Fluocinolone acetonide explained

Fluocinolone acetonide is a fluorinated corticosteroid primarily used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching. It is a synthetic hydrocortisone derivative. The fluorine substitution at position 9 in the steroid nucleus greatly enhances its activity. It was first synthesized in 1959 in the Research Department of Syntex Laboratories S.A. Mexico City.[1] Preparations containing it were first marketed under the brand name Synalar.

Fluocinolone acetonide was also found to strongly potentiate TGF-β-associated chondrogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, by increasing the levels of collagen type II by more than 100 fold compared to the widely used dexamethasone.[2]

Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implants have been used to treat non-infectious uveitis. A systematic review could not determine with any confidence whether fluocinolone acetonide implants are superior to standard of care treatment for uveitis.[3] A fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant with the brand name Iluvien is sold by biopharmaceutical company Alimera Sciences to treat diabetic macular edema.[4]

It was approved for medical use in 1961.[5]

Classification

Fluocinolone is a group V (0.025%) or group VI (0.01%) corticosteroid under US classification.

Brand names

Fluocinolone acetonide is available under the brand names Flucort-N, Iluvien, Synalar, Yutiq,[6] and others.[7] [8]

Notes and References

  1. Mills JS, Bowers A, Djerassi C, Ringold HJ . Steroids CXXXVII. Synthesis of a New Class of Potent Cortical Hormones. 6α,9α-Difluoro-16α-Hydroxyprednisolone and its Acetonide . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 80 . 3399–3404 . 1960 . 13 . 10.1021/ja01498a041 .
  2. Hara ES, Ono M, Pham HT, Sonoyama W, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Matsumoto T, Young MF, Olsen BR, Kuboki T . 6 . Fluocinolone Acetonide Is a Potent Synergistic Factor of TGF-β3-Associated Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Surface Regeneration . Journal of Bone and Mineral Research . 30 . 9 . 1585–1596 . September 2015 . 25753754 . 5569386 . 10.1002/jbmr.2502 .
  3. Reddy A, Liu SH, Brady CJ, Sieving PC, Palestine AG . Corticosteroid implants for chronic non-infectious uveitis . The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . 2023 . 8 . CD010469 . August 2023 . 37642198 . 10464657 . 10.1002/14651858.CD010469.pub4 . August 29, 2024 .
  4. Web site: Real-world study shows long-term safety, efficacy of Iluvien in DME . Healio . 2020-07-02 . 2020-10-28.
  5. Book: Tables of Structural and Functional Analogues: Systemic Hormonal Preparations . Fischer J, Ganellin CR . Analogue-based Drug Discovery . 2006 . John Wiley & Sons . 9783527607495 . 485 . https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA485 . en.
  6. Web site: Yutiq- fluocinolone acetonide implant . DailyMed . 16 October 2023 . 25 December 2023.
  7. Web site: Fluocinolone (Topical) Monograph for Professionals . Drugs.com . 19 January 2024 . 7 July 2024.
  8. Web site: Fluocinolone ophthalmic implant Uses, Side Effects & Warnings . Drugs.com . 6 October 2023 . 7 July 2024.

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