Flachgau-Tennengau (National Council electoral district) explained

Flachgau-Tennengau
Constituency Type:	Electoral District
Parl Name:	National Council
Map4:	Flachgau-Tennengau (National Council electoral district).svg
Map Size:	250px
Map Entity:	Austria
District Label:	District
Region Label:	State
Region:	Salzburg
Population:	220,272 (2024)^[1]
Electorate:	157,803 (2019)
Area:	1,673 km² (2023)^[2]
Year:	1994
Seats:	4 (1994–present)
Members Label:	Members^[3]

Flachgau-Tennengau, also known as Electoral District 5B (de|Wahlkreis 5B), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created in 1992 when electoral regulations were amended to add regional electoral districts to the existing state-wide electoral districts and came into being at the following legislative election in 1994. It consists of the districts of Hallein and Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg. The electoral district currently elects four of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 157,803 registered electors.

History

Flachgau-Tennengau was one 43 regional electoral districts (German: regionalwahlkreise) established by the "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" (German: Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992) passed by the National Council in 1992.^[4] It consisted of the districts of Hallein and Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg.^[5] The district was initially allocated four seats in May 1993.^[6]

Electoral system

Flachgau-Tennengau currently elects four of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system.^[7] ^[8] ^[9] The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages.^[10] In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota (German: wahlzahl) (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state).^[11] ^[12] In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats).^[11] ^[12] In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats).^[11] ^[12] Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.^[11] ^[12]

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels.^[12] Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated.^[12] ^[13] At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels).^[13] Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).^[12] ^[14] ^[15]

Election results

Summary

colspan=3	colspan=3	colspan=3	colspan=3	colspan=3	colspan=3
Election	valign=bottom colspan=3	Communists KPÖ+ / KPÖ !	valign=bottom colspan=3	Social Democrats SPÖ !	valign=bottom colspan=3	Greens GRÜNE !	valign=bottom colspan=3	NEOS NEOS / LiF !	valign=bottom colspan=3	People's ÖVP !	valign=bottom colspan=3	Freedom FPÖ
Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats
	697	0.57%	0	17,407	14.16%	0	16,017	13.03%	0	11,047	8.99%	0	58,656	47.73%	2	16,687	13.58%	0
	705	0.55%	0	25,652	19.88%	0	5,294	4.10%	0	7,786	6.03%	0	51,373	39.82%	1	31,359	24.31%	1
	654	0.56%	0	23,205	20.04%	0	18,792	16.23%	0	5,345	4.62%	0	33,396	28.84%	1	23,533	20.32%	0
	637	0.54%	0	24,166	20.43%	0	14,699	12.42%	0	1,935	1.64%	0	36,925	31.21%	1	20,733	17.53%	0
	798	0.72%	0	27,249	24.69%	1	14,424	13.07%	0				46,707	42.32%	1	13,443	12.18%	0
	505	0.44%	0	31,420	27.52%	1	11,791	10.33%	0	1,322	1.16%	0	57,260	50.16%	2	11,861	10.39%	0
	328	0.31%	0	27,011	25.77%	1	9,104	8.69%	0	3,937	3.76%	0	32,267	30.78%	1	30,568	29.16%	1
	236	0.22%	0	31,055	29.40%	1	6,041	5.72%	0	6,550	6.20%	0	33,734	31.94%	1	26,685	25.26%	1
				27,045	27.64%	1	8,010	8.19%	0	6,354	6.49%	0	31,520	32.21%	1	23,159	23.67%	0

Detailed

2010s

2019

Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:^[16] ^[17]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	15,913	42,624	119	58,656	47.73%	2
		SPÖ	5,855	11,482	70	17,407	14.16%	0
		FPÖ	4,298	12,343	46	16,687	13.58%	0
		GRÜNE	4,080	11,814	123	16,017	13.03%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		NEOS	2,742	8,234	71	11,047	8.99%	0
		JETZT	495	1,224	11	1,730	1.41%	0
		KPÖ+	207	483	7	697	0.57%	0
		WANDL	147	503	6	656	0.53%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	33,737	88,707	453	122,897	100.00%	2
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	517	1,085	6	1,608	1.29%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	34,254	89,792	459	124,505	78.90%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	43,516	114,287		157,803
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	78.72%	78.57%		78.90%

The following candidates were elected:^[18] ^[19]

Party mandates - Tanja Graf (ÖVP), 1,329 votes; and Peter Haubner (ÖVP), 3,363 votes.

