Folate receptor explained

Folate receptors bind folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of tetrahydrofolate to the interior of cells.[1] It is then converted from monoglutamate to polyglutamate forms - such as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate - as only monoglutamate forms can be transported across cell membranes. Polyglutamate forms are biologically active enzymatic cofactors required for many folate-dependent processes such as folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. These proteins are attached to the membrane by a GPI anchor.[2] A riboflavin-binding protein required for the transport of riboflavin to the developing oocyte in chicken also belong to this family.

Human proteins from this family include:

Notes and References

  1. Wibowo AS, Singh M, Reeder KM, Carter JJ, Kovach AR, Meng W, Ratnam M, Zhang F, Dann CE . 6 . Structures of human folate receptors reveal biological trafficking states and diversity in folate and antifolate recognition . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 110 . 38 . 15180–8 . September 2013 . 23934049 . 3780903 . 10.1073/pnas.1308827110 . 2013PNAS..11015180W . free .
  2. Antony AC . Folate receptors . Annual Review of Nutrition . 16 . 501–21 . 1996 . 8839936 . 10.1146/annurev.nu.16.070196.002441 .