FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 explained

Comp1:Anatoly Karpov
Comp2:Gata Kamsky
Title1:Defending champion
Title2:Challenger
Flag1:RUS
Flag2:USA
Dob1:23 May 1951
Age1:45 years old
Dob2:2 June 1974
Age2:22 years old
Qual1:Winner of the Candidates Match against Boris Gelfand
Qual2:Winner of the Candidates Match against Valery Salov
Elo1:2770
Elo2:2735
Rank1:3
Rank2:5
Prev:1993
Prev Link:World Chess Championship 1993
Next:1998
Next Link:FIDE World Chess Championship 1998
Score1:10½
Score2:

The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was a chess tournament held by FIDE to determine the World Chess Champion.

Background

At the time the World Chess Champion title was split.

In 1993, Nigel Short had qualified via FIDE's usual format to meet champion Garry Kasparov in a championship match. However, Kasparov and Short broke with FIDE and played under the auspices of a new organization which they had organized, the Professional Chess Association (PCA). Kasparov won this match to remain champion.

With its two top players withdrawn, FIDE awarded the two slots in its 1993 championship match to Anatoly Karpov and Jan Timman, both of whom had been defeated in earlier qualification rounds by Short. Karpov won the match to become the FIDE World Champion.

The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was FIDE's first since the 1993 split. Meanwhile, the PCA held its Classical World Chess Championship 1995, in which Kasparov defeated Viswanathan Anand to retain his title.

Many of the same players competed in both organization's qualifying events. However, Kasparov and Short did not compete in the FIDE event.

1993 Interzonal tournament

FIDE held an Interzonal tournament in Biel in July 1993, run as a 73 player, 13 round Swiss system tournament.[1]

The top 10 from the Interzonal qualified for a Championship tournament. In the event of a tie break, players were ranked by the sum of their opponents' Elo ratings, excluding the lowest rating.