2017

Results of the 2017 legislative election held on 15 October 2017:^[20] ^[21]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	13,860	37,322	191	51,373	39.82%	1
		FPÖ	8,225	23,046	88	31,359	24.31%	1
		SPÖ	7,915	17,565	172	25,652	19.88%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		NEOS	2,003	5,683	100	7,786	6.03%	0
		GRÜNE	1,373	3,854	67	5,294	4.10%	0
		PILZ	1,254	3,328	53	4,635	3.59%	0
		GILT	330	992	7	1,329	1.03%	0
		KPÖ	197	500	8	705	0.55%	0
		FLÖ	173	381	2	556	0.43%	0
	The Whites	WEIßE	132	198	2	332	0.26%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	35,462	92,869	690	129,021	100.00%	2
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	425	1,027	5	1,457	1.12%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	35,887	93,896	695	130,478	83.08%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	43,433	113,627		157,060
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	82.63%	82.64%		83.08%

The following candidates were elected:^[22] ^[23]

Personal mandates - Marlene Svazek (FPÖ), 5,319 votes.
Party mandates - Peter Haubner (ÖVP), 3,607 votes.

Substitutions:

Marlene Svazek (FPÖ) resigned on 12 June 2018 and was replaced by Volker Reifenberger (FPÖ) on 13 June 2018.^[24]

2013

Results of the 2013 legislative election held on 29 September 2013:^[25] ^[26]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	9,099	24,214	83	33,396	28.84%	1
		FPÖ	6,214	17,264	55	23,533	20.32%	0
		SPÖ	7,928	15,221	56	23,205	20.04%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	4,929	13,730	133	18,792	16.23%	0
		FRANK	1,556	4,524	17	6,097	5.27%	0
		NEOS	1,310	4,000	35	5,345	4.62%	0
		BZÖ	1,015	2,909	18	3,942	3.40%	0
		PIRAT	220	599	4	823	0.71%	0
		KPÖ	189	455	10	654	0.56%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	32,460	82,916	411	115,787	100.00%	1
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	850	2,017	9	2,876	2.42%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	33,310	84,933	420	118,663	77.10%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	42,833	111,076		153,909
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	77.77%	76.46%		77.10%

The following candidates were elected:^[27] ^[28]

Party mandates - Peter Haubner (ÖVP), 2,262 votes.

2000s

2008

Results of the 2008 legislative election held on 28 September 2008:^[29] ^[30]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	9,494	27,077	354	36,925	31.21%	1
		SPÖ	7,995	15,958	213	24,166	20.43%	0
		FPÖ	5,550	15,029	154	20,733	17.53%	0
		BZÖ	4,259	10,591	111	14,961	12.65%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	3,679	10,696	324	14,699	12.42%	0
		FRITZ	517	1,546	23	2,086	1.76%	0
		LiF	473	1,413	49	1,935	1.64%	0
		RETTÖ	235	799	4	1,038	0.88%	0
		DC	273	732	15	1,020	0.86%	0
		KPÖ	190	438	9	637	0.54%	0
		LINKE	58	46	1	105	0.09%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	32,723	84,325	1,257	118,305	100.00%	1
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	1,044	2,352	16	3,412	2.80%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	33,767	86,677	1,273	121,717	81.97%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	41,357	107,135		148,492
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	81.65%	80.90%		81.97%

The following candidates were elected:^[31] ^[32]

Party mandates - Konrad Steindl (ÖVP), 2,304 votes.

