FGC-9 explained

FGC-9
Type:Semiautomatic carbine
Origin:Germany
Designer:Jacob Duygu (JStark1809) of Deterrence Dispensed
Design Date:2018–2020
Production Date:2019–present
Variants:see variants
Is Ranged:yes
Wars:Myanmar civil war (2021–present)
Part Length:1141NaN1
Length:5201NaN1
Weight:2.11NaN1 without magazine
Action:Closed bolt blowback action
Cartridge:9×19mm
Sights:Picatinny rail
Feed:Glock magazine, including custom extended variants

The FGC-9 is a 3D-printable, semi-automatic, pistol-caliber carbine. The firearm was first designed and manufactured between 2018 and 2020 by Jacob Duygu, a Kurdish German gun designer known by the pseudonym "JStark1809".[1] In April 2021, a "MkII" revision was released. As of 2024, the FGC-9 is "by far" the world's most common printed gun, used by insurgents, militia members, terrorists, and drug traffickers in "at least 15 countries". The gun's most prominent promoter and co-designer is "Ivan The Troll," a man identified as John Elik in legal documents.[2]

Released with accompanying documentation to aid construction, assembly, and the home manufacture of suitable ammunition, the FGC-9's design generally circumvents the global regulation of firearm parts by avoiding regulated parts in favor of off-the-shelf materials. Though the majority of the firearm is 3D-printable, its pressure-bearing components are metal parts that may be purchased or homemade. The total cost of production, assuming the builder owns a 3D printer, is less than .[3] [4] [5] [6]

Etymology

The gun's name is an acronym for "Fuck Gun Control", where the "9" references its 9mm cartridge.[7]

Origin

The FGC-9 was originally designed and manufactured between 2018 and 2020 by JStark1809, a pseudonymous German-Kurdish[8] gun designer, with contributions from the "guerrilla 3D-gun file development group" Deterrence Dispensed, and was released on March 27, 2020. The design is based on an earlier 3D printable firearm, the Shuty AP-9 pistol by Derwood.[9] Where the "Shuty" relied on several factory-made or machined gun parts (like the barrel) in order to be completed, the FGC-9 made ergonomic and mechanical changes to accommodate builders without access to commercial gun parts or machine shops. These changes and documentation honor the mutual influence of Defense Distributed's Liberator and Philip Luty's even earlier SMG designs.

The FGC-9 is designed with Europeans in mind; fasteners and build materials use the metric standard and are available from hardware stores. The magazine can be 3D printed, and the entire design works without needing any regulated, commercial gun parts. The FGC-9's barrel can be completed in several ways, including the easily adopted method of electrochemical machining.[10] [11]

Mark II

An updated design, the MkII, was first announced on October 23, 2020 by En Bloc Press.[12] It was released on April 16, 2021 on DEFCAD and Odysee by user "The Gatalog".[13] The updated weapon uses a H&K MP5 style charging handle, an improved electro-chemical machining process to make the barrel, and some ergonomic improvements as well. The release was the final package in a string of multiple smaller releases, which included the improved barrel ECMv2.0 process, and the Menendez Mag v2.0, and the Common Sense Fire Control Group AR-15 printable trigger, all created by Ivan The Troll in preparation for the FGC-9 MkII release.[14]

Modifications

Due to the open-source nature of the FGC-9, there have been many packages released that alter the configuration, caliber, ergonomics, and other legally-restrictive qualities of the base-model firearm. These are all available through a wide variety of channels, all with different levels of testing, and allow the end user to customize their weapon as needed. One very common branch is replacing the buttstock with an ATF-approved pistol brace, in order for U.S. citizens to comply with NFA rifle and pistol requirements. Another common branch is replacing the barrel with a 16inches barrel in order to comply with U.S. minimum barrel length requirements, in addition to adding an extended handguard to replace the default one. The firearms hobbyist and instructor QueerArmorer created a version of the top rail for use in Myanmar by rebels fighting with limited access to optics in the Myanmar civil war, however its use was limited as another team from Deterrence Dispensed developed printable iron sights that allowed for more flexibility.[15]

