The Fermo Camp (Italian: Campo Fermo, Croatian: Logor Fermo) was a post-World War II displaced persons camp near Fermo, Italy whose inhabitants were Croats displaced from Yugoslavia.
The first Croats arrived in June 1945.[1] The majority arrived at the camp on August 15, 1945.[2] The inhabitants formed a theatre company at the camp to perform classic Croatian dramatic works.[3] A printing press was established by Dominik Mandić which printed magazines and books at the camp.[4]
Most of the about 2000 inhabitants who were living inside the camp, which was situated on the premises of a former textile factory, were of Ustaše background.[5] In 1947 the camp was repeatedly raided by British military personnel in a search for war criminals hiding among the population.[6]
In late 1947 and early 1948, representatives from Argentina, the United States, Canada, and Australia came to the camp to offer the inhabitants a chance to immigrate to their perspective countries.[4] On one trip, the USS General W. M. Black (AP-135) transported 626 people from the camp to Peru.[1] The camp was closed in 1948.
Upon independence, Croatia tried to entice its displaced persons to return through tax exemptions and monetary aid.[7]