List of Burmese flags explained

This is a list of flags used in Myanmar (also known as Burma).

State/Union Flag

FlagDateUseDescription
21 October 2010[1] State Flag[2] of Republic of the Union of Myanmar, also called the Union Flag[3] A horizontal triband of yellow, green and red; charged with a large white five-pointed star at the centre
Variants
border|150pxVertical[4]

Flags of administrative divisions

States

FlagDateUseDescription
1986[5] Flag of Chin StateHornbill on a branch within a white circle surrounded by 9 white stars atop a blue-red-green horizontal triband
2010Flag of Kachin StateBlue circle with white mountains defaced with Manaw poles on a green field
2010Flag of Kayah StateA Kinnara centred on a red-blue-green horizontal triband
Flag of Kayin StateBlue-white-red horizontal triband with a white star inset on top-left of blue band
8 June 2018[6] Flag of Mon StateYellow Hamsa on a red field
Flag of Rakhine StateEmblem of Rakhine, a Shrivatsa, on a blue disk in the centre of a white-red horizontal bicolour
12 February 1947[7] Flag of Shan StateWhite circle, representing the moon, on a yellow-green-red horizontal triband

Regions

FlagDateUseDescription
2022Flag of Ayeyarwady RegionSeal of Ayeyarwady Region on a blue field
Flag of Bago RegionFemale hamsa perched on a male hamsa within a white circle bordered in green on a dark blue field. The text ("Bago Region") is above the birds.
2021Flag of Magway RegionSeal of Magway Region on a yellow field with the text ("Magway Region") above the seal in green.
2022Flag of Mandalay RegionSeal of Mandalay Region on a red field
30 September 2019 [8] Flag of Sagaing RegionSeal of Sagaing Region centred on a yellow-blue-red horizontal triband with the text ("Sagaing Region") above the seal within the yellow band.
2010Flag of Tanintharyi RegionNaga facing forward with a white star above on a red-blue-green horizontal triband
2022Flag of Yangon RegionInner portion of the Seal of Yangon Region centred on a yellow-green-red horizontal triband with the text ("Yangon Region Government Group") on a white banner below the seal.

Self-administered zones and divisions

Self-administered zones

FlagDateUseDescription
2017[9] Flag of the Danu Self-Administered Zone[10] [11] [12] Blue over yellow bicolour with a green disc at the centre charged with a white flower
Flag of the Kokang Self-Administered ZoneBlue-red-green horizontal triband charged with a white star and 8 white circular rings forming an arc above the star.
Flag of the Naga Self-Administered Zone[13] White over red bicolour with a green square in the upper hoist charged with two crossed spears and a tribal headdress
Flag of the Pa Laung Self-Administered ZoneRed circle on a light blue-yellow-green horizontal triband.
1955Flag of the Pa'O Self-Administered ZoneWhite star within a blue canton on a red-green horizontal bicolour

Self-administered divisions

Military flags

FlagDateUseDescription
Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces (Tatmadaw)[14] [15] A horizontal triband of red, white and blue; charged with a large yellow five-pointed star at the centre [16]
Flag of the Ministry of Defence (Myanmar)

Commander-in-Chief

FlagDateUseDescription
2015Flag of the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services[17] [18] A red, dark blue, light blue horizontal tricolour defaced with five golden stars under golden logo of Tatmadaw
2015Flag of the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services[19] A red, dark blue, light blue horizontal tricolour defaced with four golden stars under golden logo of Tatmadaw
Flag of the Office of the Commander-in-Chief (Army)A red defaced with four golden stars under golden logo of Tatmadaw
Flag of the Office of the Commander-in-Chief (Navy)A dark blue defaced with four golden stars under golden logo of Tatmadaw[20]
Flag of the Office of the Commander-in-Chief (Air Force)A light blue defaced with four golden stars under golden logo of Tatmadaw

Army

FlagDateUseDescription
Flag of the Myanmar ArmyA horizontal triband of blue, red and blue; charged with a large white five-pointed star at the centre
Ceremonial Guidon of the Myanmar Army

