Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology explained

Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology
Awarded For:Experimental and theoretical advancements in nanotechnology research
Presenter:Foresight Institute
Country:United States
Year:1993

The Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology is an award given by the Foresight Institute for significant advances in nanotechnology. Two prizes are awarded annually, in the categories of experimental and theoretical work. There is also a separate challenge award for making a nanoscale robotic arm and 8-bit adder.

Overview

The Feynman Prize consists of annual prizes in experimental and theory categories, as well as a one-time challenge award. They are awarded by the Foresight Institute, a nanotechnology advocacy organization. The prizes are named in honor of physicist Richard Feynman, whose 1959 talk There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom is considered by nanotechnology advocates to have inspired and informed the start of the field of nanotechnology.

The annual Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology is awarded for pioneering work in nanotechnology, towards the goal of constructing atomically precise products through molecular machine systems. Input on prize candidates comes from both Foresight Institute personnel and outside academic and commercial organizations. The awardees are selected mainly by an annually changing body of former winners and other academics. The prize is considered prestigious,[1] and authors of one study considered it to be reasonably representative of notable research in the parts of nanotechnology under its scope.[2]

The separate Feynman Grand Prize is a $250,000 challenge award to the first persons to create both a nanoscale robotic arm capable of precise positional control, and a nanoscale 8-bit adder, conforming to given specifications. It is intended to stimulate the field of molecular nanotechnology.[3] [4] [5]

History

The Feynman Prize was instituted in the context of Foresight Institute co-founder K. Eric Drexler's advocacy of funding for molecular manufacturing. The prize was first given in 1993. Before 1997, one prize was given biennially. From 1997 on, two prizes were given each year in theory and experimental categories. By awarding these prizes early in the history of the field, the prize increased awareness of nanotechnology and influenced its direction.[6] [7] [8]

The Grand Prize was announced in 1995 at the Fourth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology and was sponsored by James Von Ehr and Marc Arnold.[9] [10] In 2004, X-Prize Foundation founder Peter Diamandis was selected to chair the Feynman Grand Prize committee.

Recipients

Single prize

YearLaureateInstitutionScope of work
1993Charles MusgraveCalifornia Institute of TechnologyMolecular modelling of atomically precise manufacturing[11] [12]
1995Nadrian C. SeemanNew York UniversityDNA nanotechnology[13] [14]

Experimental category

YearLaureateInstitutionScope of work
1997James K. GimzewskiIBM Zurich Research LaboratoryScanning probe microscopy for atomically precise manufacturing[15]
Reto Schlittler
Christian JoachimCEMES/French National Centre for Scientific Research
1998M. Reza GhadiriScripps Research InstituteMolecular self-assembly[16] [17]
1999Phaedon AvourisIBM Watson Research CenterMolecular scale electronics using carbon nanotubes[18] [19] [20]
2000R. Stanley WilliamsHP LabsSwitches for molecular scale electronics[21]
Philip Kuekes
James R. HeathUniversity of California, Los Angeles
2001Charles M. LieberHarvard UniversitySynthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes[22]
2002Chad MirkinNorthwestern UniversitySpherical nucleic acid nanoparticles[23] [24]
2003Carlo MontemagnoUniversity of California, Los AngelesIntegration of biological molecular motors with silicon devices[25]
2004Homme HellingaDuke UniversityAtomically precise manufacturing[26]
2005Christian SchafmeisterUniversity of PittsburghSynthesis of designed macromolecules[27] [28]
2006Erik WinfreeCalifornia Institute of TechnologyDNA computing using algorithmic self-assembly[29]
Paul W. K. Rothemund
2007J. Fraser StoddartUniversity of California, Los AngelesSynthesis and assembly of molecular machines[30]
2008James TourRice UniversitySynthesis of nanocars and other molecular machines[31]
2009Yoshiaki SugimotoOsaka UniversityNon-contact atomic force microscopy for manipulation of single atoms[32] [33]
Masayuki Abe
Oscar CustanceJapanese National Institute for Materials Science
2010Masakazu AonoMANA Center, Japanese National Institute for Materials ScienceScanning probe microscopy for manipulation of atoms[34]
2011Leonhard GrillFritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyScanning probe microscopy for characterization and manipulation of molecules[35] [36]
2012Gerhard MeyerIBM Zurich Research LaboratoryImaging and manipulation of molecular orbitals using scanning probe microscopy[37]
Leo Gross
Jascha Repp
2013Alexander ZettlUniversity of California, BerkeleyNanoscale electromechanical systems[38]
2014Joseph W. LydingUniversity of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignHydrogen depassivation lithography using scanning tunneling microscopes[39]
2015Michelle Y. SimmonsUniversity of New South WalesFabrication of single-atom transistors[40] [41]
2016Franz J. GiessiblUniversity of RegensburgImaging and manipulation of individual atoms using scanning probe microscopy[42]
2017William ShihHarvard UniversityDNA nanotechnology[43]
2018Christopher LutzIBM Almaden Research CenterManipulating atoms and small molecules for data storage and computation[44]
Andreas J. HeinrichCenter for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science
2019Lulu QianCalifornia Institute of TechnologyMolecular robotics, self-assembly of DNA structures, and biochemical circuits[45]
2020Hao YanArizona State UniversityUse of DNA as designer molecular building blocks for programmable molecular self-assembly.[46]
2021Anne-Sophie DuwezUniversity of LiègeDeveloped tools and technologies to interface synthetic functional molecules with AFM to study their operation and her other single-molecule research.[47] [48]
2022Sergei V. KalininUniversity of TennesseeApplications of machine learning and artificial intelligence in nanotechnology, atomic fabrication, and materials discovery via scanning transmission electron microscopy, as well as mesoscopic studies of electrochemical, ferroelectric, and transport phenomena via scanning probe microscopy.[49] [50]
2023James J. CollinsMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyFor pioneering work on synthetic gene circuits that launched the field of synthetic biology and has enabled the development of programmable biomolecular tools for the life sciences, medicine and nanobiotechnology.[51]