2006

Results of the 2006 legislative election held on 1 October 2006:^[33] ^[34]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	11,744	32,412	2,551	46,707	42.32%	1
		SPÖ	8,793	17,184	1,272	27,249	24.69%	1
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	3,371	9,656	1,397	14,424	13.07%	0
		FPÖ	3,606	9,399	438	13,443	12.18%	0
		MATIN	871	2,539	146	3,556	3.22%	0
		BZÖ	874	2,501	134	3,509	3.18%	0
		KPÖ	222	535	41	798	0.72%	0
		NFÖ	184	483	19	686	0.62%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	29,665	74,709	5,998	110,372	100.00%	2
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	866	2,064	86	3,016	2.66%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	30,531	76,773	6,084	113,388	80.31%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	39,453	101,738		141,191
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	77.39%	75.46%		80.31%

The following candidates were elected:^[35] ^[36]

Party mandates - Stefan Prähauser (SPÖ), 1,783 votes; and Konrad Steindl (ÖVP), 2,877 votes.

2002

Results of the 2002 legislative election held on 24 November 2002:^[37] ^[38]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	14,501	40,499	2,260	57,260	50.16%	2
		SPÖ	10,148	20,205	1,067	31,420	27.52%	1
		FPÖ	3,033	8,521	307	11,861	10.39%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	2,759	7,888	1,144	11,791	10.33%	0
		LiF	299	955	68	1,322	1.16%	0
		KPÖ	165	316	24	505	0.44%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	30,905	78,384	4,870	114,159	100.00%	3
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	618	1,451	43	2,112	1.82%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	31,523	79,835	4,913	116,271	86.90%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	37,550	96,256		133,806
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	83.95%	82.94%		86.90%

The following candidates were elected:^[39] ^[40]

Party mandates - Peter Haubner (ÖVP), 2,657 votes; Stefan Prähauser (SPÖ), 3,074 votes; and Konrad Steindl (ÖVP), 764 votes.

1990s

1999

Results of the 1999 legislative election held on 3 October 1999:^[41] ^[42]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	8,051	22,568	1,648	32,267	30.78%	1
		FPÖ	7,980	21,420	1,168	30,568	29.16%	1
		SPÖ	8,610	17,177	1,224	27,011	25.77%	1
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	2,221	6,139	744	9,104	8.69%	0
		LiF	885	2,629	423	3,937	3.76%	0
		DU	197	518	32	747	0.71%	0
	Christian Voters Community	CWG	103	309	22	434	0.41%	0
	No to NATO and EU – Neutral Austria Citizens' Initiative	NEIN	104	304	16	424	0.40%	0
		KPÖ	127	180	21	328	0.31%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	28,278	71,244	5,298	104,820	100.00%	3
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	535	1,336	50	1,921	1.80%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	28,813	72,580	5,348	106,741	82.22%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	36,707	93,121		129,828
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	78.49%	77.94%		82.22%

The following candidates were elected:^[43] ^[44]

Party mandates - Hermann Böhacker (FPÖ), 1,977 votes; Günter Puttinger (ÖVP), 2,083 votes; and Annemarie Reitsamer (SPÖ), 2,059 votes.

Substitutions:

Annemarie Reitsamer (SPÖ) resigned on 28 February 2001 and was replaced by Stefan Prähauser (SPÖ) on 1 March 2001.^[45]
Günter Puttinger (ÖVP) resigned on 30 November 2001 and was replaced by Peter Haubner (ÖVP) on 3 December 2001.^[46]

1995

Results of the 1995 legislative election held on 17 December 1995:^[47] ^[48]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	8,677	24,044	1,013	33,734	31.94%	1
		SPÖ	10,414	19,970	671	31,055	29.40%	1
		FPÖ	7,202	18,973	510	26,685	25.26%	1
		LiF	1,448	4,581	521	6,550	6.20%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	1,503	4,042	496	6,041	5.72%	0
	No – Civic Action Group Against the Sale of Austria	NEIN	332	967	23	1,322	1.25%	0
		KPÖ	105	125	6	236	0.22%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	29,681	72,702	3,240	105,623	100.00%	3
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	768	1,826	21	2,615	2.42%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	30,449	74,528	3,261	108,238	87.52%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	35,781	87,888		123,669
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	85.10%	84.80%		87.52%

The following candidates were elected:^[49] ^[50]

Party mandates - Helmut Haigermoser (FPÖ), 1,849 votes; Günter Puttinger (ÖVP), 1,287 votes; and Annemarie Reitsamer (SPÖ), 2,150 votes.