Regional Military Commands

FlagUseDescription
Flag of the Northern Command
Flag of the North Western Command
Flag of the North Eastern Command
Flag of the Eastern Command
Flag of the Eastern Central Command
Flag of the Triangle Region Command
Flag of the Western Command
Flag of the Naypyitaw Command
Flag of the Central Command
Flag of the Southern Command
Flag of the South Western Command
Flag of the Yangon Command
Flag of the South Eastern Command
Flag of the Coastal Region Command

Common flags

FlagUseDescription
Flag of the Infantry and Light InfantryA red field charged with Bandula badge: a white ancient Burmese helmet crossed by a white sword and a white spear
Flag of the Armour Corps
Flag of the Artillery Corps
Flag of the Signal Corps
Flag of the Engineering Corps
Flag of the Ordnance Services
Flag of the Defence Industries
Flag of the Security Printing Works
Flag of the Recovery and Resettlement Units
Flag of the Border Guard Forces[21] Recently, Tarmadaw ordered to change the arm patch of Border Guard and People’s militia.[22]

Battalions

Infantry Battalions
Flag of the No. (14) Infantry Battalion

Divisions

Navy

FlagDateUseDescription
1994Naval ensign of the Myanmar NavyWhite field with a red canton charged with a white five-pointed star and a blue anchor in the lower fly
Commissioning pennant of the Myanmar Navy

Air Force

Law enforcement flag

FlagDateUseDescription
Flag of the Myanmar Police ForceThree vertical bands of yellow, blue and red with a union star in the middle
Ensign of the Myanmar Coast GuardWhite field with a blue canton charged with a white five-pointed star and two blue anchor crossed in the lower fly [23]

Ministry flags

FlagDateUseDescription
Flag of the Ministry of Education
Flag of the Ministry of Defence[24] A red field charged with logo of Tatmadaw
Flag of the Ministry of Home Affairs[25] A horizontal triband of blue, yellow and green; charged with a black text of Burmese word for "Home Affairs" on the yellow band.

Religious flags

FlagDateUseDescription
1956Sasana Flag, the flag of Buddhism in MyanmarVertical bands of blue, yellow, red, white, light pink and the vertical band of the combination of these five colours' rectangular bands.[26]
A variant using pink in place of light pink
1954Flag of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Islamic Religious Affairs CouncilA red field defaced with a green rectangular canton with the Takbir in the upper hoist[27]
Flag of the Young Men's Buddhist AssociationA horizontal triband of yellow, green and red; charged with a yellow circle at the centre; a green Swastika on that circle and each of the four red alphabets — "Y", "M", "B", "A" — inside each blank between the arms of Swastika [28]

Political flags

FlagDateUseDescription
2019–presentMon Unity Party
2018–presentArakan Front Party
2018–presentLahu Democratic Union
Link to file2016–presentNational Unity Party
1988–2016
2015–presentAkha National Development Party
2015–presentZo National Regional Development Partymy
Link to file2014–presentArakan National Party
2014–presentKaren National Party
2014–presentPeople's Party of Myanmar Farmers and Workers
Link to file2013–presentDemocracy and Human Rights Party
1980s
Link to file2013–presentLisu National Development Party
2013–presentFederal Union Party
Link to file2012–presentMyanmar Farmers Development Party
2012–presentTai-Leng Nationalities Development Party
2012–presentUnited League of Arakan
2011–presentUnited Nationalities Federal Council
2010–presentAll Mon Region Democracy Party
2010–presentChin National Party
2010–presentEthnic National Development Party
Link to file2010–presentInn National Development Party
2010–presentKaman National Progressive Partymy
2010–presentKayin People's Party
2010–presentKokang Democracy and Unity Party
Link to file2010–presentLahu National Development Party
2010–presentNational Democratic Force
Link to file2010–presentPeace and Diversity Party
2010–presentShan Nationalities Democratic Party
2010–presentTa'ang National Party
2010–presentUnity and Democracy Party of Kachin State
2010–presentUnion Solidarity and Development Party
2010–presentWa Democratic Party
2004–presentArakan National Council
1996–presentRestoration Council of Shan State
Link to file1989–presentArakan League for Democracy
1989–presentChin National League for Democracy
1989–presentUnited Wa State Party
1989–presentWa State
1988–presentChin National Front
Link to file1988–presentDemocratic Party
1988–presentDemocratic Party for a New Society
1988–presentKachin State National Congress for Democracy
1988–presentMon National Party
1988–presentMro National Development Party
1988–presentNational League for Democracy
1992–presentPalaung State Liberation Front
1988–presentShan Nationalities League for Democracy
Link to file1988–presentZomi Congress for Democracy
1985–presentCommunist Party of Burma
1946–1969
1939–1946
1971–presentShan State Progress Party
1967–presentArakan Liberation Party
1958–presentNew Mon State Party
1957–presentKarenni National Progressive Party
1949–presentPa-O National Organisation
1947–presentKaren National Union
1936–presentAll Burma Federation of Student Unions

