| Fiat Pratola Serra modular engines | |
| Aka: | Family B engines Family C engines |
| Manufacturer: | Fiat Auto (1994-2005) Fiat Powertrain Technologies (2005-2013) Fiat Group Automobiles (2013-2014) FCA Italy (2014-present) |
| Production: | 1994-present |
| Predecessor: | Fiat Twin Cam engine Fiat Torque engine |
| Successor: | FCA Global Medium Engine |
| Configuration: | Inline-4 Inline-5 |
| Fueltype: | Petrol Diesel |
| Fuelsystem: | Common rail Direct injection Gasoline direct injection |
| Coolingsystem: | Water-cooled |
| Block: | Cast iron Aluminium Alloy |
| Head: | Aluminium Alloy |
| Turbocharger: | In some versions |
| Valvetrain: | SOHC 2 or 3 valves x cyl. DOHC 4 valves x cyl. with VVT |
| Displacement: | NaNcc |
| Bore: | 79.5mm 82mm 83mm 83.8mm |
| Stroke: | 64.87mm 75.65mm 82.7mm 80.5mm 90.4mm 91mm 99mm |
| Power: | NaNhp |
The Fiat Pratola Serra modular engines (also known as family B engines for the 4 cylinder units, and family C engines for the 5 cylinder units) are a family of engines produced by the Fiat Group since 1994 and used in Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia and Jeep vehicles. They are named after the Pratola Serra municipality in which they're being produced.
This new engine family debuted with the Lancia Kappa, and were designed to allow the production of different units, both diesel and petrol, in various displacements and configurations while decreasing development and production costs thanks to the modular architecture.
Five cylinder launch versions:
| Displacement | Bore x Stroke | Cycle | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998cc | NaNmm | Otto | Naturally aspirated, variable valve timing | |
| 2446cc | NaNmm | Otto | Naturally aspirated, variable valve timing, variable-length intake manifold | |
| 2387cc | NaNmm | Diesel | Turbocharged |
These engines are produced in the FGA's FMA (Fabbrica Motori Automobilistici) factory in Pratola Serra. It's an advanced factory, with a production capacity of 600,000 engines/year and producing both petrol and Diesel engines.
Started in 1993, it was developed to produce multiple engines with a single production line, sharing components between them.
In 2010 the Chinese GAC Group started production of 1.8 and 2.0 Alfa Romeo Twin Spark 16V configurations of the Pratola Serra modular engine branded as "VTML" in China. These engines constitute however unique configurations, mating the single spark plug cylinder head from the 1.8 16V VFD to the 1747 and 1970 Twin Spark engine blocks, the latter with balance shafts, while retaining the power levels of the Twin Spark 16V. While these engines have been phased out in the European market in favor of the 1.4 MultiAir Turbo gasoline engine, part of the smaller Fiat FIRE series, they have later been updated with dual variable valve timing (branded "DCVVT") and turbochargers, and are as of 2016 used in Trumpchi automobiles.
Engine blocks are produced in four- and five-cylinder versions with similar specs, usually made from cast iron, with five main bearings for the four cylinder versions and six main bearings for the five cylinder versions. Exceptions are the later version of the petrol 1742cc and the diesel 2143cc four-cylinder blocks, made from aluminum. They are developed to withstand turbocharging. Some versions have counter-rotating balance shafts to reduce vibrations. The aluminium pistons have graphite skirts to reduce internal engine friction.
Cylinder heads are made in aluminum alloy. Petrol versions have an integrated coolant pump and pentroof combustion chambers with an angle of 47° between valves. The turbodiesels have a different, flat combustion chamber design.
They usually have a DOHC valvetrain configuration with hydraulic tappets, driving four valves per cylinder. Exceptions are the 1.4 12V unit, also with hydraulic tappets but a SOHC valvetrain, driving three valves per cylinder, and the 1.9 8V and 2.4 10V turbodiesels, with a SOHC valvetrain with mechanical tappets, driving two valves per cylinder. The 1750 TBi gasoline and 16V Multijet diesel engines feature hydraulic tappets with roller rocker arms. Some versions feature variable valve timing (VVT). The camshafts are belt-driven.
In addition to VVT, some versions also feature variable-length intake manifold (VIS).
Earlier Alfa Romeo versions use the Twin Spark ignition system. There is also a version of the four cylinder 1970cc block using direct injection, used only in Alfa Romeo's vehicles, dubbed as JTS.
In Brazil, the 5-cylinder petrol engines equipped the Marea sedan and station wagon (Marea Weekend) lines between 1998 and 2006, including a 2.0 20V with deactivated VVT (125 PS) for lower taxation, 2.0 20V VVT (140 PS), 2.4 20V with VVT and VIS (157 PS) and a turbocharged 2.0 20V (180 PS) - detuned from the 220 PS version from Fiat Coupé. A slightly updated version of the 2.4 20V was also used on the Stilo Abarth with 165 PS.
