| Fairfield Historic District | |
| Nrhp Type: | hd |
| Nocat: | yes |
| Location: | Old Post Rd. from Post Rd. to Turney Rd., Fairfield, Connecticut |
| Coordinates: | 41.1439°N -73.2497°W |
| Architecture: | Greek Revival, Romanesque |
| Added: | March 24, 1971 |
| Area: | 60acres |
| Refnum: | 71000897 |
The Fairfield Historic District encompasses the historic town center of Fairfield, Connecticut, roughly along Old Post Road between U.S. Route 1 and Turney Road. The area contains Fairfield's town hall, public library, and houses dating from the late 18th century, and includes portions of the town's earliest colonial settlement area. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
Fairfield's town center was laid out in the 17th century by its founders, who included Roger Ludlow. The area was divided into Four Squares, one for Ludlow, one for a minister, one for civic buildings, and one for a town common. Elements of this early division survive in the layout and placement of civic and religious buildings. The village center was burned in 1779 by British troops during the American Revolutionary War, resulting in the destruction of all of the town's civic buildings and many houses. The district hosts a concentration of houses that did survive the military raid, and the town hall, built in 1794, is still evocative of the architecture of that period.
The district includes about 75 historically significant buildings on 35acres of land. It extends from a junction of Old Post Road with US 1 in the west, to Turney Road in the east, and includes buildings on Old Post Road and a few cross streets. The most significant elements of the historic district include:[1]