.lv.
  50. Web site: 2 July 2015 . Diplomatic & Consular List . 29 July 2023 . Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore.
  51. Web site: Bilateral Relations . 29 July 2023 . mofa.gov.bh.
  52. Web site: Venezuela conmemora 15 años del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas con Santo Tomé y Príncipe . 29 July 2023 . Cancillería Venezuela . es.
  53. News: 1 Jun 2021 . Revolutionary Iran's Africa Policy . 13 February 2024.
  54. Web site: 20 May 2009 . Estonia Established Diplomatic Relations with São Tomé and Príncipe . 29 July 2023 . Republic of Estonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
  55. Web site: Bilateral Affairs. www.exteriors.ad. 29 December 2018.
  56. Web site: Diplomasi Indonesia 2014 . 29 July 2023 . 93 . id . 11 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230411132503/https://perpustakaan.setneg.go.id/repository/Diploind2014.pdf . dead .
  57. Web site: 4 August 2013 . L'ambassadeur mauritanien à Sao Tomé présente ses lettres de créance . 30 July 2023 . Agence Mauritanienne d'information . fr.
  58. Web site: 2014 . Corps diplomatique accredité à Luxembourg - 2014 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141119075906/http://www.mae.lu/content/download/42124/342795/version/1/file/Annuaire+diplomatique+(02+07+2014).pdf . 19 November 2014 . 14 August 2023 . 68 . fr.
  59. Web site: ოქმი დიპლომატიური და საკონსულო ურთიერთობების დამყარების შესახებ საქართველოსა და სან ტომე და პრინსიპის დემოკრატიულ რესპუბლიკას შორის . 29 July 2023 . matsne.gov.ge . ka.
  60. News: 11 January 2017 . [PHOTOS]

    Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe to strengthen cooperation ]

    . 4 July 2023.
  61. News: 20 April 2018 . Presidente são-tomense acredita novos embaixadores dos EUA, Reino Unido e do Sudão . 9 February 2024 . pt.
  62. News: 28 August 2018 . A (re) presentação da disporá São-tomense em Cabo Verde: O renascer da esperança . 11 February 2024 . pt.
  63. Web site: September 14, 2018 . Today, the following Ambassadors presented their letters of credentials to President Hage G. Geingob at State House . 29 July 2023 . Namibian Presidency.
  64. Web site: República Dominicana firma relaciones diplomáticas con Senegal y Santo Tomé Príncipe . 29 July 2023 . Diario Libre . es.
  65. News: 25 January 2019 . Offisielt frå statsrådet 25. januar 2019 . 25 July 2022 .
  66. Web site: March 5, 2019 . L'Ambassadeur Saïdou Zongo a présenté ses Lettres de créance à Son Excellence Monsieur Evaristo do Espirito Santo Carvalho, Président de la République Démocratique de São Tomé et Príncipe le jeudi 21 février 2019. . 15 August 2023 . Ministère des Affaires Etrangères du Burkina Faso . fr.
  67. Web site: February 20, 2019 . Presidente acredita novos embaixadores da Espanha, Dinamarca, Checa, Benim, Canada e Coreia do Norte . 5 August 2023 . Agencia STP-Press . pt.
  68. News: 29 May 2022 . Embaixador da Dinamarca apresenta carta credenciais ao Presidente Jorge Carlos Fonseca . 24 July 2022 . pt . 7 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230407001114/https://inforpress.cv/embaixador-da-dinamarca-apresenta-carta-credencias-ao-presidente-jorge-carlos-fonseca/ . dead .
  69. Web site: 4 May 2021 . Qatar, Sao Tome and Principe Establish Diplomatic Relations . 29 July 2023 . Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
  70. News: 3 March 2022 . Presidente de São Tomé e Príncipe acredita novos embaixadores da Costa do Marfim, Tchade e Alemanha . 9 February 2024 . pt.
  71. Web site: 15 June 2022 . Presidente República acredita novos embaixadores da Sérvia, França, Guiné-Bissau e Zimbabwe . 29 July 2023 . Agencia STP-Press . pt.
  72. Web site: 9 June 2023 . São Tomé e Príncipe e o Reino da Arábia Saudita iniciaram formalmente as Relações Diplomáticas . 29 July 2023 . Embaixada da Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe na Republica de Cabo Verde . pt.
  73. Web site: L'Ambassadeur du Burundi en Republique Democratique de Sao Tome et Principe presente ses lettres de creance . 22 June 2023 . mae.gov.bi . fr.
  74. News: 13 May 2023 . Coopération : le Congo et Sao Tomé-et-Principe vont raffermir leurs relations . fr.
  75. Web site: Prime Minister on Official Visit to Togo on Working Visit to Portugal, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe, Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde . 22 October 2023 . es.
  76. News: 17 August 2017 . Tres nuevos embajadores presentan sus credenciales ante el Presidente de la República . 22 October 2023 . es.
  77. News: 24 October 2021 . Ayorkor Botchwey calls for strengthening of Ghana-São Tomé and Príncipe relation . 22 October 2023.
  78. Web site: Ambassades . 29 July 2024 . fr.
  79. News: 15 June 2022 . Presidente República acredita novos embaixadores da Sérvia, França, Guiné-Bissau e Zimbabwe . 22 October 2023 . pt.
  80. News: October 2011 . Working Breakfast with Ambassadors accredited to Kenya . 22 October 2023.
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  92. Web site: Sao Tome leader's China visit not political: MOFA . Taipei Times . 2014-06-02 . 2014-06-09.
  93. Web site: Premier Jiang hails staunch Taiwan-Sao Tome relations . The China Post . 2013-11-19 . 2014-06-09.
  94. News: Blanchard. Ben. China welcomes Sao Tome decision to ditch Taiwan ties. 21 December 2016. Reuters. 21 December 2016.
  95. Web site: After losing Sao Tome, Taiwan to review aid to other allies - Politics - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS. focustaiwan.tw. 29 December 2018.
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  98. News: 4 October 2017 . Ali Bongo reçoit les lettres de créances de cinq nouveaux ambassadeurs . fr . 22 October 2023.
  99. https://www.eoisaotome.gov.in Embassy of India in São Tomé
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