Fernando Alonso Explained
| Fernando Alonso |
| Birth Name: | Fernando Alonso Díaz |
| Birth Date: | 29 July 1981 |
| Birth Place: | Oviedo, Asturias, Spain |
| Module: | | Embed: | yes | | Nationality: |  Spanish | | 2024 Team: | Aston Martin Aramco-Mercedes[1] | | Car Number: | 14 | | Races: | (starts) | | Championships: | 2 | | Last Season: | 2023 | | Last Position: | 4th (206 pts) |
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| Module2: | | Embed: | yes | | Car Number: | 8 | | Starts: | 8 | | Championships: | 1 (2018–19) | | Wins: | 5 | | Poles: | 4 |
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| Module3: | |
| Module4: | | Embed: | yes | | Years: | – | | Best Finish: | 1st | | Class Wins: | 2 |
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| Module5: | | Child: | yes | | Signature: | FernandoAlonsoSignature.svg | | Signature Alt: | Fernando Alonso signature |
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Fernando Alonso Díaz (pronounced as /es/; born 29 July 1981) is a Spanish racing driver currently competing for Aston Martin in Formula One. He won the series' World Drivers' Championship in and with Renault, and has also driven for Minardi, McLaren, Ferrari, and Alpine. With Toyota, Alonso won the 24 Hours of Le Mans twice, in and, and the FIA World Endurance Championship in 2018–19. He also won the 24 Hours of Daytona with Wayne Taylor Racing in 2019. As of 2024, Alonso is the only driver to win both the F1 World Drivers' Championship and the World Endurance Championship, even if the World Sportscar Championship is included in WEC.[2] [3]
Born in Oviedo, Asturias to a working-class family, Alonso began kart racing at the age of three and achieved success in local, national, and world championships. He progressed to car racing at the age of 17, winning the Euro Open by Nissan in 1999 and was fourth in the International Formula 3000 Championship of 2000. He debuted in Formula One with Minardi in before joining Renault as a test driver for . Promoted to a race seat in, Alonso won two drivers' championships in 2005 and 2006, becoming the youngest pole-sitter, youngest race winner, youngest world champion, and youngest two-time champion in the sport's history at the time. After finishing just one point behind eventual champion Kimi Räikkönen with McLaren in, he returned to Renault for and and won two races in the former year for fifth overall. Alonso drove for Ferrari from to, finishing runner-up to Sebastian Vettel in 2010,, and with the title battles in 2010 and 2012 going down to the last race of the season. A second stint with McLaren (this time with Honda engines) from to resulted in no further success. Alonso retired from Formula One at the end of 2018, but would return to the sport in with the newly organized Alpine F1 Team. At the 2021 Qatar Grand Prix, Alonso scored his first podium in seven years. At the 2022 Singapore Grand Prix, he broke the record for most starts in Formula One. Alonso moved to Aston Martin for the 2023 season, where he saw great success at the beginning of the season, with six podium finishes in the first eight races. At the 2023 Saudi Arabian Grand Prix, Alonso scored his 100th podium by finishing third, becoming one of six drivers in the series' history to achieve that feat.
Alonso has won Grands Prix, earned pole positions, and scored points from starts. He is currently the only Spanish Formula One driver to have won the World Championship. Until Carlos Sainz's maiden win at the 2022 British Grand Prix, Alonso was the only Spaniard to win a Formula One Grand Prix. Alonso won the 2001 Race of Champions Nations Cup with the rally driver Jesús Puras and the motorcyclist Rubén Xaus for Team Spain and thrice entered the Indianapolis 500 in 2017, 2019 and 2020. He has been awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for Sports, the Premios Nacionales del Deporte Sportsman of the Year Award and the Gold Medal of the Royal Order of Sports Merit and has twice been inducted into the FIA Hall of Fame. Alonso runs an esports and junior racing team and is a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.
Early life and karting career
Alonso was born on 29 July 1981 to a working-class family in Oviedo, Asturias, Northern Spain.[4] [5] He is the son of the mine shaft explosives factory mechanic and amateur kart driver José Luis Alonso,[5] [6] and his wife, the department store employee Ana Díaz.[7] Alonso has an elder sister, Lorena, who is a doctor.
He was educated at the Holy Guardian Angel Primary School (Spanish: Santo Ángel de la Guarda) in Oviedo from 1985 to 1995 under the Basic Education System (Spanish: Educación General Básica). Alonso attended the Institute Leopoldo Alas Clarín of San Lazaro (Spanish: Instituto Leopoldo Alas Clarín de San Lázaro) until his career in motor racing caused him to leave during his Curso de Orientación Universitaria (English: University Orientation Course) in 2000. He was granted a permit to study away from school, after he disobeyed his mother's orders and seldom attended classes. He achieved a good academic performance by asking his classmates for notes and was unproblematic.[8] [9]
Alonso's father wanted a hobby to share with his children and built a go-kart for Lorena. She was uninterested in karting and a three-year-old Alonso received the kart.[10] The kart's pedals were modified for drive-ability,[5] and the local racing federation granted him a mandatory kart racing license aged five; his father rejected an offer for his son to be a goalkeeper for the RC Celta de Vigo football club.[11] The family lacked the finances required to develop him in karts; they could not purchase rain tyres and forced Alonso to adapt to a wet track on slick tyres.[12] Alonso devised three timing sectors going to school to improve himself daily.[13] His mother sewed his racing overalls and adjusted them as he grew;[14] she also ensured Alonso was academically well off. His father steered the kart early on and was his accountant, counsellor, manager and mechanic.[15]
Aged seven, Alonso won his first kart race in Pola de Laviana.[16] He won the 1988 and 1989 children's junior Championship of the Asturias and Galicia, and progressed to the Cadet class in 1990.[17] [18] Go-kart importer Genís Marcó was impressed by Alonso and mentored him; kart track owner José Luis Echevarria told him about Alonso. Marcó found personal and sponsorship money for Alonso's family to defray financial concerns and allow him to enter European series.[19] [20] He spoke to the six-time Karting World Champion Mike Wilson, who gave Alonso a test session at a track in Parma. Marcó taught Alonso to be conservative and maintain the condition of a kart.[21]
Alonso won the 1990 Asturias and the Basque Country Cadet Championship and finished second in the 1991 Spanish Cadet National Championship. The local karting federation allowed him to enter the 100cc class because he was deemed underage to drive more powerful machinery. At a Catalan Karting Championship meet in Móra d'Ebre, Marcó asked Alonso if he wanted to enter the Spanish Karting Championship.[20] Wilson mentored Alonso; he joined the Italian American Motor Engineering works team in 1993. Alonso won three successive Spanish Junior National Championships from 1993 to 1995.
