| Republic of Guatemala | |
| Use: | 011011 |
| Proportion: | 5:8 |
| Design: | A vertical triband of Maya blue (hoist-side and fly-side) and white with the National Emblem centered on the white band. |
| Nickname2: | Civil ensign |
| Use2: | 100100 |
| Proportion2: | 5:8 |
| Adoption2: | 17 August 1871 |
| Design2: | A vertical triband of Maya blue (hoist-side and fly-side) and white. |
The national flag of Guatemala, often referred to as "Pabellón Nacional" (literally, "National Flag") or "Azul y Blanco" ("Blue and White") features two colors: sky blue and white. According to decree, the two sky blue stripes represents strength, justice, truth and loyalty. The white color signifies purity, integrity, firmness and light.[1] The blue and white colors, like those of several other countries in the region, are based on the flag of the former Federal Republic of Central America.
In the center of the flag is the Guatemalan coat of arms. It includes the resplendent quetzal, the national bird of Guatemala that symbolizes liberty; a parchment scroll bearing the date of Central America's independence from Spain, 15 September 1821; crossed Remington Rolling Block[2] rifles, indicating Guatemala's willingness to defend itself by force if need be; a bay laurel crown, the symbol for victory; and crossed swords, representing honor. It is one of four national flags among UN member states that features a firearm, along with those of Mozambique, Haiti, and Bolivia.
It is one of five national flags that use the ratio 5:8, with the others being Argentina, Palau, Poland, and Sweden.
The Federal Republic of Central America flag was used in Guatemala until 1851, when a pro-Spanish faction took over and added the Spanish colors of red and yellow to the flag. The original colors were restored on 17 August 1871, but as vertical (rather than horizontal) stripes in order to distinguish it from other flags and with a new coat of arms.
The resplendent quetzal previously appeared in the 1830s in the flag of Los Altos, the sixth state in the Federal Republic.
In 2008 a flag called the Bandera de Los Pueblos (Flag of indigenous peoples) was adopted by law and is shown together with the national flag of Guatemala in all events featuring the President of Guatemala since then. The flag is divided in four parts, red, yellow, white and black, each colour representing Xinca people, Garifuna people, Maya people, and Ladino people, respectively.[3]
These colours are also part of the Qanil, a Maya symbol in which each color represents a point of the compass, an element of nature and a part of the human being. Qanil means "seed" in Mayan languages, and is also one of the 20 days of the Maya calendar.Aimed at promoting "interculturality" in Guatemala, the Bandera de los Pueblos was received with disinterest by the leaders of the peoples, who do not seem to have been consulted.[4]
Since 1961, 17 August has been commemorated as Flag Day.[5]
| width=100 | Color scheme | Maya blue | White | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pantone | 297 | Safe | |||
| RGB | 73-151-208 | 255-255-255 | |||
| CMYK | 64.9-27.4-0-18.4 | 0-0-0-0-0 | |||
| Web colors | 4997D0 | FFFFFF |
| Flag | Use | |
|---|---|---|
| Flag of the Minister of Defence | ||
| Flag of the Chief of the General Staff |
The Guatemalan flag has changed throughout history, arriving to its current design in 1871.
| Flag | Date | Use | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1822-1823 | Flag of Guatemala annexed to the First Mexican Empire | ||
| 1825–1838 | Flag of Guatemala within Central America | ||
| 1838–1843 | Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1838–1840 1848–1849 | |||
| 1843–1851 | Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1851–1858 | Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1851–1858 | State Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1858–1871 | Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1858–1871 | State Flag of Guatemala | ||
| 1871–1968 | State flag used until 1968, similar to modern flag but with minor differences and additions of blue and white ribbons; some variants contained red ribbons or multiple | ||
| 1871–1968 | State Flag of Guatemala (variant, used before) |