Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductases explained

Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductases^[1] catalyse the interchange of reducing equivalents between one-electron carriers and the two-electron-carrying nicotinamide dinucleotides. The enzymes include ferredoxin-NADP+ reductases,^[2] plant and fungal NAD(P)H:nitrate reductases,^[3] cytochrome b5 reductases,^[4] cytochrome P450 reductases,^[5] sulphite reductases,^[6] nitric oxide synthases,^[7] phthalate dioxygenase reductase,^[8] and various other flavoproteins.

Human proteins containing this domain

MTRR

NDOR1; NOS1; NOS2A; NOS3; NR1; POR;

Notes and References

1. Hyde GE, Crawford NM, Campbell WH . The sequence of squash NADH:nitrate reductase and its relationship to the sequences of other flavoprotein oxidoreductases. A family of flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductases . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 35 . 23542–23547 . 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54316-7 . 1748631 . free .
2. Karplus PA, Bruns CM . Structure-function relations for ferredoxin reductase . J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. . 26 . 1 . 89–99 . 1994 . 8027025 . 10.1007/BF00763221. 1004663 .
3. Siverio JM . Assimilation of nitrate by yeasts . FEMS Microbiol. Rev. . 26 . 3 . 277–284 . 2002 . 12165428 . 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00615.x. free .
4. Iwanaga S, Miyata T, Yubisui T, Tamura M, Takeshita M . Complete amino acid sequence of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase purified from human erythrocytes . J. Biochem. . 99 . 2 . 407–422 . 1986 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135495 . 3700359.
5. Porter TD . An unusual yet strongly conserved flavoprotein reductase in bacteria and mammals . Trends Biochem. Sci. . 16 . 4 . 154–158 . 1991 . 1908607 . 10.1016/0968-0004(91)90059-5. 2027.42/29563 . free .
6. Siegel LM, Ostrowski J, Rueger DC, Miller BE, Kredich NM, Barber MJ . Characterization of the flavoprotein moieties of NADPH-sulfite reductase from Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Physicochemical and catalytic properties, amino acid sequence deduced from DNA sequence of cysJ, and comparison with NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase . J. Biol. Chem. . 264 . 27 . 15796–15808 . 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)71547-0 . 2550423 . free .
7. Snyder SH, Reed RR, Bredt DS, Hwang PM, Glatt CE, Lowenstein C . Cloned and expressed nitric oxide synthase structurally resembles cytochrome P-450 reductase . Nature . 351 . 6329 . 714–718 . 1991 . 1712077 . 10.1038/351714a0. 1991Natur.351..714B . 4356844 .
8. Karplus PA, Bruns CM, Correll CC, Ludwig ML . Structural prototypes for an extended family of flavoprotein reductases: comparison of phthalate dioxygenase reductase with ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin . Protein Sci. . 2 . 12 . 2112–2133 . 1993 . 8298460 . 10.1002/pro.5560021212 . 2142325.