The results allowed him to progress to the world championships. Alonso was third at the 1995 Commission Internationale de Karting (CIK-FIA) Cadets' Rainbow Trophy. Alonso was a mechanic to younger kart drivers to earn money. He won his fourth Spanish Junior Karting Championship, the Trofeo Estival, the Marlboro Masters, and the CIK-FIA 5 Continents Juniors Cup at the Karting Genk in 1996. In 1997, he took the Italian and Spanish International A championships and was second in the European Championship with nine wins, the Masters Karting Paris Bercy and the Spanish Karting Championship.
Motor racing career
Junior racing career
Aged 17, Alonso made his car racing debut in the 1999 Euro Open by Nissan with Campos Motorsport, winning the title from Manuel Gião at the final race of the season with six wins and nine pole positions. For 2000, he progressed to the higher-tier International Formula 3000 Championship with the Minardi-backed Team Astromega, after a sponsorship agreement with driver Robert Lechner fell through.[22] Alonso finished second at the Hungaroring and won the season-ending round at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps for fourth overall with 17 points.
Formula One
Minardi and Renault (2001–2006)
Cesare Fiorio, the sports director, gave Alonso a test in a Formula One (F1) car at the Circuito de Jerez in December 1999, as part of the Euro Open by Nissan's organising company RPM's agreement to give its series champion an opportunity to test at a higher level.[23] He was Minardi's test and reserve driver in before joining its race team in . In a non-competitive car,[24] Alonso's best result of the season was a tenth-place finish in the and scored no points for 23rd overall.
He signed as Renault's test driver for per the orders of manager Flavio Briatore to familiarise himself with the team and improve himself for the future.[25] Alonso worked with the engineering department to improve Giancarlo Fisichella's and Jenson Button's performance,[26] and tested in Spain and the United Kingdom.[27] He drove a Jaguar in an evaluation session against test drivers André Lotterer and James Courtney at the Silverstone Circuit in May 2002.[28] Alonso was promoted to the Renault race team for . He went on to break the records of youngest driver to win a pole position at the season's second race, the, and broke Bruce McLaren's record as the youngest F1 race winner at the later in the year.[29] He achieved four podium finishes in 2003 and was sixth in the World Drivers' Championship with 55 points.
He remained with Renault for .[30] Alonso had an improved season: he finished the season-opening in third position and took three more podium finishes that year. He took pole position for the but achieved no race victories en route to fourth in the World Drivers' Championship with 59 points. Alonso stayed at Renault for . He duelled with McLaren driver Kimi Räikkönen for the World Championship in 2005 due to regulation changes prohibiting teams from changing tyres during a race and requiring engines to last for two races before they could be changed. Alonso's car was more reliable than Räikkönen's albeit lacking in speed.[31] Alonso eclipsed Emerson Fittipaldi as the youngest World Drivers' Champion, having won seven victories, six pole positions and fourteen podium finishes for 133 points altogether.
He signed a contract extension with Renault for in April 2005.[32] Bookmakers installed Alonso as the favourite to retain the Drivers' Championship.[33] His primary competition was Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher.[34] Alonso won six of the first nine races and finished no lower than second to lead the championship with 84 out of a possible 90 points. An Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA; F1's governing body)-imposed ban on Renault's tuned mass damper device to slow Alonso and an increase of development into Schumacher's Ferrari for competitiveness saw the two tied on points entering the season's penultimate round, the . Alonso won the race as Schumacher retired due to an engine failure whilst leading. He needed to score one point at the season-ending for a second title.[35] Alonso won the championship by finishing second and was Formula 1's youngest double World Champion.
McLaren and second stint with Renault (2007–2009)
He and McLaren team owner Ron Dennis met secretly in Japan after Dennis talked to Alonso about driving for the team in the future and Alonso expressed interest in the idea. Both men agreed to a three-year contract for Alonso to drive for McLaren starting from .[36] [37] Alonso's contract with Renault expired on 31 December 2006, and he was not granted an early release for sponsorship reasons.[38] Renault allowed Alonso to make his first appearance for McLaren in a test session at the Circuito de Jerez in November 2006.[39] His main competitors in 2007 were his teammate Lewis Hamilton and Räikkönen at Ferrari. Alonso achieved four Grand Prix victories in Malaysia, Monaco, Europe and Italy and led the championship until Hamilton overtook him.[40] Prior to the season's final round, the, he had 103 championship points to Räikkönen's 100 and Hamilton's 107, and needed to win the race and for his teammate to finish third or lower for his third title.[41] Alonso finished the event third for third overall with 109 points. He had the same number of points as Hamilton; the tie was broken on count-back as Hamilton finished second more often than Alonso.[42]
Throughout the season, Alonso and Hamilton were involved in a number of incidents, such as the espionage scandal and the flare-up during qualifying for the when Hamilton disobeyed a team instruction, thus disadvantaging Alonso, and Alonso responded by delaying Hamilton in the pit lane.[43] The tensions culminated in Alonso and McLaren terminating their contract by mutual consent in November.[44] Alonso was forbidden from joining a team whom McLaren considered their primary challengers for .[45] After rejecting offers from several teams,[46] he signed a two-year contract to rejoin Renault from 2008 because of the manufacturer's long-term commitment to F1 and on-track record.[47] [48] Alonso's car lacked power early on due to an imposed moratorium in development and he scored nine points in the first seven races.[49] He was thereafter able to improve his performance later due to aerodynamic developments to the car's and won in Singapore and Japan; the former race saw Renault order his teammate Nelson Piquet Jr. to crash deliberately and trigger the deployment of the safety car in what became known as "crashgate". Alonso scored more points than any other driver in the final five races with 43.[50] He scored 61 points for fifth in the Drivers' Championship.
Alonso was due to become a free agent for if Renault were lower than third in the Constructors' Championship.[51] After offers from Red Bull Racing and Honda,[52] he re-signed to Renault on a two-year contract.[53] His car proved to be noncompetitive because it lacked a dual diffuser system and outright speed.[54] Alonso eschewed an aerodynamic front wing mandated in an attempt to make overtaking more possible since he did not believe it would help him. He scored points in eight races and achieved one podium finish: a third-place at the .[55] Alonso won pole position for the and led the first 12 laps before he retired following an incorrectly fitted right-front wheel.[56] Alonso was ninth in the Drivers' Championship with 26 points, his lowest placing since he came sixth in 2003; he maintained his reputation as one of F1's best drivers.