1994

Results of the 1994 legislative election held on 9 October 1994:^[51] ^[52]

Party	Votes per district			align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	Total Votes !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"	% !	align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2	Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Hal- lein !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Salz- burg- Umge- bung !	align=center valign=bottom width="50"	Voting card
		ÖVP	8,061	22,177	1,282	31,520	32.21%	1
		SPÖ	9,312	16,844	889	27,045	27.64%	1
		FPÖ	6,111	16,255	793	23,159	23.67%	0
	align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"		GRÜNE	2,066	5,327	617	8,010	8.19%	0
		LiF	1,465	4,384	505	6,354	6.49%	0
	No – Civic Action Group Against the Sale of Austria	NEIN	256	658	36	950	0.97%	0
	Christian Voters Community	CWG	195	423	41	659	0.67%	0
	United Greens Austria – List Adi Pinter	VGÖ	44	103	11	158	0.16%	0
align=left colspan=3	Valid Votes	27,510	66,171	4,174	97,855	100.00%	2
align=left colspan=3	Rejected Votes	615	1,624	55	2,294	2.29%
align=left colspan=3	Total Polled	28,125	67,795	4,229	100,149	82.06%
align=left colspan=3	Registered Electors	35,555	86,488		122,043
align=left colspan=3	Turnout	79.10%	78.39%		82.06%

The following candidates were elected:^[53] ^[54]

Party mandates - Günter Puttinger (ÖVP), 2,390 votes; and Annemarie Reitsamer (SPÖ), 3,083 votes.