Theory category

YearLaureateInstitutionScope of work
1997Charles BauschlicherNASA Ames Research CenterComputational nanotechnology[52]
Stephen Barnard
Creon Levit
Glenn Deardorff
Al Globus
Jie Han
Richard Jaffe
Alessandra Ricca
Marzio Rosi
Deepak Srivastava
H. Thuemmel
1998Ralph C. MerkleZyvexMolecular tools for atomically precise chemical reactions
Stephen WalchELORET Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center
1999William A. Goddard IIICalifornia Institute of TechnologyModeling of molecular machines
Tahir Cagin
Yue Qi
2000Uzi LandmanGeorgia Institute of TechnologyComputational materials science for nanostructures
2001Mark A. RatnerNorthwestern UniversityMolecular scale electronics
2002Don BrennerNorth Carolina State UniversityMolecular machines for molecular manufacturing
2003Marvin L. CohenUniversity of California, BerkeleyModeling of new materials
Steven G. Louie
2004David BakerUniversity of WashingtonDevelopment of RosettaDesign
Brian KuhlmanUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
2005Christian JoachimFrench National Centre for Scientific ResearchTheoretical tools and design principles for molecular machines
2006Erik WinfreeCalifornia Institute of TechnologyDNA computing
Paul W. K. Rothemund
2007David A. LeighUniversity of EdinburghDesign and synthesis of molecular machines
2008George C. SchatzNorthwestern UniversityModeling of dip-pen nanolithography, and of plasmon effects in metallic nanoparticles
2009Robert A. Freitas Jr.Institute for Molecular ManufacturingMechanosynthesis and systems design of molecular machines
2010Gustavo E. ScuseriaRice UniversityTools for modeling of carbon nanostructures
2011Raymond AstumianUniversity of MaineMolecular machines powered by Brownian motion
2012David SoloveichikUniversity of California, San FranciscoDNA computing using strand displacement cascades
2013David BeratanDuke UniversityFunctional supramolecular assemblies
2014Amanda BarnardAustralian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationCarbon nanostructure structure-function relationships
2015Markus J. BuehlerMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyMechanical simulations of materials
2016Bartosz GrzybowskiUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyModeling of the outcomes of organic reactions
2017Giovanni ZocchiUniversity of California, Los AngelesStress–strain analysis of soft nanoparticles
2018O. Anatole von LilienfeldUniversity of Basel, now University of ViennaMethods for fast quantum mechanical modelling
2019Giulia GalliUniversity of ChicagoThe development of theoretical and computational methods to predict and design, from first principles, the properties of nanostructured materials.
2020Massimiliano Di VentraUniversity of California, San DiegoQuantum transport in nanoscale and atomic systems; prediction of nanoscale phenomena which were later verified experimentally, studied memory effects in materials and devices.
2021Kendall N. HoukUCLAQuantum mechanical and molecular dynamics simulations which have elucidated structural and dynamical features of synthetic nanomachines.[53]
2022James R. ChelikowskyUniversity of TexasPioneered the use of computational approaches to understand and predict the properties of materials at the nanoscale.[54]
2023Alexandre TkatchenkoUniversity of LuxembourgFor pioneering the development of methods that seamlessly merge quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and machine learning to unravel the intricacies of complex molecules and materials.[55]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Heinze. Thomas. Shapira. Philip. Senker. Jacqueline. Kuhlmann. Stefan. 2007-01-01. Identifying creative research accomplishments: Methodology and results for nanotechnology and human genetics. Scientometrics. en. 70. 1. 125–152. 10.1007/s11192-007-0108-6. 0138-9130. 10419/28525. 10150814. free.
  2. Marcovich. Anne. Shinn. Terry. December 1, 2010. Socio/intellectual patterns in nanoscale research: Feynman Nanotechnology Prize laureates, 1993–2007. Social Science Information. 49. 4. 615–638. 10.1177/0539018410377581. 145573876.
  3. Web site: Diamandis to chair Feynman Grand Prize committee Solid State Technology. electroiq.com. en-US. 2018-05-01.
  4. Nicolau. D.E.. Phillimore. J.. Cross. R.. Nicolau. D.V. July 2000. Nanotechnology at the crossroads: the hard or the soft way?. Microelectronics Journal. 31. 7. 611–616. 10.1016/s0026-2692(00)00036-7. 0026-2692.