Variants

NameDate made publicDesigner
FGC-9 MkII[16] [17] April 16, 2021JStark1809(DetDisp), IvanTheTroll(DetDisp), 3socksandcrocs(DetDisp)
  • Updated design with an H&K MP5 style charging handle.
  • Released to work with a string of smaller releases, including an improved barrel making process and V2 Menendez Mag. Includes the "ButWhatAboutAmmo" tutorial for fabricating ammunition.
FGC-9 MKII Stingray[18] [19] [20] June 18, 2022hotsauce
Partisan-9[21] [22] [23] [24] February 3, 2023ImmortalRevolt, Deterrents Dispensed / The Gatalog
  • Based on the FGC-9 MkII.
  • Has a ported barrel for integral suppression, similar to the MP5SD. Uses an improved ECM process to create the barrel.
  • Features a folding stock and buffer tube.
FGC-9 MKII Bufferless[25] [26] [27] Bufferless version with the bolt placed mostly forward similar to Mussy's WTF-9
FMGC-01[28] [29] Bufferless select fire variant that uses Sten magazines instead of Glock's
Nutty-9[30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] July 15, 2024TooAceForThisShit, Joe.Dirt, Ruby Grace Builds, NotThatTimmyHicks, IamArizona, DetDisp, The Gatalog, Black Lotus Coalition
  • an improved bolt design consisting of nothing more than four nuts and two bolts screwed into a printed connector piece, which eliminates the requirement for welding, significantly reducing both build costs and the required skill of the builder. This innovation removes the necessity of a welding machine from the construction process, making it simpler and more cost-efficient.
  • Comes in metric and imperial standards
  • Can use a Glock barrel or a custom made barrel like the original FGC-9
The Urutau[38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] August 20, 2024Joseph The Parrot, A.K.A. Zé Carioca
Bullpup variant which uses a telescoping bolt, a 3D printed fire control group/trigger designed from the ground up and CZ Scorpion magazines, notable for its quality documentation wriiten by RSmith28. While most of the underlying mechanics of The Urutau are comparable to the FGC-9, all parts were significantly redesigned. All parts are made from easily accessible, less-firearm-related components that improve supply chain resilience and enhance the builder's operational security when sourcing materials. The Urutau features a bolt designed to eliminate any welding requirements, eliminating the need for welding hardware and reducing the initial price by roughly $100, depending upon the builder's location. The estimated minimum cost to construct a Urutau stands at around $500 for the initial gun, including printer and hardware, and $200 for each subsequent gun. Aside from the ejection port, the entire gun is ambidextrous. The controls are all extremely basic so that non-English speakers with little firearm experience may intuitively understand how to use them. In addition to the manual safety mechanism, the Urutau incorporates safety features to manage the risk of an out-of-battery detonation. The hammer's geometry is designed to ensure that it cannot make contact with the firing pin unless the bolt is in battery. In the unlikely event of an out-of-battery detonation, a specially engineered channel redirects gasses upwards and away from the user, enhancing safety and minimizing the risk of injury.

Materials

The upper and lower receivers of the FGC-9 are fully 3D-printed, as are its pistol grip and stock. Its magazine, based on the Glock magazine design, may also be printed. For the MkI, an AR-15 or modified airsoft trigger system is needed for the fire control. In the MkII release, the developers released a package to 3D-print the AR-15 trigger. The barrel can be rifled polygonally through electrochemical machining. Some designers have estimated the tooling to complete the FGC-9, including the price of the printer (~$200) and electrochemical machining equipment (~$100), at $500.[48] JStark1809 himself estimated the project to take 1.5 to 2 weeks to build.[49]

Availability

The gun's 3D-printing files were released under an open-source license on DEFCAD by JStark1809, and then uploaded to various hosting platforms by Deterrence Dispensed such as Odysee, a free-speech blockchain based video, audio and file hosting site using the LBRY protocol.

According to Rajan Basra, a professor at International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of War Studies at King's College London, the FGC is particularly popular among far-right groups due to the sharing of its instructions in extremist internet forums.[50]

Promotion

Ivan the Troll, the one of the head/admin of Deterrence Dispensed/Gatalog and FGC-9 co-designer, actively promotes the use of the gun in podcasts[51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] and YouTube videos.[65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] According to the Rajan Basra, a professor at International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of War Studies at King's College London, Nathan Mayer, a security researcher from the United States, and New York Times, "court documents, corporate records and information posted on his social media accounts" link Ivan to one John Elik, a 26-year-old licensed gunmaker in Illinois. [71]

Investigations

Jake Hanrahan of Popular Front interviewed JStark1809 about the FGC-9 and 3D printed guns in November 2020.[49] JStark1809 stated that he had no background in engineering, taught himself CAD, and learned what he needed through widely-available resources on the internet. With his rudimentary operation, he showed how to manufacture an FGC-9 in two weeks or less. He shot the gun in a forest and demonstrated its reliability and rapid firing rate. JStark1809 described his absolutist belief in the right to keep and make arms, as well as his desire to make the weapons widely available in order to protect human rights. Hanrahan described him as "one of the most dangerous people" he had ever met and criticized authorities for underestimating the power of 3D-printed guns.[49]

