Face of the giant panda sign explained
|
| Complications: | choreoathetosis |
| Differential: | Wilson's disease, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Leigh syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, toxic leukoencephalopathy, rabies |
| Medication: | penicillamine, thiamine, corticosteroids |
The face of the giant panda sign, panda sign of the midbrain or double-panda sign is a characteristic "panda's face" appearance in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of people with Wilson's disease. Along with Kayser–Fleischer rings, the sign is helpful in diagnosis.[1]
While the sign is most common in Wilson's disease, it has been rarely reported in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,[2] rabies encephalopathy,[3] toxic leukoencephalopathy[4] and Leigh syndrome.[5]
Further reading
- 10.1038/ncpneuro0291 . 16932613 . Wilson's disease: An update . Nature Clinical Practice Neurology . 2 . 9 . 482–493 . 2006 . Das . Shyamal K. . Ray . Kunal . 205340375 .
- 10.1212/01.WNL.0000085871.98174.4E . 14557570 . The "double panda sign" in Wilson's disease . Neurology . 61 . 7 . 969 . 2003 . Jacobs . D. A. . Markowitz . C. E. . Liebeskind . D. S. . Galetta . S. L. . free .
- 10.1212/01.wnl.0000344409.73717.a1 . 19289731 . Teaching Neuro Images: Face of the giant panda and her cub: MRI correlates of Wilson disease . Neurology . 72 . 11 . e50 . 2009 . Shivakumar . R. . Thomas . S. V. . free .
- 10.1136/jnnp.74.5.682 . 12700322 . Faces of the giant panda and her cub: MRI correlates of Wilson's disease . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry . 74 . 5 . 682 . 2003 . Liebeskind . D. S. . 1738451 .
- 10.1093/qjmed/hct217 . 24170891 . 'Face of giant panda': A rare imaging sign in Wilson's disease . QJM . 107 . 7 . 579 . 2014 . Gupta . A. . Chakravarthi . S. . Goyal . M. K. . free .
- 10.1093/omcr/omu005 . 25988011 . 4369968 . Wilson's disease: 'face of giant panda' and 'trident' signs together . Oxford Medical Case Reports . 2014 . 1 . 16–17 . 2014 . Parekh . J. R. . Agrawal . P. R. .
- 10.4103/1817-1745.84402 . 21977083 . 3173909 . 2011 . Singh . P. . Wilson's disease: MRI features . Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences . 6 . 1 . 27–8 . Ahluwalia . A. . Saggar . K. . Grewal . C. S. . free.
- 10.1177/0883073813484968 . 23599247 . The "Double Panda" Sign in Leigh Disease . Journal of Child Neurology . 29 . 7 . 980–982 . 2014 . Sonam . Kothari . Bindu . P.S. . Gayathri . Narayanappa . Khan . Nahid Akhtar . Govindaraju . C. . Arvinda . Hanumanthapura R. . Nagappa . Madhu . Sinha . Sanjib . Thangaraj . K. . Taly . Arun B. . 5969381 .
External links
Notes and References
- 11146611 . 'Face of the giant panda' sign in Wilson's disease: Revisited . 2000 . Kuruvilla . A. . Neurology India . 48 . 4 . 395–6 . Joseph . S. .
- 32643704 . 2020 . Nagabushana . D. . Kumar . SP. . Nagaraj . K. . Giant Panda in ADEM . Neurol India . 68 . 3 . 720–1. 10.4103/0028-3886.289008. 220437811 . free .
- 27011645 . 2016 . Jassi . P. . Attri . A. . Dhawan . R. . Kakkar . C. . Saggar . K. . MR imaging in rabies encephalopathy: A rare entity . Ann Indian Acad Journal . 19 . 1 . 125–8. 10.4103/0972-2327.167712 . 4782530 . free .
- 25987753 . 2015 . Bimbato . EM. . Carvalho . AG. . Reis . F. . Toxic and metabolic encephalopathies: iconographic essay . Radiol Bras. . 48 . 2 . 121–5. 10.1590/0100-3984.2013.1923 . 4433303 .
- 23599247 . The "double panda" sign in Leigh disease . 2014 . Sonam . K. . Bindu . P. . Gayathri . N. . Khan . N. . Govindaraju . C. . Arvinda . H. . Nagappa . M. . Sinha . S. . Thangaraj . K. . Taly . A. . J Child Neurol . 29 . 7 . 980–2 . 10.1177/0883073813484968 . 5969381 .