1993 FIDE Interzonal Tournament
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total Tie break
1 2670 =35 +49 =6 +39 =3 +43 =2 +10 +17 =5 =13 =9 =7 9
2 2525 =51 =41 +71 +31 +26 =13 =1 =6 =4 =7 +17 =8 =3 31545
3 2645 +12 =25 +47 =28 =1 =16 +32 =4 +6 =17 =5 =7 =2 31470
4 2645 +58 =43 +45 +8 -10 =6 +24 =3 =2 =16 +26 =5 =9 31390
5 2630 -44 +60 -22 +68 +62 +65 +28 +9 =7 =1 =3 =4 =6 31345
6 2605 +67 =44 =1 =36 +48 =4 +23 =2 -3 =11 +29 +13 =5 31340
7 2685 =49 +71 =31 +55 +42 +24 =10 -17 =5 =2 +21 =3 =1 31285
8 2620 +26 +62 =17 -4 =22 =21 +33 =16 =9 =15 +27 =2 +24 31280
9 2710 -45 +19 =35 +38 +55 +37 =17 -5 =8 +31 +16 =1 =4 31240
10 2725 =16 =22 +44 +25 +4 =17 =7 -1 =21 =27 =18 +28 =11 8 31435
11 2655 =18 =35 =38 =45 =41 =36 +42 +39 =13 =6 =24 +15 =10 8 31305
12 2555 -3 +70 -39 +71 =31 =56 -14 +55 =20 +52 =51 +40 +32 8 31275
13 2685 =65 +53 =32 =22 +47 =2 =16 =29 =11 +23 =1 -6 +21 8 31195
14 2705 =22 =16 =21 =65 =25 =47 +12 =37 =23 =29 +33 =24 +27 8 31125
15 2610 +66 =23 +57 -17 =21 =22 =37 =27 +36 =8 +35 -11 +30 8 31030
16 2585 =10 =14 =40 +44 +56 =3 =13 =8 +29 =4 -9 =18 =20 31855
17 2660 +38 +39 =8 +15 =24 =10 =9 +7 -1 =3 -2 =21 =18 31580
18 2570 =11 =29 +20 -37 =50 -33 +70 +43 =28 +45 =10 =16 =17 31515
19 2460 =47 -9 +53 +33 =29 -26 =56 +59 -31 +46 =37 +45 =22 31140
20 2630 =34 =46 -18 =27 +58 =41 -35 +57 =12 +43 =31 +26 =16 30850
21 2570 +40 -24 =14 +52 =15 =8 +43 =31 =10 +22 -7 =17 -13 7 31795
22 2585 =14 =10 +5 =13 =8 =15 =31 =40 +52 -21 -28 +56 =19 7 31700
23 2575 +63 =15 =51 =56 +36 =28 -6 +24 =14 -13 =40 =31 =33 7 31625
24 2605 +69 +21 =28 +43 =17 -7 -4 -23 +44 +39 =11 =14 -8 7 31465
25 2595 +70 =3 =56 -10 =14 -40 =46 =34 =38 +65 -30 +63 +51 7 31415
26 2510 -8 +63 +41 +51 -2 +19 -29 +32 =35 +40 -4 -20 =28 7 31405
27 2590 -71 +59 -42 =20 +61 +52 =40 =15 +56 =10 -8 +38 -14 7 31360
28 2625 +30 +42 =24 =3 =37 =23 -5 -35 =18 +41 +22 -10 =26 7 31225
29 2635 =46 =18 =58 +35 =19 =42 +26 =13 -16 =14 -6 +43 =31 7 31120
30 2535 -28 =68 +72 =50 -39 -51 +62 +65 =32 =36 +25 +37 -15 7 30985
31 2605 +60 =57 =7 -2 =12 +55 =22 =21 +19 -9 =20 =23 =29 7 30980
32 2605 +59 =55 =13 -42 +45 +39 -3 -26 =30 =51 +49 +35 -12 7 30970
33 2605 -55 =61 +49 -19 +34 +18 -8 +51 =45 =35 -14 +47 =23 7 30930
34 2535 =20 -48 =68 =46 -33 +69 =57 =25 =47 =42 +65 =36 +45 7 30880
35 2575 =1 =11 =9 -29 +46 =48 +20 +28 =26 =33 -15 -32 =38 31480
36 2520 =48 =37 +62 =6 -23 =11 =38 +41 -15 =30 =52 =34 =40 31260
37 2605 =54 =36 +46 +18 =28 -9 =15 =14 -40 +56 =19 -30 =41 31165
38 2575 -17 +67 =11 -9 +69 =50 =36 -56 =25 +44 +39 -27 =35 31155
39 2595 +64 -17 +12 -1 +30 -32 +65 -11 +42 -24 -38 =48 +61 31150
40 2660 -21 +66 =16 +57 -43 +25 =27 =22 +37 -26 =23 -12 =36 30835
41 2590 =72 =2 -26 +73 =11 =20 =48 -36 +66 -28 +61 =51 =37 30735
42 2585 +74* -28 +27 +32 -7 =29 -11 =48 -39 =34 =46 =52 =49 6 31305
43 2595 +68 =4 +48 -24 +40 -1 -21 -18 +59 -20 +66 -29 =50 6 31195
44 2535 +5 =6 -10 -16 =57 +62 +50 -52 -24 -38 =67 =58 +68 6 31130
45 2585 +9 =50 -4 =11 -32 =70 +60 +47 =33 -18 +48 -19 -34 6 31090
46 2540 =29 =20 -37 =34 -35 +73 =25 +50 =48 -19 =42 =62 =47 6 31040
47 2600 =19 +54 -3 +61 -13 =14 =51 -45 =34 =50 +55 -33 =46 6 30995
48 2620 =36 +34 -43 +58 -6 =35 =41 =42 =46 =49 -45 =39 =52 6 30985
49 2580 =7 -1 -33 =60 =70 +66 =55 =58 +53 =48 -32 =50 =42 6 30910
50 2610 +61 =45 -55 =30 =18 =38 -44 -46 +63 =47 =56 =49 =43 6 30910
51 2625 =2 +72 =23 -26 -65 +30 =47 -33 +58 =32 =12 =41 -25 6 30840
52 2640 -57 =69 +73 -21 +63 -27 +53 +44 -22 -12 =36 =42 =48 6 30800
53 2535 =56 -13 -19 -69 +72 +71 -52 +64 -49 =59 -63 bye +66 6 30320
54 2475 =37 -47 -65 =67 -73 =68 +69 =71 =57 -66 bye +59 =63 6 30105
55 2485 +33 =32 +50 -7 -9 -31 =49 -12 +71 =62 -47 =68 =56 30935
56 2625 =53 +65 =25 =23 -16 =12 =19 +38 -27 -37 =50 -22 =55 30880
57 2540 +52 =31 -15 -40 =44 =59 =34 -20 =54 =58 =68 =66 =62 30820
58 2560 -4 +64 =29 -48 -20 =67 +72 =49 -51 =57 =59 =44 =60 30690
59 2485 -32 -27 +64 -62 +68 =57 +63 -19 -43 =53 =58 -54 bye 30505
60 2475 -31 -5 =66 =49 =71 +61 -45 =68 -65 bye =62 =64 =58 30335
61 2500 -50 =33 +69 -47 -27 -60 -68 +73 bye +64 -41 +67 -39 30325
62 2590 +73 -8 -36 +59 -5 -44 -30 =67 +70 =55 =60 =46 =57 30285
63 2650 -23 -26 +67 =70 -52 =64 -59 +72 -50 +73 +53 -25 =54 30225
64 2455 -39 -58 -59 bye =66 =63 +73 -53 =68 -61 +70 =60 =65 30200
65 2575 =13 -56 +54 =14 +51 -5 -39 -30 +60 -25 -34 =69 =64 5 30965
66 2495 -15 -40 =60 =72 =64 -49 +67 +70 -41 +54 -43 =57 -53 5 30435
67 2465 -6 -38 -63 =54 bye =58 -66 =62 +69 =68 =44 -61 =72 5 30330
68 2430 -43 =30 =34 -5 -59 =54 +61 =60 =64 =67 =57 =55 -44 5 30255
69 2485 -24 =52 -61 +53 -38 -34 -54 bye -67 =72 =73 =65 +71 5 30070
70 2455 -25 -12 bye =63 =49 =45 -18 -66 -62 +71 -64 =72 =73 30270
71 2330 +27 -7 -2 -12 =60 -53 bye =54 -55 -70 =72 +73 -69 30110
72 2410 =41 -51 -30 =66 -53 bye -58 -63 -73 =69 =71 =70 =67 4 30170
73 2425 -62 bye -52 -41 +54 -46 -64 -61 +72 -63 =69 -71 =70 4 30140
74 2320 -42* 0

