FOXP4 explained

Forkhead box protein P4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXP4 gene.^[1]

This gene belongs to subfamily P of the forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Forkhead box transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of tissue- and cell type-specific gene transcription during both development and adulthood. Many members of the forkhead box gene family, including members of subfamily P, have roles in mammalian oncogenesis. This gene may play a role in the development of tumors of the kidney and larynx. Alternative splicing of this gene produces multiple transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms. It also is a major factor in developing Long COVID as such, increasing the chances of developing the little-understood syndrome 1.6 fold, a finding which has major implications for COVID-19 pandemic research.^[2]

Further reading

• Katoh M, Katoh M . Human FOX gene family (Review) . Int. J. Oncol. . 25 . 5 . 1495–500 . 2005 . 15492844 . 10.3892/ijo.25.5.1495.
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . Feingold EA . Grouse LH . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Lu MM, Li S, Yang H, Morrisey EE . Foxp4: a novel member of the Foxp subfamily of winged-helix genes co-expressed with Foxp1 and Foxp2 in pulmonary and gut tissues . Gene Expr. Patterns . 2 . 3–4 . 223–8 . 2003 . 12617805 . 10.1016/S1567-133X(02)00058-3 . free .
• Teufel A . FoxP4, a novel forkhead transcription factor . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1627 . 2–3 . 147–52 . 2003 . 12818433 . 10.1016/S0167-4781(03)00074-5. Wong EA . Mukhopadhyay M . Malik . N . Westphal . H .
• Lu MM, Li S, Yang H, Morrisey EE . Foxp4: a novel member of the Foxp subfamily of winged-helix genes co-expressed with Foxp1 and Foxp2 in pulmonary and gut tissues . Mech. Dev. . 119 . S197–202 . 2002. Suppl 1 . 14516685 . 10.1016/S0925-4773(03)00116-3. 935988 . free .
• Li S, Weidenfeld J, Morrisey EE . Transcriptional and DNA Binding Activity of the Foxp1/2/4 Family Is Modulated by Heterotypic and Homotypic Protein Interactions . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 24 . 2 . 809–22 . 2004 . 14701752 . 10.1128/MCB.24.2.809-822.2004 . 343786 .
• Ota T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . Suzuki Y . Nishikawa T . Otsuki . Tetsuji . Sugiyama . Tomoyasu . Irie . Ryotaro . Wakamatsu . Ai . Hayashi . Koji . Sato . Hiroyuki . free .
• Gerhard DS . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . Wagner L . Feingold EA . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Hannenhalli S . Transcriptional genomics associates FOX transcription factors with human heart failure . Circulation . 114 . 12 . 1269–76 . 2006 . 16952980 . 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.632430 . Putt ME . Gilmore JM . Wang . J . Parmacek . MS . Epstein . JA . Morrisey . EE . Margulies . KB . Cappola . TP . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: FOXP4 forkhead box P4.
2. Gene linked to long COVID found in analysis of thousands of patients. Heidi. Ledford. July 11, 2023. Nature. 619 . 7970 . 445 . www.nature.com. 10.1038/d41586-023-02269-2. 37433943 . 2023Natur.619..445L . 259831412 .