Fc receptor-like molecule explained

Fc receptor-like molecules (FCRLs) are a class of proteins that resemble Fc receptors. They have been characterized in a number of species, including humans and mice. They are preferentially expressed by B lymphocytes. Unlike the classical Fc receptors, there is no strong evidence that suggests that FCRLs bind to the Fc portion of antibodies. Their function is unknown.^[1]

It has been indicated that FCRLs may be a unique marker for immune cells in the brain called microglia, compared to other CNS cells and peripheral immune cells.^[2]

Members

• FCRL1
• FCRL2
• FCRL3
• FCRL4
• FCRL5
• FCRL6
• FCRLA. FCRLA associates with IgM, IgG and IgA.^[3]
• FCRLB

See also

• Fc receptor

Further reading

• Maltais LJ, Lovering RC, Taranin AV, Colonna M, Ravetch JV, Dalla-Favera R, Burrows PD, Cooper MD, Davis RS . New nomenclature for Fc receptor-like molecules . Nature Immunology . 7 . 5 . 431–2 . May 2006 . 16622424 . 10.1038/ni0506-431 .
• Book: Ehrhardt . Götz R. A. . Cooper . Max D. . vanc . Immunoregulatory Roles for Fc Receptor-Like Molecules . Rafi . Ahmed . Tasuku . Honjo . Negative Co-Receptors and Ligands . limited . Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology . 89–104 . 2011 . 20680805 . 10.1007/82_2010_88 . 978-3-642-19544-0 .
• Aranha C, Bordekar A, Shahani S . Isolation and purification of an early pregnancy factor-like molecule from culture supernatants obtained from lymphocytes of pregnant women: II. Identification of the molecule as a Fc-receptor-like molecule: a preliminary report . Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics . 15 . 10 . 619–24 . November 1998 . 9866072 . 3454852 . 10.1023/A:1020389512677 .
• Wu H, Yang LH, Zuo J, Liang YL, Li PQ, Liu W, Xie XD . Fc receptor-like 3 gene polymorphisms confer susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in a Chinese population . Human Immunology . 71 . 12 . 1203–8 . December 2010 . 20732364 . 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.08.002 .
• Book: Ehrhardt . Götz R. A. . Leu . Chuen-Miin . Zhang . Shuangyin . Aksu . Güzide . Jackson . Tanisha . Haga . Chris . Hsu . Joyce T. . Schreeder . Daniel M. . Davis . Randall S. . Cooper . Max D. . vanc . Fc Receptor–like Proteins (FCRL): Immunomodulators of B Cell Function . Sudhir . Gupta . Frederick . Alt . Max . Cooper . Fritz . Melchers . Klaus . Rajewsky . Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation XI . limited . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . 155–62 . 2007 . 17338184 . 10.1007/0-387-46530-8_14 . 978-0-387-46527-2 .
• Rozsnyay Z, Sármay G, Szabó I, Medgyesi G, Gorini G, Gergely J . Fine specificity of a rabbit antibody interacting with human IgG Fc receptor-like molecules . Immunology Letters . 25 . 4 . 303–11 . September 1990 . 2147423 . 10.1016/0165-2478(90)90200-a.

Notes and References

1. Davis RS . Fc receptor-like molecules . Annual Review of Immunology . 25 . 525–60 . 2007 . 17201682 . 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141541 .
2. Butovsky O, Jedrychowski MP, Moore CS, Cialic R, Lanser AJ, Gabriely G, Koeglsperger T, Dake B, Wu PM, Doykan CE, Fanek Z, Liu L, Chen Z, Rothstein JD, Ransohoff RM, Gygi SP, Antel JP, Weiner HL . Identification of a unique TGF-β-dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia . Nature Neuroscience . 17 . 1 . 131–43 . January 2014 . 24316888 . 4066672 . 10.1038/nn.3599 .
3. Santiago T, Kulemzin SV, Reshetnikova ES, Chikaev NA, Volkova OY, Mechetina LV, Zhao M, Davis RS, Taranin AV, Najakshin AM, Hendershot LM, Burrows PD . FCRLA is a resident endoplasmic reticulum protein that associates with intracellular Igs, IgM, IgG and IgA . . 23 . 1 . 43–53 . January 2011 . 21149418 . 3003704 . 10.1093/intimm/dxq456 .