Other

FlagDateUseDescription
2012Rohingya opposition flag
2021Three-finger salute flagA red field charged with a white three-finger salute symbol. Flown in opposition against the 1st February Coup

Armed groups

FlagDateUseDescription
2022–presentMyanmar Royal Dragon Army
2021–presentBamar People's Liberation Army
2021–presentChin National Defence Force
2021–presentKaren National Liberation Army
1949–2021
2021–presentKarenni Nationalities Defence Force
2021–presentPeople's Defence Force
2021–presentPeople's Liberation Army
2021–presentPeople's Defence Force – Kalay

2021–present
1982–1998
Rohingya Solidarity Organisation
2021–presentStudent Armed Force
2016–presentShanni Nationalities Army
2013–presentArakan Rohingya Salvation Army
2011–presentFederal Union Army
2010–presentArakan Army (Kayin State)
2009–presentArakan Army
1997–presentZomi Revolutionary Army
1996–presentShan State Army – South
1994–presentNational United Party of Arakan
1994–presentDemocratic Karen Buddhist Army and DKBA-5
1992–presentTa'ang National Liberation Army
1989–presentMyanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
1989–presentNational Democratic Alliance Army
1989–presentUnited Wa State Army
1988–presentAll Burma Students' Democratic Front
1988–presentChin National Army
1988–presentKuki National Army
1980–presentNational Socialist Council of Nagaland
1968–presentArakan Liberation Army
1971–presentShan State Army – North
1969–presentWa National Army
1961–presentKachin Independence Army
1957–presentKarenni Army
1949–presentPa-O National Army
1947–presentKaren National Defence Organisation

Historical flags

National

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
Flag used in the Hanthawaddy KingdomA green field with a golden hamsa in the centre
– 1752National flag of the Second Burmese Empire under the Taungoo DynastyA golden field charged with a black peacock
– 1885National flag of the Third Burmese Empire under the Konbaung DynastyA swallowtail with white field charged with a green peacock biting a flower branch on a red disk (the sun) in the centre of the field [29] [30] [31] [32]
1824 – 1942;Union Flag of The United Kingdom used as the State flag of British Burma
1945 – 4 January 1948[33]
6 February 1939 – 30 March 1941;[34] National Flag of British BurmaBritish Blue Ensign with the Union Jack occupying one quarter of the field placed in the canton and defaced with the Badge of Burma: a peacock on a golden disk
1945 – 3 January 1948
30 March 1941 – 1942National Flag of British BurmaUnion Jack removed and the badge moved to centre
1942–1943Flag of Japanese occupied Burma
1 August 1943[35] – 1945State flag of the State of Burma
1943–1945Stylized variant flag of the State of Burma


Vertical:[36]
4 January 1948 – 3 January 1974[37] Former National Flag of the Union of BurmaA red field defaced with a blue rectangular canton in the upper hoist, and a big white star with five small white stars inside the rays of it in the canton.
3 January 1974–21 October 2010Former State Flag of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974–1988), later, the Union of Myanmar (1988–2010)The background is red field with blue rectangular canton in the upper hoist. Inside the blue canton are the 14 equal-sized white stars surrounding the paddy ears and the gear.[38]