Ferrari (2010–2014)
Alonso agreed with Ferrari president Luca Cordero di Montezemolo to drive for Ferrari in 2009, but team principal Jean Todt extended the contracts of both Felipe Massa and Räikkönen to .[57] Alonso obtained a mid-2009 agreement to drive for Ferrari from on but it was moved to 2010 after Renault were investigated for race fixing in Singapore and Räikkönen was released from the team.[58] McLaren's Hamilton and Button and Red Bull's of Sebastian Vettel and Mark Webber were Alonso's main championship competition.[59] He won five races that season and entered the season-ending leading by eight points after being 47 behind mid-season following errors. Alonso finished runner-up to Vettel after finishing seventh thereby losing 19 points to Vettel who won the race.[60]
His 2011 season was mixed: his car was built conservatively and lacked aerodynamic grip and tyre handling in qualifying.[61] He extracted additional pace from his car to claim ten podium finishes and win the after a strategy error from Red Bull. His best qualification of the year was a second at the and he out-qualified his teammate Massa fifteen times over the course of the season. Alonso was fourth overall with 257 points; he was in contention to finish second to eventual champion Vettel following a series of strong finishes until Webber won the season-ending .[62]
Ahead of, Alonso extended his contract with Ferrari until .[63] His main competition for the title in 2012 was Vettel.[64] Wins in Malaysia, Valencia and Germany and consistent points-scoring finishes allowed him to build a 40-point lead in the Drivers' Championship. Thereafter start-line collisions, a mechanical failure and an improved performance for Vettel eliminated Alonso's points lead.[65] [66] Alonso entered the season-ending 13 points behind Vettel and needed to finish third and for Vettel not to score points for a third championship. He was second and Vettel finished fourth, despite spinning on the opening lap, resigning Alonso to be runner-up for the second time in his career on 278 points.
To begin, Alonso drove an aggressively designed car allowing him to win in China and Spain and consistently scored points.[67] He was slower than Vettel after a change of tyre compound at the and front and rear bodywork components intended to improve his car's performance were ineffective.[68] With 242 points, Alonso was second for the third time in his career. His relationship with Ferrari cooled due to his perception the team could not construct a title-winning car.[69]
Alonso's 2014 season saw him achieve no race wins because his car was less powerful than the championship-winning Mercedes but took third in the and second in the . Alonso fell to sixth in the Drivers' Championship with 161 points. He qualified faster than his teammate Räikkönen 16 times by an average of more than second per lap in 2014.
Return to McLaren (2015–2019)
Alonso had severe disagreements with team principal Marco Mattiacci in 2014 and left Ferrari after contract negotiations to remain at the team fell through. He rejoined McLaren on a three-year contract from to with no opt-out clauses.[70] An accident during a pre-season test session at Spain's Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in February 2015 saw Alonso sustain a concussion and he was replaced by reserve driver Kevin Magnussen for the season-opening .[71] He endured a difficult season: his car's Honda engine was under-powered and overall speed leaving him vulnerable to being passed.[72] Alonso scored points twice in 2015: a tenth in the and a fifth in the for 17th in the Drivers' Championship with 11 points. He was dissatisfied with a slow pace, which became evident after multiple radio complaints that year.[73] [74]
Despite the unreliable and noncompetitive car,[75] Alonso remained with McLaren for .[76] Injuries from a heavy crash with Esteban Gutiérrez at the season-opening caused him to miss the on medical grounds and was replaced by reserve driver Stoffel Vandoorne.[77] He qualified better than teammate Button fifteen times and scored points nine times, which included two fifth-place finishes in the and the . He was tenth in the Drivers' Championship with 54 points.
Alonso stayed at McLaren in,[78] but poor reliability affected his season, particularly during the early rounds, and his best finish was a sixth place in the . After three consecutive top-ten finishes, Alonso finished 15th in the Drivers' Championship with 17 points.
Following contract negotiations with the McLaren CEO Zak Brown,[79] Alonso signed a multi-year extension with McLaren on 19 October 2017.[80] He finished fifth at the season-opening 2018 and took nine top-ten finishes. Alonso out-qualified his teammate Stoffel Vandoorne at every race and drove quickly and aggressively. He became increasingly annoyed with certain drivers and his commitment to F1 waned after McLaren stopped developing their car to focus on .[81] [82] Alonso was 11th in the Drivers' Championship with 50 points, and left the sport as a driver at the end of the 2018 season, citing a perceived lack of on-track racing, the predictability of results and felt discussions away from racing about the broadcast of radio transmissions and polemics harmed the series.[83]
He remained at McLaren as a brand ambassador to aid and advise drivers and drove in select test sessions to develop their cars. Alonso drove the MCL34 during a two-day in-season post-race Bahrain test in April 2019 to develop tyres for Pirelli.[84] No further runs were planned for him and McLaren focused on their current drivers.[85] Alonso's ambassador contract with McLaren expired at the end of 2019, and was not renewed for 2020.[86]
Alpine (2021–2022)
Alonso was signed to drive for Alpine F1 Team for the season,[87] alongside Esteban Ocon, with Renault having rebranded the team under its new name. In preparation for his F1 return, Alonso performed four testing days driving the Renault R.S.18 and was quickest in the post-2020 season young driver's test driving the Renault R.S.20 for Renault.[88] [89] In his first race with Alpine at the 2021 Bahrain Grand Prix, Alonso was forced to retire after plastic debris entered his brake duct.[90] At the 2021 Emilia Romagna Grand Prix he finished in 11th after qualifying 15th,[91] with teammate Ocon finishing ahead in tenth, but both were upgraded one position after Kimi Räikkönen was penalised, giving Alonso his first points of the season.[92]
In Hungary, Alonso temporarily led the race before he made a pit stop and fell to fourth, ahead of Lewis Hamilton. Teammate Ocon credited Alonso's defence against Hamilton with enabling him to achieve his first race victory.[93] In August 2021, Alonso invoked an option to extend his contract for the season.[94] Alonso scored points in multiple races following the summer break, finishing sixth in the Netherlands,[95] eighth in Italy,[96] sixth in Russia, having run in third in Russia before being forced to pit under wet conditions,[97] and third in Qatar. His third-place finish at Qatar was his first podium finish since the 2014 Hungarian Grand Prix.
