King's Gambit, Fischer Defense Explained

Openingname:	Fischer Defense
Moves:	1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 d6
Eco:	C34
Birth:	1961, Bobby Fischer
Nameorigin:	Bobby Fischer
Parentopening:	King's Gambit
Chessgid:	2423116&move=4&moves=e4.e5.f4.exf4.Nf3.d6&nodes=21720.21721.101115.1367170.1367171.2423116

The Fischer Defense to the King's Gambit is a chess opening variation that begins with the moves:

1. e4 e5

2. f4 exf4

3. Nf3 d6

Although 3...d6 was previously known,^[1] it did not become a major variation until Fischer advocated it in a famous 1961 article in the first issue of the American Chess Quarterly.^{[2] [3]}

In the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings, the Fischer Defense is given the code C34.

History

After Bobby Fischer lost a 1960 game^[4] at Mar del Plata to Boris Spassky, in which Spassky played the Kieseritzky Gambit, Fischer left in tears^[5]

Notes and References

1. For example, George H. D. Gossip and S. Lipschütz noted that 3...d6 was "a move advised by Stamma, and which Mr. Löwenthal thinks may be safely adopted", and that "the game is even" after 4.Bc4 or 4.d4. G. H. D. Gossip and S. Lipschütz, The Chess-Player's Manual (3rd ed. 1902), David McKay, p. 491. OCLC 3727518.
2. Bobby Fischer, "A Bust to the King's Gambit", American Chess Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Summer 1961), pp. 3–9.
3. Web site: A Bust to the King's Gambit . Fischer, Bobby . 1961 . 2020-05-21 . brooklyn64.com . 2020-11-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201111193505/http://brooklyn64.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/a-bust-to-the-kings-gambit.pdf . dead .
4. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1080046 Boris Spassky vs Robert James Fischer (1960)
5. Carl Schreck; Moscow Patzer: A Bread Run With the Great Bronstein