Governmental

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
1753–1885Royal Standard used in royal occasions by the Konbaung Dynasty[39] A red peacock sewn on a white silk flag
1886–1937Standard of the Viceroy and Governor-General of India[40] Union Jack with the Order of the Star of India in the centre, surmounted by the Tudor Crown.
1939–1948Standard of the Governor of BurmaUnion Jack with the Badge of Burma in the centre
1952–1974Former Government Ensign of the Union of Burma[41] A blue field with the national flag in the canton.
1948–1962Former presidential flag of the Union of Burma An orange field background charged with a peacock in the centre

Embassy

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
1949Flag hoisted at the Embassy of the Union of Burma to the Republic of China in Nanjing[42] National flag with Palace city wall on lower fly

Civil

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
1886–1937Civil Ensign of the British Raj used after the Annexation of Burma in 1886British Red Ensign with the Union Jack occupying one quarter of the field placed in the canton and defaced with the Order of the Star of India.
1952–1974Former Civil Ensign of the Union of Burma
1974–2010Former Civil Ensign of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma, later, the Union of Myanmar

Military

Commander-in-Chief

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
1948–2010Former Flag of the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services[43] with a triband of light blue, red and dark blue, and a large golden five-pointed star at the centre [44] [45]
2010–2014Former Flag of the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services
1948 – Former Flag of the Commander-in-Chief of the ArmyGuidon with red-blue-red triband and a small white five-pointed star at the centre of the blue stripe
1948–1974Former Flag of the Chief of Air StaffGuidon with stratos background charged with Air Force's roundel

War flags of the Royal Burmese Armed Forces

!Flag!Name
(in Burmese)
!Description
Golden field charged with a green disk with a latte rabbit on it, at the centre
Latte field charged with a bīlūḥ holding up both hands with weapons
A horizontal triband of red, latte and red; with a chinthe in the latte band.
A horizontal triband of red, blue and red
A horizontal triband of blue, red and blue
A horizontal triband of red, mallard and red
A horizontal triband of red, william and red
A horizontal triband of red, falu and red
A horizontal triband of yellow, white and yellow
A horizontal triband of green, yellow and green

Army

!Flag!Name
(in Burmese)
!Date!Use!Description
–1885War flags of the Burmese Royal Armed Forces[46] Golden field charged with a red disk with a golden peacock on it, at the centre
1853-1876Flag used by European mercenaries from Burmese Royal Artillery
1942–1945War flag of the Imperial Japanese Army in Burma
1941(First) flag of the Burma Independence ArmyA white field with a red peacock in the centre [47]
1942(Second) flag of the Burma Independence ArmyA green field with a peacock in the centre and thunderbolts in the corners [48]
1942(Third) flag of the Burma Independence ArmyA horizontal triband of yellow, green and red; charged with a peacock on a white disk at the centre
1942–1945Flag of the Burma Defence Army, later, the Burma National ArmyA horizontal triband of yellow, green and red; charged with a stylized red peacock at the centre
1945Flag of the anti-fascist resistance guerrillas and the Burma National Army, later, Patriotic Burmese ForcesA red field with a white five-pointed star in the upper hoist
1948–Former flag of the Burma Army, later, Myanmar ArmyA horizontal triband of red, blue and red, charged with a small white five-pointed star at the centre of the blue stripe

Navy

FlagDateUseDescription
1824–1942;Navy Ensign of Royal Navy, in British BurmaBritish White Ensign: a white field defaced with the Saint George's Cross, and the Union Jack placed in the canton.
1945 – 4 January 1948
1886–1937Navy Jack of British Indian Navy, used when Burma was a province of British IndiaBritish Blue Ensign with the Union Jack occupying one quarter of the field placed in the canton and defaced with the Order of the Star of India
1942–1945Former Navy Ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy in Burma
1948–1974Former Naval Ensign of the Union of Burma NavyA white field defaced with Saint George's Cross and the national flag's canton in the canton
1974–1994Former Naval Ensign of the
Union of Burma Navy, later, the Myanmar Navy[49]
A horizontal bicolour, sky blue over navy blue, with a white large five-pointed star at the centre [50]