For the 2022 season, Alonso remained with Alpine.[98] Alonso achieved his highest start driving for Alpine during wet qualifying for the Canadian Grand Prix, starting in second, but had to endure questionable strategies and an engine issue that developed during the race. He dropped down to seventh, and furthermore, received a post-race time penalty that dropped him down to ninth.[99]
Aston Martin (2023–)
Alonso joined Aston Martin on a multi-year deal in alongside Lance Stroll.[100] He joined the team because he wanted a multi-year contract extension, and Alpine was only willing to give him one more year in F1.[101]
On his Aston Martin debut at the 2023 Bahrain Grand Prix, Alonso, benefitting from the much-improved machinery of the Aston Martin AMR23, recovered from a first-lap contact with his teammate Lance Stroll without any damage and went on to finish in 3rd place, securing a podium finish and Aston's first since Sebastian Vettel's podium at the 2021 Azerbaijan Grand Prix (the German would finish second at the 2021 Hungarian Grand Prix but would be disqualified due to insufficient fuel sample).[102] Despite having to serve a penalty due to his car being off-position at the starting grid, he finished in third again at the following race at the 2023 Saudi Arabian Grand Prix; this marked his 100th podium, making him the sixth driver to have scored 100 podiums in his career. Following the race, he was issued another ten-second penalty due to serving the first one improperly at his pit stop, dropping him to fourth behind George Russell;[103] however, the team's appeal was accepted and the second penalty was reversed, keeping his podium.[104]
Alonso finished in third once again after a chaotic Australian Grand Prix; the third and final restart of the session saw his car make contact with the Ferrari of Carlos Sainz Jr., causing the latter driver to receive a five-second penalty; due to this, Sainz would be classified in last place out of the finishing cars. Alonso's car was undamaged.[105] Alonso agreed with Sainz's criticisms of the penalty, stating that it was "too harsh".[106] The Aston Martins were plagued with DRS issues during qualification of the Azerbaijan Grand Prix, going on to qualify eighth in the new "sprint shootout" qualification[107] and sixth for the main qualification session;[108] he would finish sixth in the sprint race,[109] and fourth in the main race.[110] It was at this point in time the car had dropped in performance, failing to secure podiums on a consistent basis, though he took two podium finishes at Zandvoort,[111] where he recorded his first fastest lap since the 2017 Hungarian Grand Prix,[112] and São Paulo; the latter instance edging out Sergio Pérez by 0.053 seconds.[113] After a seventh-place finish at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, Alonso ended the season fourth in the standings, scoring 206 points against his teammate Stroll's 74. Alonso's fourth position in the standings was his highest finish since .
Endurance racing
Alonso made his sports car endurance racing debut at the 1999 24 Hours of Barcelona. Paired with Antonio García, Salvi Delmuns and the journalist Pedro Fermín Flores, the quartet finished third in the M10 class and tenth overall in a Hyundai Accent.[114] Alonso was due to enter the 2015 24 Hours of Le Mans with Porsche's Le Mans Prototype 1 team before Honda blocked it.[115]
WeatherTech SportsCar Championship (2018–2019)
Alonso drove a Ligier JS P217 entered by United Autosports in the 2018 24 Hours of Daytona as preparation for the 24 Hours of Le Mans.[116] Alonso, Philip Hanson and McLaren reserve driver Lando Norris qualified 13th and finished 38th after multiple mechanical issues affected the car during the race.[117] Alonso returned to race in the 2019 24 Hours of Daytona with Wayne Taylor Racing. He shared a Cadillac DPi-V.R with Kamui Kobayashi, Renger van der Zande and Jordan Taylor. The quartet completed 593 laps to win the rain-shortened event.[118]
FIA World Endurance Championship (2018–2019)
Brown discussed an entry for the 2018 24 Hours of Le Mans with Alonso and was prepared to consent to a switch to another team if certain circumstances were met.[119] Alonso and Toyota held talks and agreed to compete in the 24 Hours of Le Mans.[120] He visited Toyota's factory in Cologne for a seat fitting in a TS050 Hybrid in November 2017.[121] Toyota entered Alonso into a post-season rookie test at the Bahrain International Circuit later that month.[122] In January 2018, McLaren and Toyota reached an agreement to allow Alonso to enter the full 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship.[123] He joined Sébastien Buemi and Kazuki Nakajima in Toyota's 8 TS050 Hybrid.[124] Alonso drove a 2018 TS050 Hybrid in a three-day test session at the Ciudad del Motor de Aragón in February and drove with no artificial lights in a 24-hour kart race as preparation.[125] [126] He, Buemi and Nakajima won the LMP1 Drivers' Championship with five victories including the 2018 24 Hours of Le Mans and the 2019 24 Hours of Le Mans over the eight round season, though this was enhanced by their teammates Mike Conway, Kamui Kobayashi and José María López suffering a sensor issue while leading the 2019 6 Hours of Spa and then suffering a puncture while comfortably leading the 2019 24 Hours of Le Mans with an hour remaining.[127] [128] [129] [130] Alonso left the series at the end of the season.[131]
IndyCar Series
McLaren Honda Andretti (2017)
Before the 2017 Australian Grand Prix, Zak Brown said to Alonso they should enter the 2017 Indianapolis 500 to which Alonso suggested he was joking. The idea later re-emerged in a conservation in Los Angeles and Alonso told Brown he was happy with the idea since McLaren had won it before. He and his manager Garcia Abad met Brown and Éric Boullier in China to talk more about the plan and said he would decide the next day. Alonso told Brown he wanted to race at Indianapolis and told him it was "a good decision for everyone: a win, win for myself, for F1, the fans, everyone'."[132] Brown then spoke to the IndyCar Series chief executive officer Mark Miles and discovered that there were no Honda-powered cars.[133] Miles met the Andretti Autosport owner Michael Andretti, who got driver Stefan Wilson to agree to forego his planned entry in partnership with Michael Shank Racing and allow Alonso to drive instead.[134]
Driving the No. 29 McLaren-Honda-Andretti Dallara DW12,[135] he completed a three-stage rookie orientation programme at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on 3 May.[136] Alonso advanced to the Fast Nine shootout in qualifying and set the fifth-fastest four-lap average speed; in the race, he led four times for a total of 27 laps before his engine failed with 21 laps to go.[137] Alonso was classified 24th.[138]
McLaren Racing (2019)
McLaren began planning an entry for him in the 2019 IndyCar Series in August 2018 and would be supported by the series.[139] Alonso tested a 2018-specification Andretti Autosport-entered Dallara DW12-Honda at the Barber Motorsports Park on 5 September.[140] McLaren opted to enter just the 2019 Indianapolis 500 due to its focus on Formula One and collaborated with Carlin Motorsport in a logistical and technical partnership and signed an engine supply deal with Chevrolet.[141] Alonso ventured to the McLaren Technology Centre in early March 2019 for a seat fitting to become comfortable in the No. 66 Dallara IR18-Chevrolet and its brake pedal was shifted away from his feet since it is used less in IndyCar than in Formula One. Andy Brown was Alonso's race engineer and his chief mechanic was Liam Dance.[142] Alonso did not qualify after Juncos Racing's Kyle Kaiser demoted him to 34th. Reasons included a dismantled spare car needed to assembled and flown from Carlin's factory after Alonso crashed in practice. An error converting from the American imperial system to the British metric system caused his car to scrape along the tarmac surface and incorrect gear ratios slowed him.[143]
