Filisoma Explained

Filisoma is a genus in Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms, also known as spiny-headed worms).

Taxonomy

The genus was described by Van Cleave in 1928. The National Center for Biotechnology Information indicates phylogenetic analysis has been published on any Filisoma species.[1]

Description

Filisoma species consist of a proboscis covered in hooks and a trunk.

Species

The genus Filisoma Van Cleave, 1928 contains species.

Distribution

The distribution of Filisoma is determined by that of its hosts.

Hosts

The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the definitive host and then ingested by an arthropod, the intermediate host. Although the intermediate hosts of Filisoma are arthropods. When the acanthor molts, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the mesenteron or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the larval or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor is passed in the feces of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There may be paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Filisoma.[9]

Filisoma parasitizes animals. There are no reported cases of Filisoma infesting humans in the English language medical literature.[10]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=txid84284[Organism:exp NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools.]. Conrad L . Schoch. Stacy . Ciufo. Mikhail . Domrachev. Carol L . Hotton. Sivakumar . Kannan. Rogneda . Khovanskaya. Detlef . Leipe. Richard . Mcveigh. Kathleen . O’Neill. Barbara . Robbertse. Shobha . Sharma. Vladimir . Soussov. John P . Sullivan. Lu . Sun. Seán . Turner. Ilene . Karsch-Mizrachi . 2020 . Taxonomy Browser . NCBI . April 1, 2024 .
  2. Wang, Y.; Wang, P.; Wu, D. (1993). On some Echinorhynchoidea parasites from marine fishes of Fujian Province, China. Wuyi Science Journal. 10(B): 29-39.
  3. Kaur P, Shamal P, Chandran A, Sharma SRK, Sanil NK. Characterization of Filisoma argusum n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Cavisomatidae Meyer, 1932) infecting the spotted scat, Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) from the Indian coast. Parasitol Res. 2021 Jul;120(7):2505-2521. doi: 10.1007/s00436-021-07207-7. Epub 2021 Jun 25. PMID 34170388.
  4. Wang, Y.; Wang, P. (1988). Notes on Acanthocephala from Fujian, with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Fujian Teachers University (Natural Science). 4(3), 80-86.
  5. Van Cleave, H.J. (1940). The Acanthocephala collected by the Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 1934. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. 2:499-527.
  6. Costa Fernandes, V. S.; Amin, O.; Borges, J. N.; Santos, C. P. (2019). A New Species of the Acanthocephalan Genus Filisoma (Cavisomidae) from Perciform Fishes in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Acta Parasitologica., available online at https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-018-00019-3
  7. Van Cleave, H.J. and Manter, H.W. (1947). A new species of the acanthocephalan genus Filisoma from the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Journal of Parasitology. 33: 487-490.
  8. Amin OM, Nahhas FM. Acanthocephala of marine fishes off Fiji Islands, with descriptions of Filisoma longcementglandatus n. sp., Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus n. sp. (Cavisomidae), and gravid females of Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni (Rhadinorhynchidae); and keys to species of the genera Filisoma and Neorhadinorhynchus. J Parasitol. 1994 Oct;80(5):768-74. PMID 7931911.
  9. Book: Schmidt , G.D. . Crompton . D.W.T. . Nickol . B.B. . 1985 . Biology of the Acanthocephala . Development and life cycles . Cambridge . Cambridge Univ. Press . 273–305 . 16 July 2023 . 22 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230722191034/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/17218255.pdf . live .
  10. Mathison . BA . etal . Human Acanthocephaliasis: a Thorn in the Side of Parasite Diagnostics . J Clin Microbiol . 2021 . 59 . 11 . e02691-20 . 10.1128/JCM.02691-20 . 34076470 . 8525584 .

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