Air Force

FlagDateUseDescription
1948–1974Former Air Force Ensign of the Burmese Air Force
1974 – Former Air Force Ensign of
the Burmese Air Force, later, the Myanmar Air Force
A dodger blue field defaced with the Union Star in the canton, with the Myanmar Air Force crest to the fly

Administrative Divisions

States

FlagDateUseDescription
1974–2010Former flag of Kachin StateA dark blue field charged with mountains
1974–2018Former flag of Mon StateA blue field charged with a yellow hamsa in the centre and the text (meaning "Mon State") underneath it
1974–2010Former flag of Kayah StateA Kinnara centred on a red-blue-green horizontal triband; a small blue canton defaced on the red band; inside the canton, 14 equal-sized white stars surrounding the paddy ears and the gear

Divisions / Regions

FlagDateUseDescription
1974–2010Former flag of Ayeyarwady DivisionA stylized orange map of Ayeyarwady Region in a white box on top a field of white and blue waves with the text ("Ayeyarwady Division") above the map
2010–2022Former flag of Ayeyarwady DivisionSeal of Ayeyarwady Region with the text ("Ayeyarwady Region") above on a white field
1974–2010Former flag of Bago DivisionA blue field with a golden hamsa, and the text "" ("Bago Division") under the bird
2010 – Former flag of Bago RegionA blue field with a golden hamsa, and the text "" ("Bago Region") under the bird
1974–2010Former flag of Magway DivisionAn orange field with the red text "" (meaning "Magway Division")
2010–2021Former flag of Magway DivisionA yellow field charged with former seal (2010–2021)
1974–2010Former flag of Mandalay Division
2010–2021Flag of Mandalay RegionSeal of Mandalay Region on a red field
Is also the current Flag
2021–2022Former flag of Mandalay RegionSeal of Mandalay Region on blue background
1974–2010Former flagof Sagaing DivisionA green field with a yellow Burmese leograph and the yellow text "" (meaning "Sagaing Division")
2010–2019Former flag of Sagaing RegionA red field with a Burmese leograph and the text "" (meaning "Sagaing Region") [51] [52] [53]
1974–2010Former flag of Tanintharyi DivisionA dark blue field with the text "" (meaning "Tanintharyi Division")
1974–2010Former flag of Yangon Division
2010–2022Former flag of Yangon Region

Political flags

!Flag!Date!Party!Description
2015–2019Confederate Farmers Party
2014–2019Kachin Democratic Partymy
2013–2019Kachin State Democracy Party
2010–2014Rakhine Nationalities Development Party
1962–1988Burma Socialist Programme Party
1958–1964
1945–1958
Union Party
Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
1942–1943Poor Man's Party
1930-1950sThakins

Armed groups

!Flag!Date!Use!Description
1999–2013Vigorous Burmese Student Warriors
1995–2005Shan State National Army
1985–1996Mong Tai Army
1978–2009Karenni National People's Liberation Front
1964–1975Shan State Army
1960–1996Shan United Revolutionary Army

Former national flag proposals

FlagDateUseDescription
Proposed in 2006 Flag proposed for Myanmar at the 2006 Plenary Session of the National Convention A horizontal tricolour of green, yellow and red, with a white five-pointed star in the canton
Proposed in 2019 The National League for Democracy's proposed flag for Myanmar A red field with a blue canton, in which there is a large white five-pointed star surrounded by a circle of 14 small white five-pointed stars
Proposed in 2019 The Shan Nationalities League for Democracy's proposed flag for Myanmar A light blue field with a large white five-pointed star surrounded by a circle of eight small white five-pointed stars, with three horizontal stripes of yellow, green and red in the hoist
Proposed in 2019 The Zomi Congress for Democracy's proposed flag for Myanmar A light blue field with a white map of Myanmar in the centre surrounded by an orange oval ring
Proposed in 2019 The National Unity Party's proposed flag for Myanmar A yellow-brown field with a grey oval in the centre surrounded by a black ring and containing a map of Myanmar displaying the individual states and regions of the country in various colours