  5. Davidian. Ken. 2005. Prize Competitions and NASA's Centennial Challenges Program. International Lunar Conference. https://web.archive.org/web/20180519032658/http://sci.esa.int/Conferences/ILC2005/Manuscripts/DavidianK-01-DOC.pdf. 2018-05-19. dead. 2018-05-18.
  6. Book: Toward a New Dimension: Exploring the Nanoscale. Marcovich. Anne. Shinn. Terry. 2014. Oxford University Press. 9780198714613. en.
  7. Stallbaumer. Clayton. 2016. From Longitude to Altitude: Inducement Prize Contests as Instruments of Public Policy in Science and Technology. Journal of Law, Technology & Policy. 2006. 1. 117–158. University of Illinois. en-US.
  8. Book: Berube, David M.. Nano-Hype: The Truth Behind the Nanotechnology Buzz. Prometheus Books. 9781615922369. en. 2009-12-04.
  9. Stix. Gary. 1996. Waiting for Breakthroughs. 24989486. Scientific American. 274. 4. 94–99. 10.1038/scientificamerican0496-94. 1996SciAm.274d..94S.
  10. Book: Guthrie, Julian. How to Make a Spaceship: A Band of Renegades, an Epic Race, and the Birth of Private Space Flight. 2017-09-05. Penguin. 9781101980491. en.
  11. Web site: First Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded. Foresight Update. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 15 December 1993. 14 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514043334/http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update17/Update17.1.html#FirstAwarded. dead.
  12. Forrest. David R.. 1994-10-01. Third foresight conference on molecular nanotechnology. JOM. en. 46. 10. 28–29. 10.1007/BF03222604. 1994JOM....46j..28F. 138762186. 1047-4838.
  13. Web site: Phelps. Lewis M.. 1995 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded. Foresight Update. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 30 November 1995. https://web.archive.org/web/20120726185625/http://foresight.org/Updates/Update23/Update23.1.html#anchor415574. 26 July 2012. dead.
  14. Book: Pelesko. John A.. Self Assembly: The Science of Things That Put Themselves Together. 2007. CRC Press. 9781584886884. 201. en.
  15. Web site: 1997 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded to Teams at IBM Zurich and at NASA Ames. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 14 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514043317/http://www.foresight.org/about/1997Feynman.html. dead.
  16. Web site: 1998 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 14 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514042810/http://www.foresight.org/about/1998Feynman.html. dead.
  17. Swaine. Michael. March 1999. Little Engines That Could. Dr. Dobb's Journal.
  18. Web site: 1999 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 1 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140501030023/http://www.foresight.org/about/1999Feynman.html. dead.
  19. Collins. Philip G.. Avouris. Phaedon. December 2000. Nanotubes for Electronics. Scientific American. 283. 6. 62–69. 10.1038/scientificamerican1200-62. 11103460. 2000SciAm.283f..62C.
  20. News: Nanotechnology's Power Brokers. Wolfe. Josh. March 2003. Forbes/Wolfe Nanotech Report. 2018-05-19. en.
  21. Web site: 2000 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 25 August 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120825012323/http://www.foresight.org/about/2000Feynman.html. dead.
  22. Web site: 2001 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081925/http://foresight.org/about/2001Feynman.html. dead.
  23. Web site: 2002 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081248/http://foresight.org/about/2002Feynman.html. dead.
  24. News: Nanoscience community honors its own. Burnell. Scott R.. 2002-10-13. UPI. 2018-05-18. en.
  25. Web site: 2003 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081210/http://foresight.org/about/2003Feynman.html. dead.
  26. Web site: 2004 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011.
  27. Web site: 2005 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081809/http://foresight.org/about/2005Feynman.html. dead.
  28. News: Pittsburgh Post-Gazette from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 21, 2005 · Page 8. Newspapers.com. 2018-05-13. en.
  29. Web site: 2006 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 7 March 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110307151544/http://www.foresight.org/about/2006Feynman.html. dead.