Arrow McLaren SP (2020)
He entered the 2020 Indianapolis 500 with Arrow McLaren SP after an agreement with Andretti Autosports fell through.[144] Alonso had a crash during practice. He qualified 26th.[145] Alonso did manage to finish the race. He started 26th, was running 15th halfway through the race, and then ended up P21 and one lap down because of a clutch issue causing the team to manually start the car during every pit stop.[146]
Off-road racing
Alonso entered the Dakar Rally with Toyota in 2020 following a five-month testing programme in Africa, Europe and the Middle East and driving a series of races to better himself.[147] [148] He raced in the Lichtenburg 400 in South Africa, the Rally du Maroc in Morocco and the Al Ula–Neom Rally in Saudi Arabia,[149] with the five-time Dakar Rally bike class winner Marc Coma his co-driver. Alonso was third at the Al Ula-Neom Rally, which was his highest finish in three preparation events.[150] With co-driver Coma, he finished the Dakar in 13th position with a best stage finish of second place.[151] A stop for repairs on the second stage and a roll on the tenth lost him several hours in the general classification.[152]
Driving style
Alonso is often regarded as one of the greatest F1 drivers in the history of the sport. Journalists and fellow drivers regarded Alonso as a fast and consistent driver who can extract additional pace from a car in all weathers and on all tracks. Fisichella said Alonso understands when to go faster and when to preserve his tyres in a race.[153] Former racing driver and Sky Sports pundit Martin Brundle described Alonso as "Senna-like in his intimate feel for where the grip is" and cited the driver's knowledge on how much grip to use for the entry to a turn.[153] He drives aggressively and uses a braking area to put a car into a corner without losing speed exiting it. This allows Alonso to keep it "on the edge of adhesion" and it has been observed during a qualifying session and the first laps of a race. 1979 world champion Jody Scheckter has criticised Alonso for causing problems in teams.[154] This opinion is shared by Christian Horner, who ruled out signing Alonso for Red Bull, as he caused chaos in previous teams.[155]
Alonso's experience increased his awareness of events around him and competitors in a race and adjusted his situation to focus on the drivers' championship.[156] Alonso is an all-round driver who can mount an apex and correct a sliding car to go faster.[157] He is careful in finding the ideal feeling with his brakes and can apply the maximum amount of force with a fast response time. Alonso's physical strength contrasts his braking skill and regularly exceeded that limit without overdoing it on multiple conditions. According to Jonathan Noble of Motorsport.com, this allows Alonso to "create a kind of natural ABS – fully exploiting tyre grip to achieve greater speeds while turning without locking the wheels."[158]
Helmet and career number
Alonso's helmet manufactured by Bieffe (2001), Arai (2003–2009, 2016), Schuberth (2010–2015)[159] [160] Bell (2017–)[161] sports the yellow and red colours of the flag of Spain with shades of blue from the Asturias flag and coupled with two silver thunderbolt arrows derived from a remote control car he received as a present in his childhood on top and a yellow Asturian cross (sometimes on the back, other times on the side).[162] He changed its mainbase colour design when switching teams during his F1 career; in 2008 Alonso attached two pictures of a spade, ace and heart symbol to show he was a two-time world champion.[163]
For three successive Monaco Grand Prix from 2011 to 2013 and at the 2011 Singapore Grand Prix, he wore a gold and white coloured helmet to replace the blue and yellow.[164] At the following 2013 Indian Grand Prix, Alonso sported a white helmet to celebrate his total number of career points scored up to the preceding Japanese Grand Prix of 1571 and with the words "F1 points World Record" accompanied with a thank you message in English, French and Italian.[165]
His final event for Ferrari at the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix saw him wear a helmet with a picture depicting a pit stop in that year in the colour red, signature of various team members and the flag of Italy in the centre.[166] At the 2017 Indianapolis 500 and the 2017 United States Grand Prix, Alonso sported a black helmet with red, yellow and blue stripes around it and his race number.[167] [168] He revised the livery for the 2018 24 Hours of Daytona to white instead of black and had no stripes around the front. The back had the layout of the Daytona International Speedway and continued to have his usual blue, red and yellow colours.[167]
In 2018 Alonso changed its front livery to be predominantly blue with the back top lighter blue and the rear red and yellow.[169] His helmet for the 2018 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix was divided equally between the flag of Spain on the right with a blue-checkered pattern around its side. The yellow on that area was replaced by gold between two horizontal stripes in red and a thick vertical strip was added with a list of Alonso's 32 F1 race victories.[170]
For the 2014 season, the FIA created a new regulation allowing drivers to select specific car numbers for use throughout their F1 career. Alonso requested the number 14 for it has been his lucky number since his world karting championship victory in a kart with number 14, at the age of 14, on 14 July 1996.[171]
Driver management
Alonso operates a driver management company, A14 Management. A14 Management manages a portfolio of young drivers across several motorsport disciplines. For the 2023 season, this included Maximilian Günther, Clément Novalak, Nikola Tsolov, Gabriel Bortoleto, Pepe Martí, Han Cenyu, Andrés Cárdenas and Carl Bennett.[172]
Image and impact
Nate Saunders of ESPN writes that Alonso "is one of the most eloquent speakers in F1 and one of the best at interacting with the media".[173] He occasionally uses press conferences with the press to cultivate particular narratives of a story, convey himself as controlling the F1 driver market or as the one with knowledge of facts of a situation.[173] Alonso dislikes fame and prefers a private life,[174] with Chris Jenkins of USA Today describing him as shy.[5] He has been noted for refraining from expensive habits and possessions.[175]
Alonso's public persona has been noted as being different from his private personality.[176] Fellow Spanish driver Carlos Sainz Jr. claimed "there are two Fernandos", alluding to Alonso's defensive nature when criticised because of his shyness, compared to his sense of humour, generosity and kind-nature when not racing.[176] According to the Autosport journalist Ben Anderson, Alonso's success in F1 required him to behave egotistically and selfishly and to have a self-confidence, in order to cope with the consequences of "burst[ing] egotistical bubbles" to improve himself.[176] Alonso acknowledged the façade and told Anderson "I know who I am outside of F1, but that remains a question mark for everybody because I like to separate my personal life from my professional life" and his different personality traits in public and private.[176] Alonso made a voice cameo appearance as an anthropomorphic version of himself in the Spanish dub of Cars 2 (2011),[177] and a voice command assistant in the Spanish dub of Cars 3 (2017).[178]
Journalist Nigel Roebuck calls Alonso "the first world-class racing driver to come out of Spain",[174] and is credited for popularising F1 in the country, where it was once considered a fringe sport and a lesser known form of motorsport than motorcycling and rallying.[179] He was Personality Media's favourite male athlete with a 99 per cent recognition rating amongst the Spanish public in 2015;[180] in the latter part of his F1 career, Alonso was within the top two most popular drivers in the Grand Prix Drivers' Association fan surveys of 2010, 2015 and 2017.[181]