Notes and References

  1. News: 22 October 2010 . Prime Minister attends hoisting of State Flag of Republic of the Union of Myanmar . The Global New Light of Myanmar . News and Periodical Enterprise, Ministry of Information, Union of Myanmar .
  2. Article 437 (a), Chapter, Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, (2008)
  3. law. 21 October 2010. The State Peace and Development Council. The Union Flag Law. my.
  4. Web site: 19 November 2012 . President Obama Promises Support for the People of Burma . obamawhitehouse.archives.gov.
  5. News: 20 November 2020 . ချင်းပြည်နယ်အလံဒီဇိုင်းရေးဆွဲသူ ဒေါက်တာတမ်အောင်လိန်းကွယ်လွန် . my . Chin State Flag Designer Dr Tam Aung Lin dies . Zalen Media .
  6. News: Khant . Naung . 8 June 2018 . Mon State Hluttaw approves picture of golden hamsa on red background as Mon State flag . en . Burma News International . 21 August 2018.
  7. ပပ်ႉလၵ်းၼမ်း မုၵ်ႉၸုမ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆး၊ ၼႃႈ – ၂
  8. News: ကောင်းခန့်လင်း(မုံရွာ) . 8 October 2019 . စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး ကိုယ်စားပြု အလံနှင့် လိုဂိုအသစ်ကို ပြောင်းလဲအသုံးပြုမည် . my . The new flag and logo representing Sagaing Region will be changed . Eleven Media Group Co., Ltd .
  9. News: 29 November 2017 . ဓနုအမျိုးသားနေ့နဲ့ ရိုးရာဝတ်စုံသတ်မှတ် . my . Dhanu National Day and traditional costumes . .
  10. https://www.facebook.com/%E1%80%93%E1%82%8F%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B3%E1%80%B8-%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%A5%E1%80%B9%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%82%88-1649294585312928/photos/1978268092415574
  11. https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=503330114241094&set=pcb.503330430907729
  12. Web site: Self-Administered Zones (Myanmar) .
  13. Web site: Union Minister U Kyaw Tint Sweattends 2019 Naga New Year ceremony . 10 December 2019 . www.msco.gov.mm . Government of Myanmar . en.
  14. https://cincds.gov.mm/sites/default/files/E14_6.JPG
  15. http://www.mdn.gov.mm/sites/default/files/inline-images/DSC_0141-copy.jpg
  16. https://www.myanmar-now.org/en/news/commander-in-chief-says-constitution-can-be-repealed Commander-in-chief says constitution can be repealed
  17. https://myawady.net.mm/sites/default/files/912211.jpg
  18. https://www.seniorgeneralminaunghlaing.com.mm/en/24974/parade-of-the-76th-anniversary-armed-forces-day-heldchairman-of-the-state-administration-council-commanderin-chief-of-defence-services-senior-general-maha-thray-sithu-min-aung-hlaing-delivers-address/ Parade of the 76th Anniversary Armed Forces Day held;Chairman of the State Administration Council Commanderin-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Maha Thray Sithu Min Aung Hlaing delivers address / seniorgeneralminaunghlaing.com.mm
  19. https://cdn.myanmarseo.com/file/client-cdn/gnlm/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/V-Soe-win-copy.jpg Vice-Chairman of the State Administration Council Vice-Senior General Soe Win holds phone talks with Australian Vice-chief of Defence Force yesterday. Photo: MNA
  20. http://www.flags.net/MYAN.htm Burmese Flags (Myanmar) from The World Flag Database
  21. Web site: Myanmar Bangladesh border meeting .
  22. Web site: Myanmar military ordered to change the arm patch of Tachileik Border Guard .
  23. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FBBC-J-XsAAqbGd.jpg
