FOLR2 explained

Folate receptor beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the folate receptor (FOLR) family. Members of this gene family have a high affinity for folic acid and for several reduced folic acid derivatives, and mediate delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to the interior of cells. This protein has a 68% and 79% sequence homology with the FOLR1 and FOLR3 proteins, respectively. The FOLR2 protein was originally thought to exist only in placenta, but is also detected in spleen, bone marrow, and thymus.^[4]

Further reading

• Henderson GB . Folate-binding proteins. . Annu. Rev. Nutr. . 10 . 319–35 . 1990 . 2166548 . 10.1146/annurev.nu.10.070190.001535 .
• Ragoussis J, Senger G, Trowsdale J, Campbell IG . Genomic organization of the human folate receptor genes on chromosome 11q13. . Genomics . 14 . 2 . 423–30 . 1992 . 1330883 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80236-8 .
• Freisheim JH, Price EM, Ratnam M . Folate coenzyme and antifolate transport proteins in normal and neoplastic cells. . Adv. Enzyme Regul. . 29 . 13–26 . 1990 . 2561247 . 10.1016/0065-2571(89)90091-5 .
• Ratnam M, Marquardt H, Duhring JL, Freisheim JH . Homologous membrane folate binding proteins in human placenta: cloning and sequence of a cDNA. . Biochemistry . 28 . 20 . 8249–54 . 1990 . 2605182 . 10.1021/bi00446a042 .
• Yan W, Ratnam M . Preferred sites of glycosylphosphatidylinositol modification in folate receptors and constraints in the primary structure of the hydrophobic portion of the signal. . Biochemistry . 34 . 44 . 14594–600 . 1995 . 7578066 . 10.1021/bi00044a039 .
• Sadasivan E, Cedeno MM, Rothenberg SP . Characterization of the gene encoding a folate-binding protein expressed in human placenta. Identification of promoter activity in a G-rich SP1 site linked with the tandemly repeated GGAAG motif for the ets encoded GA-binding protein. . J. Biol. Chem. . 269 . 7 . 4725–35 . 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)37605-6 . 8106441 . free .
• Shen F, Ross JF, Wang X, Ratnam M . Identification of a novel folate receptor, a truncated receptor, and receptor type beta in hematopoietic cells: cDNA cloning, expression, immunoreactivity, and tissue specificity. . Biochemistry . 33 . 5 . 1209–15 . 1994 . 8110752 . 10.1021/bi00171a021 .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Page ST, Owen WC, Price K, Elwood PC . Expression of the human placental folate receptor transcript is regulated in human tissues. Organization and full nucleotide sequence of the gene. . J. Mol. Biol. . 229 . 4 . 1175–83 . 1993 . 8445646 . 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1116 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 . etal.
• Wang J, Shen F, Yan W . Proteolysis of the carboxyl-terminal GPI signal independent of GPI modification as a mechanism for selective protein secretion. . Biochemistry . 36 . 47 . 14583–92 . 1998 . 9398177 . 10.1021/bi970845w . etal.
• Nakashima-Matsushita N, Homma T, Yu S . Selective expression of folate receptor beta and its possible role in methotrexate transport in synovial macrophages from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. . Arthritis Rheum. . 42 . 8 . 1609–16 . 1999 . 10446858 . 10.1002/1529-0131(199908)42:8<1609::AID-ANR7>3.0.CO;2-L . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Hao H, Qi H, Ratnam M . Modulation of the folate receptor type beta gene by coordinate actions of retinoic acid receptors at activator Sp1/ets and repressor AP-1 sites. . Blood . 101 . 11 . 4551–60 . 2003 . 12543860 . 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3174 . free .

Notes and References

1. Kawasaki K, Fearnhead RW . On the relationship between tetracycline and the incremental lines in dentine . J Anat . 119 . Pt 1 . 49–59 . Sep 1975 . 1133088 . 1231614 .
2. van Heyningen V, Little PF . Report of the fourth international workshop on human chromosome 11 mapping 1994 . Cytogenet Cell Genet . 69 . 3–4 . 127–58 . May 1995 . 7698003 . 10.1159/000133953 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: FOLR2 folate receptor 2 (fetal).
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: FOLR2 folate receptor 2 (fetal).