The Fernando Alonso Sports Complex in Oviedo was opened in June 2015 and features a CIK-FIA compliant karting track featuring 29 layouts. A museum dedicated to his racing career, the 'Museo y Circuito Fernando Alonso', opened in the same year, featuring Alonso's race cars, helmets, overalls, and memorabilia.[182]
Endorsements and philanthropy
Alonso has done business with Banco Santander, Cajastur, TAG Heuer, Europcar, Silestone,[183] Liberbank,[184] ING,[185] Chandon,[186] Adidas,[187] and Bang & Olufsen.[188] He is the founder and brand ambassador of the fashion retailer Kimoa,[189] and intended to establish the Fernando Alonso Cycling Team to compete in UCI events in 2015 before the project failed to materialise.[190] As a result of Alonso's endorsement money and F1 salary, he has been listed as one of the world's highest-paid athletes by Forbes every year from 2012 to 2018.[191] The magazine named him motorsport's top-earning driver from June 2012 to June 2013,[192] one of 2016's top earning international stars,[193] and one of 2017's highest-paid international and European celebrities.[194] [195] Alonso also featured on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list in 2008 and 2017.[196] In 2020, Alonso was sponsored by Ruoff Mortgage for his Indianapolis 500 attempt.[197]
In November 2017 Alonso established the FA Racing G2 Logitech G eSports racing team of which he is the team principal and competes in virtual online racing championships on multiple platforms.[198] The team dissolved in 2018 and launched another in partnership with FA Racing and Veloce Esports in March 2019.[199] Alonso's team has also competed in the F4 Spanish Championship, Formula Renault Eurocup and karting.[200] He is an investor and board member of the eSports multi-racing platform Motorsport Games.[201]
The UNICEF Spanish Committee named Alonso a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in February 2005 to promote and defend children's rights and awareness of UNICEF.[202] Alonso promoted India's efforts to eradicate polio in 2011 and handwashing with soap to school children in 2012,[203] [204] whilst he also supported UNICEF's anti-cyberbullying campaign in November 2017.[205] Alonso founded the Fundación Fernando Alonso in 2007 to promote motor racing and road safety education.[206]
Awards
Alonso received the 2003 Autosport Gregor Grant Award for winning the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix.[207] He also won the Princess Cristina National Sports Award for sporting newcomer in that year.[208] Alonso was named the Lorenzo Bandini Trophy's recipient in April 2005.[209] From October 2005 to May 2006 he received the Prince of Asturias Award for Sports, the Premios Nacionales del Deporte Sportsman of the Year Award and the Gold Medal of the Royal Order of Sports Merit for winning the 2005 F1 World Championship.[210]
He was named the 2006 Autosport International Racing Driver of the Year.[211] Alonso was voted the Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year for his performance in the 2017 Indianapolis 500.[138] He was inducted into the FIA Hall of Fame in 2017 for being a F1 World Champion and again as a FIA World Endurance Champion in 2019.[212] [213] This made Alonso the first driver to have been inducted into the FIA Hall of Fame twice.[213]
Personal life
From November 2006 to December 2011, Alonso was married to Raquel del Rosario, the lead singer of the Spanish pop band El Sueño de Morfeo.[214] He was engaged to Spanish television presenter Lara Álvarez from 2015 to 2016.[215] Alonso dated Italian model Linda Morselli from 2016 to 2021.[216] [217]
Alonso supports the Real Madrid and Real Oviedo football teams,[218] and is a cycling enthusiast.[219] He is 171cm (67inches) tall,[220] and speaks English, French, Italian and Spanish.[221] His personal garage includes such cars as the McLaren P1, Ferrari 458 Italia, Nissan GT-R, and Honda NSX.[222] [223] [224]
Karting record
Karting career summary
Racing record
Racing career summary
Season still in progress.
Complete Euro Open by Nissan results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete International Formula 3000 results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap; small number indicates the finishing position)
Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.
Season still in progress.
American open-wheel racing results
IndyCar Series
Indianapolis 500
IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
24 Hours of Daytona
Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
24 Hours of Le Mans results
Formula One records
Alonso holds the following Formula One records:
- Footnotes:Alonso broke the record for the longest distance covered in F1 with a total of 92643km (57,566miles) driven after his fifth-place finish in the 2022 British Grand Prix.[240]
Notes and references
References
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: Fernando Alonso signs to Aston Martin for 2023 on multi-year contract. formula1.com. 1 August 2022. 1 August 2022. 1 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220801083548/https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.breaking-fernando-alonso-signs-to-aston-martin-for-2023-on-multi-year.1i8QwJht5v7dBCWFCcrqml.html. live.
- Web site: Past Seasons - FIA World Endurance Championship . 2023-07-05 . www.fiawec.com . 4 April 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190404224551/https://www.fiawec.com/en/past-seasons/36 . live .
- Web site: Standings . 2023-07-05 . Formula 1® - The Official F1® Website . en . 28 October 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141028202800/http://www.formula1.com/results/driver/2001/40.html . live .
- Web site: Donaldson . Gerald . Fernando Alonso – 2005, 2006 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190503172019/https://www.formula1.com/en/drivers/hall-of-fame/Fernando_Alonso.html . 3 May 2019 . 25 November 2019 . Formula1.com.
- News: Jenkins . Chris . 15 June 2005 . Alonso charges to top of F1 . 01C . . live . subscription . 10 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141857/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA133264991&v=2.1&it=r&sid=GPS&asid=48e29c99 . 5 August 2021 . Gale in Context: Biography.
- Web site: Urruty . Martín . 26 September 2005 . De plebeyo a rey; Cómo llegó Alonso a ser el campeón más joven de la historia . From commoner to king; How Alonso became the youngest champion ever . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20070714205454/http://espndeportes.espn.go.com/news/story?id=367490 . 14 July 2007 . 26 November 2019 . . es.
- Web site: 25 September 2005 . Fernando Alonso logra su sueño a los 24 años . Fernando Alonso achieves his dream at 24 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210325105412/https://www.lasprovincias.es/valencia/pg060312/deportes/200509/25/RC-biografia.html . 25 March 2021 . 26 November 2019 . . es.
- News: 28 March 2003 . Un chico reservado y buen estudiante . es . A reserved boy and a good student . . live . 26 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141944/https://as.com/masdeporte/2003/03/28/polideportivo/1048828543_850215.html . 5 August 2021.
- News: Lara . Ángela . 28 September 2005 . Un chico de barrio . es . A neighborhood boy . 38 . . live . 29 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141918/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2005/09/28/pagina-38/725164/pdf.html . 5 August 2021.
- Web site: Fernando Alonso . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191119055720/https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/drivers/fernando-alonso . 19 November 2019 . 25 November 2019 . Motor Sport.
- News: 15 February 2011 . Fernando Alonso: 'Menos mal que el Celta no me fichó' . es . Fernando Alonso: 'Luckily, Celta didn't sign me up' . . live . 27 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160701183854/http://www.atlantico.net/articulo/deporte-local/fernando-alonso-menos-mal-celta-no-ficho/20110216125842111954.html . 1 July 2016.
