Dulkadir Eyalet Explained

Native Name:Maraş Eyaleti
Common Name:Dulkadir Eyalet
Subdivision:Eyalet
Nation:Ottoman Empire
Year End:1864
P1:Dulkadirids
S1:Aleppo Vilayet
S2:Diyarbekir Vilayet
Image Map Caption:The Dulkadir Eyalet in 1609
Capital:Marash[1]

Dulkadir Eyalet (Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: ایالت ذو القادریه / دولقادر|Eyālet-i Ẕū l-Ḳādirīye / Ḍūlḳādir)[2] or Marash Eyalet (Turkish: Maraş Eyaleti) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.

History

The Dulkadirids were the last of the Anatolian emirates to yield to the Ottomans, managing to remain independent until 1521, and were not fully incorporated into the empire until 1530.[3]

It is unclear when the eyalet was formed. Ottoman historian Ibn Kemal explained that the territory formerly ruled by Ali was divided into five sanjaks with governors appointed by the central government with no mention of the appointment of a beylerbey. The province was described as, a region instead of an eyalet, by the 1526 defter. A record, thought to be from 1527, listed Marash as part of Karaman Eyalet, while Bozok belonged to Rum Eyalet. Dulkadir Eyalet was likely established shortly after the grand vizier Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha extinguished the Kalenderoghlu revolt the same year and took administrative precautions to maintain order in the realm. Historian attests to the beylerbey of Dulkadir in in 1538.

Administrative divisions

Sanjaks Former eyalet Joined Left Later eyalet (or vilayet) Note
MarashKaraman1850AdanaCapital sanjak.
AintabAleppo1818Aleppo
BozokRum1574RumSporadically changed hands between Dulkadir and Rum Eyalet until its permanent transfer to the latter by 1574.
UzayrDamascus15341553Aleppo
TarsusAleppoBy 1538By Dec. 1549Karaman
KaramanBy Jan. 155930 July 1571Cyprus
Sis1538–154830 July 1571Cyprus
MalatyaRum15591559Rum
Rum15681839Diyarbekir
Kars1568–1574Before 1831
Samsat1568–1574After 1831
Gerger1831

Demographics

In the early 16th century, a significant portion of the province's population was composed of nomadic Turkmens of the Dulkadir tribe. According to the 1526 defter, the region consisted of 69,481 households (approximately 350,000 people), 48,665 (about 245,000 people), 18,158, and 2,631 of whom were Dulkadir nomads, settled Muslims, and Christians, respectively. The region included 523 villages, 3412 hamlets, 62 farms, 64 kishlaks (winter pastures), and 35 yaylaks (summer pastures).

The population of the eyalet increased in 1570–1580, when it housed 113,028 households (approximately 550,000 people), 70,368, 38,497, and 4163 of whom were settled Muslims, nomads, and Christians, respectively. Around those times, the province had 2169 sworded timars and 5500 levy. During the 17th century, it increased to 2869 sworded timar and 6800 levy.

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Book: Macgregor, John . Commercial statistics. A digest of the productive resources, commercial legislation, customs tariffs, of all nations. Including all British commercial treaties with foreign states. 12 February 2024. 1850. Whittaker and co.. 12.
  2. Web site: Some Provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Geonames.de. 25 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130928180044/http://www.geonames.de/coutr-ota-provinces.html. 28 September 2013. dead.
  3. Book: Gábor Ágoston. Bruce Alan Masters. Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. 2013-06-26. 2009-01-01. Infobase Publishing. 978-1-4381-1025-7. 41.