Esam Aly Ahmed forfeited his first-round game against Pigusov and was dropped from the tournament.

1994–96 Championship tournament

The top 10 from the Interzonal were joined by 1993 FIDE World Champion Anatoly Karpov, 1993 FIDE runner-up Jan Timman, and 1993 Candidates semi-finalist Artur Yusupov.[2] [3] (The other 1993 semi-finalist was the excluded Nigel Short).

The first round matches were held in Wijk aan Zee in January 1994, and the second round matches and third round matches in Sanghi Nagar in July–August 1994 and February 1995, respectively. If tied after the specified number of games (which happened only in the Kamsky-Anand match), rapid chess games were played as tie breaks.[4]

The format was a departure from all previous world championships, in that the reigning champion (Karpov) was not seeded directly into a championship match. Instead, he joined the competition at the third round (Candidates final).

1996 Championship match

The final was held in Elista, Russia in June–July 1996 and played as best of 20 games.

FIDE World Chess Championship Match 1996
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Total
align=left 27701 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 10½
align=left 27350 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½

Karpov won and retained his title.

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9496fiix.htm 1993 FIDE Interzonal
  2. http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9496fcix.htm 1994-96 FIDE Candidates Matches
  3. http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9496fwix.htm 1996 Karpov - Kamsky FIDE Title Match
  4. http://www.chessninja.com/dailydirt/2008/10/wch-08-g6.htm WCh 08 g6: Anand Won, Kramnik Done