  24. Web site: Ministries . Myanmar National Portal.
  25. Web site: Ministry of Home Affairs . The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Home Affairs . en.
  26. Book: အရှင်စန္ဒောဘာသ(ရွှေဘို) . သာသနာ့အလံတော် . 1995 . ရွှေပုရပိုက်စာပေ . my.
  27. Web site: Islamic Religious Affairs Council Myanmar . Facebook.
  28. Web site: . 11 January 2021 . YMBA အသင်းသူ/သားများအနေဖြင့် YMBA ဗဟိုအမှုဆောင်များအား ကြိုတင်အသိပေးတင်ပြခြင်းမရှိဘဲ မိမိသဘောဆန္ဒအလျောက် မီဒီယာများကိုဖြေကြားခွင့်မပြု . People Media . my.
  29. Book: . ဒေါင်းဋီကာ . 1914 . Peacock Details.
  30. Book: ဝရဇိန် (ဆရာစံမြေ) . မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းဝင်အလံများနှင့် မြန်မာခေါင်းဆောင်မျာ . September 2011 . Myanmar's Historical Flags And Myanmar Leaders.
  31. https://m.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=475026862992950&id=100014569205043&set=a.136703043492002&source=48 Page 6
  32. Book: . မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်သမိုင်း . Myanmar State History.
  33. Burma Celebrates Independence 1948 . 1948 . en . . VLVA9I02D6F29HT6UH95ALQGCYMK.
  34. Web site: Hubert de Vries . 27 March 2012 . Myanmar Burma Part 2 . hubert-herald.nl.
  35. Nippon News, Number 166, Nippon News, No. 166, August 11, 1943 . 11 August 1943 . video . ja . NHK International Inc. .
  36. Book: ဗိုလ်အေးမောင် . နိုင်ငံတော်အလံနှင့်နေ့ထူးများ THE NATIONAL FLAG AND THE SIGNIFICANT DAYS OF THE UNION OF BURMA . 1955 . Burma Translation Society . Rangoon . my.
  37. Book: မောင်အုန်းဖေ . ဒီဟာအစ ဒီလိုဗျ . May 2004.
  38. Book: . မြန်မာဖတ်စာ ဒုတိယတန်း (Grade-3) . 2006 . Ministry of Education, Government of the Union of Myanmar . 1 . my . Myanmar Textbook for Second Standard (Grade-3).
  39. Web site: နိုင်ငံတော်အလံအား ချစ်ခင်မြတ်နိုးတန်ဖိုးထားပါ . myawady.net.mm.
  40. Web site: Hubert de Vries . 11 June 2010 . Myanmar Burma Part 1 . hubert-herald.nl.
  41. Book: Pedersen, Christian Fogd . The International Flag Book in Colour . 1971 . 07137-0536-1 . Bedells . John . London . 72 . English.
  42. Web site: 13 August 2010 . ဒီမိုကရက်တစ် တရားမျှတမှုကို ကိုယ်တိုင် ကျင့်ဆောင်ခဲ့တဲ့ တရားဝန်ကြီးချုပ် . BBC . my.
  43. Web site: Vries . Hubert de . 5 April 2012 . Myanmar Burma Part 3 . hubert-herald.nl.
  44. News: 20 July 2010 . Senior General Than Shwe in India to discuss trade and security . PIME AsiaNews .
  45. News: Gleeson . Sean . 18 July 2017 . Whatever happened to the tyrant Than Shwe? . Southeast Asia Globe .
  46. Book: နတ်မောက် ဘုန်းကျော် . ရှေးခေတ် မြန်မာ့တပ်မတော်မှတ်စုများ . March 2014 . my . Ancient Burmese Army Notes.
  47. Book: Jowett, Phillip . 25 June 2020 . . Windrow . Martin . 17.
  48. Book: Jowett, Phillip . 25 June 2020 . . Windrow . Martin . 27.
  49. Book: Jane, Fred T. . Jane's Fighting Ships (2004–2005) . 2004 . 0-7106-2623-1 . Saunders . Stephen . 107th . 488.
  50. Web site: A photo posted on Facebook by a Navy Officer . Facebook.
  51. 2014 Yangon Region Chief Minister Cup, Regions and States Sport Tournament http://www.ispeyangon.com/sites/default/files/new-349.jpg http://www.ispeyangon.com/sites/default/files/new-361.jpg
  52. https://myanmar.mmtimes.com/sites/myanmar.mmtimes.com/files/styles/mmtimes_ratio_c_normal_detail_image/public/news-images/5-myo-win-tun-230-f2.jpg?itok=P-TEXhBb
  53. Web site: မ်ိဳး တံဆိပ္ရိုက္ on Facebook . limited . https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/302698343785836/598606694194998 . 2022-04-30 . Facebook.