- Web site: Benson . Andrew . 21 October 2016 . Fernando Alonso: McLaren-Honda driver still Formula 1's gold standard . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180915112741/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/37704633 . 15 September 2018 . 26 November 2019 . BBC Sport.
- Web site: 14 November 2018 . Fernando Alonso: why I race . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191126152147/https://www.mclaren.com/racing/heritage/driver/fernando-alonso/fernando-alonso-why-i-race-3163556/ . 26 November 2019 . 26 November 2019 . McLaren.
- News: Ubha . Ravi . Wyatt . Ben . 2 April 2014 . Fernando Alonso: The family ties that bind Ferrari's F1 star . . live . 25 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140403033841/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/02/sport/fernando-alonso-ferrari-f1/index.html . 3 April 2014.
- News: 16 October 2007 . José Luis Alonso, los sacrificios de un padre entregado a la causa . es . José Luis Alonso, the sacrifices of a father dedicated to the cause . . live . 26 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190903183638/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/motor/jose-luis-alonso-los-sacrificios-de-un-padre-entregado-a-la-causa-5564740 . 3 September 2019.
- Web site: 2006 . A Fondo Su vida en fechas . Thoroughly Your Life on Dates . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20061109082554/http://www.elmundo.es/elmundodeporte/especiales/2006/10/alonso/afondo/fechas.html . 9 November 2006 . 27 November 2019 . El Mundo.
- Web site: Fernando Alonso . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150908115625/http://www.cikfia.com/inside-cikfia/wall-of-fame/view/article/fernando-alonso.html . 8 September 2015 . 26 November 2019 . Commission Internationale de Karting.
- Web site: Atlas F1 News Service: Biography Fernando Alonso (ESP) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20081006171243/http://www.atlasf1.com/news/2004/features/drivers/falonso.html . 6 October 2008 . 27 November 2019 . Atlas F1.
- News: Álvarez . Raúl . 24 November 2018 . Fernando Alonso, los años de Oviedo . es . Fernando Alonso, the years of Oviedo . . live . 26 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181125143243/https://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticia/deportes/2018/11/23/fernando-alonso-anos-oviedo/00031542994226601542334.htm . 25 November 2018.
- Web site: 13 January 2015 . Fernando: The rising star . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191127213105/https://www.mclaren.com/racing/heritage/driver/fernando-alonso/fernando-rising-star/ . 27 November 2019 . 27 November 2019 . McLaren.
- News: 17 October 2007 . Genís Marcó, el valedor de Alonso en el karting y su segunda familia . Genís Marcó, Alonso's supporter in karting and his second family . . live . 27 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191106183622/https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/motor/genis-marco-el-valedor-de-alonso-en-el-karting-y-su-segunda-familia-5564835 . 6 November 2019.
- Arron . Simon . 5 February 2018 . Silverstone 2000: Meeting Fernando Alonso . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191127213115/https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/opinion/f1/silverstone-2000-meeting-fernando-alonso . 27 November 2019 . 27 November 2019 . Motor Sport.
- News: Sanz . Miguel . 4 March 2009 . Alonso y Minardi, 10 años de una gran historia . es . Alonso and Minardi, 10 years of a great story . . live . 28 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191128091729/https://www.marca.com/blogs/elgrancirco/2009/03/04/alonso-y-minardi-10-anos-de-una-gran.html . 28 November 2019.
- Web site: Cooper . Adam . 21 March 2011 . Fernando Alonso and the class of 2001 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191223154842/https://www.autosport.com/f1/feature/3361/fernando-alonso-and-the-class-of-2001 . 23 December 2019 . 23 December 2019 . Autosport.
- Web site: 24 June 2002 . Alonso's hopes for Renault race drive . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20020628020127/http://www.formula1.com/news/headlines02/06/s9854.html . 28 June 2002 . 7 December 2019 . Formula1.com.
- News: Williams . Richard . 1 May 2005 . Interview with Fernando Alonso . . live . 25 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191206163114/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/may/02/formulaone.formulaone2005 . 6 December 2019.
- Web site: Fernando Alonso Biography . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20181217182803/http://www.racefans.net/fernando-alonso/ . 17 December 2018 . 6 December 2019 . Racefans.net.
- Web site: 30 May 2002 . Alonso impresses in Jaguar test . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20040430131259/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/2011180.stm . 30 April 2004 . 6 August 2015 . BBC Sport.
- July 2016 . The youth of today . live . . 92 . 7 . 40–41 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190512152112/https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/july-2016/40/youth-today . 12 May 2019 . 7 December 2019.
- Web site: 20 August 2003 . Renault name unchanged line-up . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20030822055118/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/3166183.stm . 22 August 2003 . 8 December 2019 . BBC Sport.
- Web site: 1 January 2005 . 2005: A first for Fernando . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191210161104/http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/story/11691.html . 10 December 2019 . 10 December 2019 . ESPN.
- News: Moffitt . Alastair . 20 December 2005 . Alonso to make shock switch from Renault to McLaren . . live . 11 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190428113233/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing/alonso-to-make-shock-switch-from-renault-to-mclaren-520190.html . 28 April 2019.
- News: Roebuck . Dan . 10 March 2006 . Renault reliability gives champion edge . . live . 11 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191211102454/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2006/mar/10/formulaone.sport . 11 December 2019.
- News: Allen . James . 20 October 2006 . To Alonso, the title – to Schumacher, the legend . . live . 11 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191211162731/https://www.ft.com/content/649ead2e-6061-11db-a716-0000779e2340 . 11 December 2019.
- News: Garside . Kevin . 11 October 2006 . Alonso to play safe in Brazil . . live . limited . 11 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191211162731/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/columnists/kevingarside/2347765/Alonso-to-play-safe-in-Brazil.html . 11 December 2019.
- News: Baldwin . Alan . 7 December 2006 . How Alonso switched to McLaren? . . . live . 25 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080616214228/http://www.rediff.com/sports/2006/dec/07alonso.htm . 16 June 2008.
- Web site: Benson . Andrew . 19 November 2018 . Fernando Alonso: Lewis Hamilton, Ron Dennis & where it started to go wrong at McLaren in 2007 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20181205001319/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/46225204 . 5 December 2018 . 11 December 2019 . BBC Sport.
- Web site: Noble . Jonathan . 15 December 2006 . More security, no stickers for Alonso debut . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191211171342/http://classic.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/56024/ . 11 December 2019 . 11 December 2019 . Autosport.
- News: Spurgeon . Brad . 15 December 2006 . Champions All Around . . live . 11 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191001070130/https://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2006/12/15/champions-all-around/ . 1 October 2019.
- Web site: Harden . Oliver . 17 December 2014 . Fernando Alonso and McLaren: Where It Went Wrong in 2007 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212093514/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2302639-fernando-alonso-and-mclaren-where-it-went-wrong-in-2007 . 12 December 2019 . 12 December 2019 . Bleacher Report.
