Fernando J. Corbató Explained

Birth Name:Fernando José Corbató
Birth Date:1 July 1926
Birth Place:Oakland, California, U.S.
Death Place:Newburyport, Massachusetts, U.S.
Alma Mater:California Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Thesis Title:A calculation of the energy bands of the graphite crystal by means of the tight-binding method
Thesis Year:1956
Doctoral Advisor:John C. Slater
Doctoral Students:Jerome H. Saltzer
Known For:Multics
Field:Computer scientist
Work Institution:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Prizes:Turing Award (1990)
Computer History Museum Fellow (2012)[1]

Fernando José "Corby" Corbató (July 1, 1926 – July 12, 2019)[2] was an American computer scientist, notable as a pioneer in the development of time-sharing operating systems.

Career

Corbató was born on July 1, 1926, in Oakland, California,[2] to Hermenegildo Corbató, a Spanish literature professor from Villarreal, Spain, and Charlotte (née Carella Jensen) Corbató.[2] In 1930, the Corbató family moved to Los Angeles for Hermenegildo's job at the University of California, Los Angeles.

In 1943, Corbató enrolled at UCLA, but due to World War II he was recruited by the Navy during his first year. During the war, Corbató "debug[ged] an incredible array of equipment", inspiring his future career.

Corbató left the Navy in 1946, enrolled at the California Institute of Technology, and received a bachelor's degree in physics in 1950. He then earned a PhD in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956. He joined MIT's Computation Center immediately upon graduation, became a professor in 1965, and stayed at MIT until he retired.[3]

The first time-sharing system he was associated with was known as the MIT Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS), an early version of which was demonstrated in 1961.[4] Corbató is credited with the first use of passwords to secure access to files on a large computer system, though he later claimed that this rudimentary security method had proliferated and became unmanageable.[5]

The experience with developing CTSS led to a second project, Multics, which was adopted by General Electric for its high-end computer systems (later acquired by Honeywell). Multics pioneered many concepts now used in modern operating systems, including a hierarchical file system, ring-oriented security, access control lists, single-level store, dynamic linking, and extensive on-line reconfiguration for reliable service. Multics, while not particularly commercially successful in itself, directly inspired Ken Thompson to develop Unix, the direct descendants of which are still in extremely wide use; Unix also served as a direct model for many other subsequent operating system designs.

Awards

Among many awards, Corbató received the Turing Award in 1990, "for his pioneering work in organizing the concepts and leading the development of the general-purpose, large-scale, time-sharing and resource-sharing computer systems".

In 2012, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for his pioneering work on timesharing and the Multics operating system".[6]

Legacy

Corbató is sometimes known for "Corbató's Law" which states:[7]

Corbató is recognized as helping to create the first computer password.[8]

Personal life and death

Corbató married programmer Isabel Blandford in 1962; she died in 1973.[3]

Corbató had a second wife, Emily (née Gluck); two daughters, Carolyn Corbató Stone and Nancy Corbató, by his late wife Isabel; two step-sons, David Gish and Jason Gish; a brother, Charles; and five grandchildren.[3]

Corbató lived on Temple Street in West Newton, Massachusetts. He died on July 12, 2019, in Newburyport, Massachusetts, at the age of 93 due to complications from diabetes.[3]

Publications

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Fernando,Corbato/ Fernando Corbato 2012 Fellow
  2. Web site: Fernando Corbato - A.M. Turing Award Laureate . 2024-01-12 . amturing.acm.org . 2021-10-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211029111126/https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/corbato_1009471.cfm . live .
  3. Web site: Hafner . Katie . Fernando Corbató, a Father of Your Computer (and Your Password), Dies at 93 . The New York Times . 13 July 2019 . July 12, 2019 . 13 July 2019 . https://archive.today/20190713110254/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/science/fernando-corbato-dead.html . live .
  4. Book: Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution - 25th Anniversary Edition. 2010. O'Reilly Media. 978-1449388393. 1st. Sebastopol, CA. 85–102. Winners and Losers. Levy. Steven.
  5. News: Despite Data Thefts, The Password Endures. Wall Street Journal. May 22, 2014. Warnock. Eleanor. Pfanner. Eric.
  6. Web site: Fernando Corbato . Computer History Museum . 2013-05-23 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120403000901/http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Fernando,Corbato/ . 2012-04-03.
  7. Originally from Corbató . F. J. . 6 May 1969 . PL/I as a Tool for System Programming . Datamation . 15 . 5 . 68–76 . Regardless of whether one is dealing with assembly language or compiler language, the number of debugged lines of source code per day is about the same! . https://web.archive.org/web/20080206153039/http://home.nycap.rr.com/pflass/PLI/plisprg.html . 6 February 2008.
  8. News: Yadron. Danny. Man Behind the First Computer Password: It's Become a Nightmare. The Wall Street Journal. 21 May 2014. The Wall Street Journal. 15 June 2015. 9 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150609230915/http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/05/21/the-man-behind-the-first-computer-password-its-become-a-nightmare/. live.