| Displacement | Bore x Stroke | Cylinders | Cycle | Block alloy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1370cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 1598cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 1742cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | Early units: cast ironLater units: aluminum | |
| 1747cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 1970cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 1598cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | Cast iron | |
| 1910cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | Cast iron | |
| 1956cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | Cast iron | |
| 1998cc | NaNmm | 5 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 2143cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | Aluminum | |
| 2184cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | Cast iron | |
| 2446cc | NaNmm | 5 | Otto | Cast iron | |
| 2387cc | NaNmm | 5 | Diesel | Cast iron |
| Displacement | Bore x Stroke | Cylinders | Cycle | Configuration | Power output | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1742cc | NaNmm | 4 | Otto | 16V DOHC, dual VVT, turbocharged, gasoline direct injection, aluminum block in later versions | 240hp | |
| 1598cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | 16V DOHC, turbocharged, Multijet II common-rail injection | NaNhp | |
| 1956cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | 16V DOHC, turbocharged, Multijet II common-rail injection | NaNhp | |
| 2143cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | 16V DOHC, turbocharged, Multijet II common-rail injection, aluminum block | NaNhp | |
| 2184cc | NaNmm | 4 | Diesel | 16V DOHC, turbocharged, Multijet II common-rail injection | NaNhp |
| Petrol units | Type | Vehicles | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1370cc | 1.4 12V | Bravo I, Brava, Marea | |
| 1747cc | 1.8 16V 115PS | Bravo I, Brava, Marea | |
| 1747cc | 1.8 16V 131PS VFD | Punto II HGT, Barchetta, Coupé, Stilo, Brava HGT (South America) | |
| 1998cc | 2.0 20V NaNPS | Bravo I, Marea, Coupé | |
| 1998cc | 2.0 20V Turbo NaNPS | Marea (South America), Coupé | |
| 2446cc | 2.4 20V NaNPS | Marea (South America), Stilo Abarth | |
| Diesel units | Type | Vehicles | |
| 1598cc | 1.6 Multijet/Multijet II 16V | Grande Punto, Bravo II, Doblò, Linea, 500L, 500X, Tipo | |
| 1910cc | 1.9 D/TD/JTD/Multijet 8V/16V | Bravo I, Brava, Marea, Multipla, Palio, Strada, Punto, Stilo, Doblò, Idea, Grande Punto, Sedici, Bravo II | |
| 1956cc | 2.0 Multijet/Multijet II 16V | Bravo II, Sedici, Freemont, Doblò, Ducato | |
| 2.2 L (2,184 cc) | 2.2 Multijet III 16V | Ducato | |
| 2387cc | 2.4 TD/JTD/Multijet 10V/20V | Marea, Croma |
| Petrol units | Type | Vehicles | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1370cc | 1.4 12V | Ypsilon | |
| 1742cc | 1.8 Di T-Jet 16V | Delta III | |
| 1747cc | 1.8 16V 131PS VFD | Dedra, Delta II, Lybra | |
| 1998cc | 2.0 20V | Kappa, Lybra, Thesis | |
| 2446cc | 2.4 20V | Kappa, Lybra (Protecta), Thesis | |
| Diesel units | Type | Vehicles | |
| 1598cc | 1.6 Multijet 16V | Musa, Delta III | |
| 1910cc | 1.9 JTD/Multijet 8V/16V | Lybra, Musa, Delta III (twinturbo) | |
| 1956cc | 2.0 Multijet 16V | Delta III | |
| 2387cc | 2.4 TD/JTD/Multijet 10V/20V | Kappa, Lybra, Thesis |
| Petrol units | Type | Vehicles | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1370cc | 1.4 Twin Spark 16V | 145, 146 | |
| 1598cc | 1.6 Twin Spark 16V Eco 105hp | 147 | |
| 1598cc | 1.6 Twin Spark 16V 120hp | 155, 145, 146, 156, 147 | |
| 1742cc | 1750 TBi | 159, 4C, Giulietta, Brera, Nuova Spider | |
| 1747cc | 1.8 Twin Spark 16V | 155, 145, 146, GTV, Spider, 156, GT | |
| 1970cc | 2.0 Twin Spark 16V | 155, 145, 146, GTV, Spider, 156, 166, 147 | |
| 1970cc | 2.0 JTS | GTV, Spider, 156, GT | |
| Diesel units | Type | Vehicles | |
| 1598cc | 1.6 JTDm/JTDm2 16V | Mito, Giulietta | |
| 1910cc | 1.9 JTD/JTDm 8V/16V | 145, 146, 156, 147, GT, 159 | |
| 1956cc | 2.0 JTDm/JTDm2 16V | 159, Brera, Spider, Giulietta | |
| 2143cc | 2.2 JTDm2 16V | Giulia, Stelvio | |
| 2387cc | 2.4 JTD/JTDm 10V/20V | 166, 156, 159, Brera, Nuova Spider |
| Diesel units | Type | Vehicles | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1598cc | 1.6 Multijet II 16V | Renegade (BU) | |
| 1956cc | 2.0 Multijet 16V | Cherokee (KL), Renegade (BU) | |
| 2143cc | 2.2 Multijet II 16V | Wrangler (JL) | |
| 2184cc | 2.2 Multijet II 16V | Cherokee (KL) |
| Petrol units | Type | Vehicles |
|---|---|---|
| 1598cc | 1.6 16V DCVVT | Trumpchi GA3/GA3S, Trumpchi GA5, Trumpchi GA6 |
| 1747cc | 1.8 16V DCVVT | Trumpchi GA5, Trumpchi GA6, Trumpchi GS5 Super |
| 1970cc | 2.0 16V DCVVT | Trumpchi GA5, Trumpchi GS5 Super |
| Diesel units | Type | Vehicles |
| 1598cc | 1.6 Common Rail | Opel Combo D |
| 1910cc | 1.9 Common Rail | Opel Zafira, Saab 9-3, Cadillac BLS |
| 1956cc | 2.0 Common Rail | Opel Astra, Opel Insignia, MG Hector, Tata Harrier, Tata Safari |