| Cabinet Name: | First Rajiv Gandhi Ministry |
| Cabinet Type: | ministry |
| Cabinet Number: | 12th |
| Jurisdiction: | the Republic of India |
| Flag: | Flag of India.svg |
| Flag Border: | true |
| Government Head: | Rajiv Gandhi |
| State Head: | Zail Singh |
| Political Party: | Indian National Congress (Congress alliance) |
| Legislature Status: | Majority |
| Election: | 1980 |
| Last Election: | 1984 |
| Opposition Leader: | Vacant |
| Previous: | Fourth Indira Gandhi ministry |
| Successor: | Second Rajiv Gandhi ministry |
The First Rajiv Gandhi ministry was the 10th union council of ministers of India which was formed on 31 October 1984 after the assassination of prime minister Indira Gandhi. The ministry was headed by Rajiv Gandhi and retained most ministers from the predecessor cabinet.
The ministry was dissolved on 31 December 1984 after the 1984 general election.
Rajiv Gandhi was appointed as the Prime Minister following the assassination of his mother and Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on 31 October 1984. He was sworn in as the Prime Minister by President Zail Singh the same day as the assassination of Indira Gandhi.
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi retained the senior ministers from the predecessor cabinet headed by Indira Gandhi. Those sworn in as minister along with him on 31 October 1984 included P. V. Narasimha Rao, Pranab Mukherjee, Shankarrao Chavan, P. Shiv Shankar and Buta Singh as cabinet-rank ministers.
A cabinet expansion took place on 4 November 1984 when several other cabinet ministers, ministers of state and deputy ministers were sworn in into office.