  30. Web site: 2007 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081822/http://foresight.org/about/2007Feynman.html. dead.
  31. Web site: 2008 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 10 April 2011. 16 December 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081144/http://foresight.org/about/2008Feynman.html. dead.
  32. Web site: 2009 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 6 October 2009. 10 April 2011. 29 July 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110729033137/http://www.foresight.org/about/2009Feynman.html. dead.
  33. Web site: Air Force-Funded Researcher Wins Feynman Prize for Experimental Work in Nanotechnology. 2009-10-19. AZoNano.com. en. 2018-05-17.
  34. Web site: 2010 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 20 December 2010. 10 April 2011. 8 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110508163154/http://www.foresight.org/about/2010Feynman.html. dead.
  35. Web site: 2011 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 16 October 2012. 20 October 2012. 1 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130201135647/http://www.foresight.org/about/2011Feynman.html. dead.
  36. Champness. Neil R.. March 2013. Illuminating Feynman's vision. Nature Nanotechnology. En. 8. 3. 163–164. 10.1038/nnano.2013.28. 23459553. 1748-3387.
  37. Web site: 2012 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 18 December 2012. 18 December 2012. 1 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130201135722/http://www.foresight.org/about/2012Feynman.html. dead.
  38. Web site: 2013 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 23 January 2014. 25 January 2014. 31 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140131081918/http://www.foresight.org/about/2013Feynman.html. dead.
  39. Web site: 2014 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. Foresight Nanotech Institute. 23 April 2015. 5 May 2015. 13 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150613144140/https://www.foresight.org/about/2014Feynman.html. dead.
  40. Web site: 2015 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. 2016-05-23. Foresight Institute. 2016-06-02.
  41. Web site: Michelle Simmons: a quantum queen. Finkel. Elizabeth. 2016-09-26. Cosmos Magazine. en. 2018-05-08.
  42. Web site: 2016 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. 2016-10-03. Foresight Institute. 2016-10-22.
  43. Web site: 2017 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize. foresight.org. 2018-05-17. 2018-05-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20180517153630/http://foresight.org/about/2017Feynman.html. dead.
  44. News: Foresight Institute Awards Feynman Prizes in Nanotechnology to Lutz, Heinrich, and von Lilienfeld; awards presented by Nobelist, Sir Fraser Stoddart & Jonathan Barnes. 2018-05-23. Foresight Institute. 2018-05-30.
  45. Web site: Foresight Institute, IIN, and Stoddart Group host Workshop on Nanotechnologies. Bosoy. Aleksandr. 2019-09-23. Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group. 2019-09-27.
  46. News: Foresight Institute Awards 2020 Feynman Prizes in Nanotechnology to Yan, Di Ventra. 2020-12-04. Foresight Institute. 2021-01-01.
  47. News: Foresight Institute Announces 2021 Feynman Prize Winners in Nanotechnology to Duwez, Houk & Feng. 2021-09-30. Foresight Institute. 2022-01-24.
  48. Web site: Anne-Sophie Duwez, winner of the Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology. 2022-01-24. www.sciences.uliege.be. 10 December 2021 . en.
  49. News: Foresight Institute Announces 2022 Feynman Prize Winners. 2022-11-01. Foresight Institute. 2023-07-05.
  50. Web site: Foresight Institute Honors Kalinin with Prestigious Feynman Prize. 2022-11-17. 2022-01-24. www.sciences.uliege.be. en.
  51. Web site: Foresight Institute Announces 2023 Feynman Prize Winners. 2023-11-03.
  52. Book: Simulation: Pragmatic Constructions of Reality. Lenhard. Johannes. Küppers. Günter. Shinn. Terry. 2007-05-16. Springer Science & Business Media. 9781402053757. en.
  53. Web site: 2021 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize for Theory.
  54. Web site: James Chelikowsky Wins Feynman Prize. 2022-10-31. 2023-07-05.
  55. Web site: Foresight Institute Announces 2023 Feynman Prize Winners. 2023-11-03.