Der Spiegel reported in October 2021 that British financial services had provided clues on the identity of JStark1809 to the Federal Criminal Police Office, and they identified a 28-year-old man in Völklingen who went by "Jacob D." Police had raided his home that June, though they found no weapons and did not take him into custody. Two days after the raid, he was found dead in his car in front of his parents' home in Hannover. Coroners determined the cause of death to be a heart attack and ruled out foul play.[72]

In October 2023, a report published by the International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence named JStark1809 as Jacob Duygu, a German national born to Kurdish parents who arrived as refugees from Southeast Turkey in the 1990s. The report claims he is the author of hundreds of anonymous internet posts, but does so using statistical inference from language patterns rather than direct evidence.[73] The recovered posts are xenophobic, racist, antisemitic, and misogynistic, and endorse anti-State violence. Direct evidence of Jacob's life as an incel, and his desire to travel to Southeast Asia and commit suicide, has been found in episode 5 of investigative journalist Naama Kates' podcast The Incel Project.[74] [75]

Users and use

According to the New York Times, from 2021-2024, the FGC-9 has been used by or found in possession of "paramilitaries in Northern Ireland, rebels in Myanmar and neo-Nazis in Spain", and has become a "staple" weapon of "the world's far-right extremists". Improvised factories for making the gun have been found in Australia, France and Spain. As of September 2024, an FGC-9 has not been linked to a homicide by law enforcement agencies, but this may be "because traditional forensic techniques are not always reliable on homemade weapons".[76]

