Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 explained

Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFRL1 gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, where amino acid sequence is highly conserved between members and throughout evolution. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ligand affinities and tissue distribution. A full-length representative protein would consist of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion of the protein interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. A marked difference between this gene product and the other family members is its lack of a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The result is a transmembrane receptor that could interact with other family members and potentially inhibit signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same isoform have been found for this gene.

Transgenic mice expressing the giraffe ortholog of FGFRL1 are resistant against hypertension induced by angiotensin II.^[2]

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–174 . January 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–156 . October 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Wiedemann M, Trueb B . Characterization of a novel protein (FGFRL1) from human cartilage related to FGF receptors . Genomics . 69 . 2 . 275–279 . October 2000 . 11031111 . 10.1006/geno.2000.6332 .
• Kim I, Moon S, Yu K, Kim U, Koh GY . A novel fibroblast growth factor receptor-5 preferentially expressed in the pancreas(1) . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1518 . 1–2 . 152–156 . March 2001 . 11267671 . 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00282-7 .
• Sleeman M, Fraser J, McDonald M, Yuan S, White D, Grandison P, Kumble K, Watson JD, Murison JG . Identification of a new fibroblast growth factor receptor, FGFR5 . Gene . 271 . 2 . 171–182 . June 2001 . 11418238 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00518-2 .
• Trueb B, Zhuang L, Taeschler S, Wiedemann M . Characterization of FGFRL1, a novel fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor preferentially expressed in skeletal tissues . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 36 . 33857–33865 . September 2003 . 12813049 . 10.1074/jbc.M300281200 . free .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment . Genome Research . 13 . 10 . 2265–2270 . October 2003 . 12975309 . 403697 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 .
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ . Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites . Protein Science . 13 . 10 . 2819–2824 . October 2004 . 15340161 . 2286551 . 10.1110/ps.04682504 .
• Antoine M, Wirz W, Tag CG, Mavituna M, Emans N, Korff T, Stoldt V, Gressner AM, Kiefer P . Expression pattern of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), their receptors and antagonists in primary endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells . Growth Factors . 23 . 2 . 87–95 . June 2005 . 16019430 . 10.1080/08977190500096004 . 27380246 .
• Schild C, Trueb B . Aberrant expression of FGFRL1, a novel FGF receptor, in ovarian tumors . International Journal of Molecular Medicine . 16 . 6 . 1169–1173 . December 2005 . 16273302 . 10.3892/ijmm.16.6.1169 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: FGFRL1 fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1.
2. Liu C, Gao J, Cui X, Li Z, Chen L, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Mei L, Zhao L, Cai D, Hu M, Zhou B, Li Z, Qin T, Si H, Li G, Lin Z, Xu Y, Zhu C, Yin Y, Zhang C, Xu W, Li Q, Wang K, Gilbert MT, Heller R, Wang W, Huang J, Qiu Q . A towering genome: Experimentally validated adaptations to high blood pressure and extreme stature in the giraffe . Science Advances . 7 . 12 . March 2021 . 33731352 . 7968835 . 10.1126/sciadv.abe9459 . 2021SciA....7.9459L .