- News: 18 October 2007 . Formula One title permutations . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212093517/https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-30043820071018 . 12 December 2019.
- Web site: 1 December 2018 . 17 surprising Fernando Alonso facts – one for each of his F1 seasons . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212093517/https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.17-surprising-fernando-alonso-facts-one-for-each-of-his-f1-seasons.2QM5BOQyakieK6KeMAG68G.html . 12 December 2019 . 12 December 2019 . Formula1.com.
- Web site: Benson . Andrew . 19 November 2018 . Fernando Alonso: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren, 'spy-gate' & threats & demands to Ron Dennis . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190926080923/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/46226823 . 26 September 2019 . 12 December 2019 . BBC Sport.
- News: Rodríguez . Jaime . 2 November 2007 . Alonso: 'En McLaren, nunca me sentí en casa' . es . Alonso: 'At McLaren, I never felt at home' . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212161345/https://www.elmundo.es/elmundodeporte/2007/11/02/motor/1194002469.html . 12 December 2019.
- Web site: Alonso: Why I quit McLaren . 2 November 2007 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212161346/https://www.eurosport.com/formula-1/season/2007/alonso-why-i-quit-mclaren_sto1368239/story.shtml . 12 December 2019 . 12 December 2019 . Eurosport.
- News: González . Elvira . 30 October 2013 . Cuando Alonso pudo sur Vettel: A finales de Vettel, tras dejar McLaren, el asturiano tenia a Red Bull como primera opción . es . When Alonso could replace Vettel: At the end of Vettel, after leaving McLaren, the Spaniard had Red Bull as the first option . 26 . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212183512/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/2013/10/30/pagina-26/13038734/pdf.html . 12 December 2019.
- News: 11 December 2007 . Alonso dreams of a perfect season . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212231905/https://www.rte.ie/sport/motorsport/2007/1211/225752-alonsof/ . 12 December 2019.
- Web site: 10 December 2007 . Alonso opts for return to Renault . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141904/https://secure-uk.imrworldwide.com/cgi-bin/m?rnd=1628173144082&ci=bbc&cg=0&sr=1600x1000&ts=v51.js&cd=24&lg=en-US&je=n&ck=y&tz=0&ct=&hp=&tl=BBC%20SPORT%20%7C%20Motorsport%20%7C%20Formula%20One%20%7C%20Alonso%20opts%20for%20return%20to%20Renault&si=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport2%2Fhi%2Fmotorsport%2Fformula_one%2F7136498.stm&rp= . 5 August 2021 . 12 December 2019 . BBC Sport.
- News: Cary . Tom . 23 March 2009 . Fernando Alonso: F1 2009 driver profile . . live . limited . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212231944/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/motorsport/formulaone/lotus/5007362/Fernando-Alonso-F1-2009-driver-profile.html . 12 December 2019.
- News: Allievi . Pino . 27 December 2008 . Top 10 Gazzetta E' Alonso il numero 1 . it . Top 10 Gazzetta Alonso is number 1 . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212231938/http://archiviostorico.gazzetta.it//2008/dicembre/27/Top_Gazzetta_Alonso_numero_1_ga_10_081227026.shtml . 12 December 2019.
- Web site: Noble . Jonathan . 4 July 2008 . Alonso to decide future after summer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20080708080540/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/68815 . 8 July 2008 . 12 December 2019 . Autosport.
- News: Henry . Alan . 4 August 2008 . Alonso set for Honda move as staging post to long-term Ferrari future . . live . 12 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191212231929/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/aug/04/formulaone.motorsports . 12 December 2019.
- Web site: English . Steven . 5 November 2008 . Renault retain Alonso and Piquet for '09 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20081108013026/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/72010 . 8 November 2008 . 12 December 2019 . Autosport.
- News: Tremayne . David . 25 July 2009 . Fernando Alonso: 'With all the fights, this may be F1's worst year ever' . . live . 13 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191213082110/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing/fernando-alonso-with-all-the-fights-this-may-be-f1s-worst-year-ever-1760567.html . 13 December 2019.
- Web site: Drivers: Fernando Alonso . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191213082114/https://www.grandprix.com/gpe/drv-alofer.html . 13 December 2019 . 13 December 2019 . GrandPrix.com.
- News: Caygill . Graham . 28 July 2009 . Renault to fight race ban . . live . 13 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191213082113/https://www.thenational.ae/sport/other-sport/renault-to-fight-race-ban-1.529118 . 13 December 2019.
- Knutson . Dan . 11 November 2009 . Forza Fernando! . Auto Action . 1365 . 24–26 . 1320-2073.
- Web site: Allen . James . 1 October 2009 . Raikkonen and Domenicali differ on reasons why he was dropped . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111115201957/http://www.jamesallenonf1.com/2009/10/raikkonen-and-domenicali-differ-on-reasons-why-he-was-dropped/ . 15 November 2011 . 13 December 2019 . James Allen on F1.
- Web site: Holt . Sarah . 23 September 2010 . Fernando Alonso is main threat – Lewis Hamilton . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100924044759/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/motorsport/formula_one/9027425.stm . 24 September 2010 . 13 December 2019 . BBC Sport.
- News: Defeated Alonso defends pit strategy. Simon. Strang. autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 14 November 2010. 19 November 2010. 17 November 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101117131913/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/88264. live.
- Cooper . Adam . February 2012 . Putting it all on red: has Fernando Alonso taken a reckless gamble by committing to Ferrari through 2017? Or is the Prancing Horse finally ready to fight the Red Bulls? . live . . 36–38 . subscription . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141858/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA278510102&v=2.1&it=r&sid=GPS&asid=1c0d42e2 . 5 August 2021 . 19 December 2019 . Gale In Context: Biography.
- Web site: Collantine . Keith . 16 December 2011 . 2011 F1 driver rankings no.2: Fernando Alonso . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141945/https://www.racefans.net/2011/12/16/2011-f1-driver-rankings-no2-fernando-alonso/ . 5 August 2021 . 18 December 2019 . RaceFans.
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News: 3 April 2006 . Fernando Alonso y Gemma Mengual, premios nacionales del deporte 2005 . es . Fernando Alonso and Gemma Mengual, national sport awards 2005 . El Mundo . EFE . live . 28 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210805141901/https://www.elmundo.es/elmundodeporte/2006/04/03/masdeporte/1144080565.html . 5 August 2021.
News: 25 May 2006 . Raúl recibe la Medalla de Oro al Mérito Deportivo . es . Raúl receives the Gold Medal for Sports Merit . 20minutos . EFE . live . 28 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191104150246/https://www.20minutos.es/deportes/noticia/raul-medalla-merito-123760/0/ . 4 November 2019.
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