Notes and References

Web site: Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn nach Politischen Bezirken bzw. Wiener Gemeindebezirken seit 2002 . . 9 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Stadtgebiet nach Nutzungsklassen und Gemeindebezirken . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240625151846/https://www.wien.gv.at/statistik/ogd/jahrbuch/stadtraum/tab_1.1.2_stadtgebiet_.csv . 25 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalrat: Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1885 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1918 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
322. Kundmachung des Bundesministers für Inneres über die Zahl der auf jeden Wahlkreis entfallenden Mandate für die Wahl des Nationalrates . . 11 May 1993 . 1993 . 118 . 2707 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20231029000533/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1993_322_0/1993_322_0.pdf . 29 October 2023 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Wahlkreiseinteilung . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240421071143/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Wahlkreiseinteilung.aspx . 21 April 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Austrian National Council 2019 General . Election Guide . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240228065006/https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3350/ . 28 February 2024 . Arlington, U.S.A..
Web site: Electoral Assistance: ElecData, Compendium of Electoral Data - Austria . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240403205755/https://www.coe.int/en/web/electoral-assistance/elecdata-austria . 3 April 2024 . Strasbourg, France.
Book: Müller . Wolfgang C. . Gallagher . Michael . Mitchell . Paul . The Politics of Electoral Systems . 15 September 2005 . . Oxford, UK . 9780191603280 . 396–416 . 10 July 2024 . Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects.
Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Überblick . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231231143451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/ . 31 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Reimink . Elwin . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Austria . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945 . Jean-Benoit Pilet and Alan Renwick . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240226131754/https://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_764/FILE/Austria_summary.pdf . 26 February 2024 . 7–8.
Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Vorzugsstimmen . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240119191451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Vorzugsstimmen.aspx . 19 January 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Demokratiepaket soll Kluft zwischen Politik und Bürgern reduzieren . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 31 January 2013.
Web site: Bundesrat befürwortet Stärkung des Persönlichkeitswahlrechts . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 5 April 2013.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene und Landeswahlkreiseben . . 7 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211115124851/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2019/files/endgultiges_Gesamtergebnis_NRW19_16102019.xlsx . 15 November 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Salzburg - Regionalwahlkreis Flachgau/Tennengau . Bundeswahlen . . 20 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220830200115/https://www.bundeswahlen.gv.at/2019/5B.html . 30 August 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Broschüre Landeswahlvorschläge . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225011649/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2019/files/NRW19_Vorzugsstimmen_Landes_Regionalparteiliste_16102019.pdf . 25 February 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 35 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233208/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2017/files/NRW17_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 6 December 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Salzburg - Regionalwahlkreis Flachgau/Tennengaud . Bundeswahlen . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230425122718/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2017/files/Vorzugsstimmen_Land_Regional.pdf . 25 April 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 44 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
XXVI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 28. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Mittwoch, 13. Juni 2018 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 13 June 2018 . XXVI . 28 . 13 . 20 August 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20240602032657/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXVI/NRSITZ/28/fname_728861.pdf . 2 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210129221519/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/NRW13_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 29 January 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Salzburg - Regionalwahlkreis Flachgau/Tennengau . Bundeswahlen . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205082043/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/Land_VZ_Broschuere_gesamt.pdf . 5 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 58 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 20 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 16 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220228132617/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Ergebnis_end.zip . 28 February 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Salzburg - Regionalwahlkreis Flachgau/Tennengau . Bundeswahlen . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225140442/https://bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Vorzugsstimmen/NRW_08_VZ_Regional.pdf . 25 February 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 39 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Regionalwahlkreisebene, Landeswahlkreisebene, Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200717055718/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_EndergebnisE.xls . 17 July 2020 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Mandatsspiegel . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210508075453/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_MandatsspiegelV.pdf . 8 May 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620121319/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_VZ_RPL.pdf . 20 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 29 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2002: Gesamtergebnis mit Wahlkartenergebnissen der Nationalratswahl 2002 . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220809190010/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2002/files/NRW02_E_DL.zip . 9 August 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2002: Mandatsvergabe - Bundesgebiet - Hauptübersicht . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211010101810/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2002/files/NRW02_Brosch_Mandate_Bund.pdf . 10 October 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 2002: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231129052307/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2002/files/Vorzug_E_Regional.pdf . 29 November 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 17 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 1999: Ergebnis der Nationalratswahl 1999 . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220709132039/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1999/files/NRWergebnis1999.zip . 9 July 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 1999: Erzielte Mandate . . 22 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240529191600/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1999/start.aspx#pk_04 . 29 May 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalratswahl 1999: Vorzugsstimmen . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220731111116/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1999/files/NRW1999vorzugsstimmen.zip . 31 July 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
XXI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 57. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Donnerstag, 1., und Freitag, 2. März 2001 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 2 March 2001 . XXI . 57 . 26 . 22 August 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20231214093119/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXI/NRSITZ/57/fname_114469.pdf . 14 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
XXI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 87. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Mittwoch, 12. Dezember 2001 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 12 December 2001 . XXI . 87 . 21 . 22 August 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20231026233217/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXI/NRSITZ/87/fname_114529.pdf . 26 October 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 . 1996 . . Vienna, Austria . 222–223 . 14 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620173624/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1995/files/nationalratswahl_17121995.pdf . 20 June 2024 . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 . 1996 . . Vienna, Austria . 132 . 14 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620173624/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1995/files/nationalratswahl_17121995.pdf . 20 June 2024 . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 . 1996 . . Vienna, Austria . 33 . 14 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620173624/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1995/files/nationalratswahl_17121995.pdf . 20 June 2024 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 . 1995 . . Vienna, Austria . 3-7046-0713-4 . 208–209 . 10 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211114072548/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1994/files/nationalratswahl_9101994.pdf . 14 November 2021 . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 . 1995 . . Vienna, Austria . 3-7046-0713-4 . 132 . 10 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211114072548/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1994/files/nationalratswahl_9101994.pdf . 14 November 2021 . de.
Book: Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 . 1995 . . Vienna, Austria . 3-7046-0713-4 . 31 . 10 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211114072548/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1994/files/nationalratswahl_9101994.pdf . 14 November 2021 . de.
Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 22 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.