MkII variant seen in the hands of a member of the dissident Irish republican paramilitary Óglaigh na hÉireann during a parade in Easter 2022.[87] [88]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2024-03-02 . Jacob Duygu: Incel who mysteriously died unmasked as creator of world's most popular 3D-printed gun . Sky News . 2024-03-24 . 2024-03-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240302032736/https://news.sky.com/story/jacob-duygu-incel-who-mysteriously-died-unmasked-as-creator-of-worlds-most-popular-3d-printed-gun-12997178 . live .
  2. Web site: Lawsuits, Rivalries, and Trolls: Examining the Behaviour of the 3D-Printed Gun Movement . 10 September 2024 .
  3. Book: JStark1809 . FGC 9 Mk II Guide . 2021-04-16 . 2023-06-16.
  4. Web site: BUNDLE! – FGC9 MKII Kit - MAF Corp . 30 June 2021 .
  5. Web site: FGC9 MK II Build Kit .
  6. Web site: FGC9 MK II Build Kit .
  7. Web site: FGC9 File Drop, CTRL+Pew. 2020-10-26. CTRL+Pew. 5 April 2020. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20230406160038/https://ctrlpew.com/fgc9-file-drop-2/. April 6, 2023.
  8. Web site: A clip from jake hanrahan's interview with jstark. . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220327000551/https://twitter.com/jake_hanrahan/status/1447279993604689924?t=VZFaz6gndYLg1yIPLDORPw&s=19. March 27, 2022.
  9. Web site: 2020-05-02. Derwood's AP9 vs JStark1809s FGC9. 2021-04-25. Programming and Potatoes. https://web.archive.org/web/20210425184203/https://blog.itske.vin/post/616976731436367872/derwoods-ap9-vs-jstark1809s-fgc9. 2021-04-25. en-US.
  10. Web site: 2020-03-28. The FGC-9 Fulfills the Promise of 3D Printed Guns. 2020-10-26. En Bloc Press. en-US.
  11. Web site: ImproGuns. August 13, 2019. Make a Factory Quality 9mm Rifled Barrel in your Kitchen Using Salt Water and Electricity (ECM). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230411031652/https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2019/08/13/make-a-factory-quality-9mm-rifled-barrel-in-your-kitchen-using-salt-water-and-electricity-ecm/. April 11, 2023. April 21, 2023. TheFirearmBlog.
  12. Web site: 2020-10-23 . The FGC-9 MkII: An Early Look With JStark1809 . dead . 2020-10-26 . En Bloc Press . en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20201207031554/https://www.enblocpress.com/3d-printed-guns/exclusive-fgc-9-mkii-with-designer-jstark1809/. December 7, 2020.
  13. Web site: FGC-9 MKII. 2021-04-19. Odysee.
  14. Web site: 2021-04-17. FGC-9 MkII File Package Release. 2021-04-25. The Kommando Blog. https://web.archive.org/web/20210425185709/https://www.kommandoblog.com/2021/04/17/fgc-9-mkii-file-package-release/. 2021-04-25. en-US.
  15. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMUV4L7ha-I&t=37m39s Ditto Nation Episode 2, "3D Printed Firearm Culture"
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  17. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
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  20. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
  21. Web site: Partisan 9 3D Printed . 7 February 2023 .
  22. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
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  28. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
  29. Web site: 2023-01-30 . The FMGC-01- A compact select-fire PCC for Europe . 2024-03-24 . Impro Guns . 2023-01-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230130115820/https://homemadeguns.wordpress.com/2022/11/14/the-fmgc-01-a-compact-select-fire-pcc-for-europe/ . live .
  30. Web site: The Nutty 9 .
  31. https://x.com/DrDeath1776/status/1812517755905855639
  32. Web site: The Nutty 9 .
  33. https://x.com/ModeratorGage/status/1812517347221287260
  34. Web site: Nutty 9 assembly guide . 13 July 2024 .
  35. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
  36. Web site: 2024-04-15 . Conversation with Nutty 9 Co-Developer TooAceForThis[redacted] ]. 2024-04-15 . YouTube . https://web.archive.org/web/20240415044902/https://www.youtube.com/live/R4znscYT7CI?si=BmA9msvGF3osSMwO . 15 April 2024 .
  37. Web site: Printing Terror: An Empirical Overview of the Use of 3D-Printed Firearms by Right-Wing Extremists . 28 June 2024 .
  38. Web site: Urutau Documentation . 20 August 2024 .
  39. Web site: The Urutau . 2024-08-27 . Odysee.
  40. https://armamentresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ARES-Research-Report-No-8-Desktop-Firearms-2023-Update-EARLY-ACCESS.pdf
  41. Web site: The Brazilian JStark - ZÃ Carioca 3DPGP EP19 .
  42. Web site: Conversation with Urutau Dev: ZÃ Carioca . . 16 December 2022 .
  43. Web site: ZÃ Carioca . . 9 April 2023 .
  44. News: Yannick Veilleux-Lepage, PhD on LinkedIn: About an hour ago, the files for the Urutau hybrid pistol-caliber carbine... .
  45. Web site: Urutau . 27 February 2023 .
  46. Web site: 3D-printed guns look like children's toys. They're lethal and on the rise | 7.30 . . 4 November 2024 .
  47. Web site: Maryland man wanted after arsenal of weapons found, including 3D-printed 'ghost guns' . 12 November 2024 .
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  49. Popular Front . Nov 23, 2020 . Plastic Defence: Illegal 3D Printed Guns in Europe. en . April 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230407173050/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlB2QV5wVxg . April 7, 2023. Youtube.
  50. News: Vallance . Chris . 3D printed guns: Warnings over growing threat of 3D firearms . 9 November 2022 . BBC News . 9 November 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20230414090623/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-63495123. April 14, 2023.
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  52. Web site: This Week in Guns Archives .
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  55. Web site: Ivan the Troll 3DPGP EP4 .
  56. Web site: 058: Ivan the Troll & Print, Shoot, Repeat! - 3D Printed [Bead] Blasters! ].
  57. Web site: 91. Plastikov and the 3D Printed Gun Renaissance .
  58. Web site: 058: Ivan the Troll & Print, Shoot, Repeat! - 3D Printed [Bead] Blasters! - ].
  59. Web site: The Ghost Gun: An interview with 'Ivan the Troll' .
  60. Web site: Unregistered 144: CTRLPew, Jeff Rodriguez, and Ivan Unregistered Podcast with Thaddeus Russell . 15 December 2020 .
  61. Web site: 5: Come and Print It – Ivan the Troll - Guns N' Bitcoin Newsletter (Podcast) . 16 September 2019 .
  62. Web site: Gun Printing 101 with IvanTheTroll (Podcast/Transcript!) . 31 January 2021 .
  63. Web site: Season 2 Episode 1 : Ivan the Troll . . 10 September 2022 .
  64. Web site: Season 2 Episode 9 : Ivan the Troll .
  65. Web site: IvanPrintsGuns . Odysee.
  66. Web site: IvanPrintsGuns . .
  67. Web site: Ivan's CAD Streams .
  68. https://x.com/navigoboom
  69. Web site: Get more from Ivan on Patreon .
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "FGC-9".

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