Expressway S86 (Poland) Explained

Country:POL
Type:S
Route:86
Map:NowaMapaS86.svg
Length Km:5.9
Length Round:1
Terminus A:Sosnowiec
Terminus B:Katowice
Regions:Silesian Voivodeship
Cities:Sosnowiec, Katowice
Image Notes:Express road S86 in Sosnowiec
Maint:GDDKiA
Previous Type:S
Previous Route:79
Next Type:S
Next Route:1

Expressway S86 (Polish: Droga ekspresowa S86, abbreviated as S86) – built from 1978 to 1986[1] section of national road 86 with a length of 5.9km (03.7miles),[2] connecting Katowice (Roździeńskiego Avenue, Murckowska Street and Bagienna Street junction) with Sosnowiec (Pogoń junction).[3] In Katowice the road is a part of Walentego Roździeńskiego Avenue; in 2010 it was the most,[4] and continuously since 2015 the second most busiest road in Poland,[5] [6] [7] and at the same time a leader among expressways with the highest number of traffic collisions and accidents in 2016.[8]

The route has two carriageways with three lanes on each other. Since 1999 it is maintained by General Directorate for National Roads and Highways (Polish: Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad). On September 13, 2015, the government changed the ordinance of the motorways and expressways, officially including the S86 expressway in it,[9] making it the shortest of all expressways in Poland. It is also one of the few expressways that at present time are not connected with the rest of the network of motorways and expressways.

Traffic

Being the main route of traffic between Zagłębie Dąbrowskie and Upper Silesian part of Katowice urban area,[10] expressway S86 is a high traffic road, which is known for frequent traffic jams. According to General Traffic Measurement conducted by GDDKiA in 2010, it carries heaviest traffic in Poland with average of 104339 vehicles daily and from 2015, second with the heaviest traffic in Poland, following Warsaw section of expressway S8, with 112212 vehicles daily and similar number in 2020 and following years[11] . According to Robert Tomanek, professor at University of Economics in Katowice, 100000 vehicles daily is an absolute limit of road's capacity.[12] He points also that the widening of the route is impossible due to the neighboring buildings. It is the one of the three expressways in Poland on which the traffic movement freedom index (Polish: poziom swobody ruchu, PSR) in 2017 was classified as the lowest one, with a C mark (very exceeded). According to General Traffic Measurement maps, the most generated traffic was from Zagłębie cities adjacent to Katowice: Sosnowiec, Czeladź, Będzin, but 80% of that traffic consists of passenger cars.[13] Professor Jerzy Runge at University of Silesia connects the excessive traffic load on the route with the polycentric model of the labor market in the region, where Katowice clearly dominates the local market, which had redirected the stream of people moving towards Katowice from adjacent cities.[14] Over 8 times more people travel from Sosnowiec to Katowice for work than in the opposite direction, and it is a record on national scale. On a working day, according to KZK GOP (Polish: Komunikacyjny Związek Komunalny Górnośląskiego Okręgu Przemysłowego), 44,000 people travel by buses running via S86 from Sosnowiec and Dąbrowa. On Saturdays, 19,000, and on Sunday, 13,000. The bottleneck at the connection with national road 79 leading from Mysłowice[15] is also indicated as the cause of road congestion.

Alternative connections

Because of the impossible to be resolved problems with road's capacity and traffic characteristics, where the basis is local traffic related to commuting to work, ways of redirecting part of the traffic to alternative transport are being sought.[16] [17] [18]

Public transport

The public transport between Sosnowiec and Katowice is assessed as poor. The bus lines do not make an alternative, because they run on S86 and the excessive traffic makes significant delays of buses at the times of the heaviest passenger load.[19] Bus line 15 has an alternative route,[20] but is criticized for the travel time and costs, which make it much less attractive than transport by car.[21]

Fast tram

In 2017, there was a concept of building a second, faster than line 15, tram connection between Sosnowiec and Katowice, which would run parallel to S86. However, in 2020 the project was stuck at the level of selecting the company that would prepare a design study for Tramwaje Śląskie.

Bus lanes

In 2022, Kazimierz Karolczak, the chairman of the Metropolis GZM board, suggested creation of bus lanes on S86. Earlier, in 2018, the same concept was proposed by Arkadiusz Chęciński, president of Sosnowiec. The idea was rejected by GDDKiA as impossible for realization, mostly because of the road's capacity, "bottleneck" on junction with road 79 and the expressway status.[22] [23]

Bicycle routes and bicycle highways

Katowice do not have a consistent, uniform connection with Sosnowiec by bike paths and the system of planned bike ways do not guarantee the fastest connection of the cities.[24] In 2016, a concept of building fast bike way from Sosnowiec to Katowice on the former route of sand railway emerged.[25] In 2019, thanks to Metropolis GZM, the concept took on the actual shape of velostrada, with the route parallel to S86 as an alternative connection[26] that allows to travel by bicycle in 25–30 minutes, and by electric bicycle and motorized scooter even in 20 minutes.[27]

Traffic accidents and collisions

Among the expressways, S86 is in the first place as the most dangerous road in Poland: on average, 113 collisions and accidents were reported per 1 km of road in almost entire year, which gives an average of almost 2 collisions daily for the entire 5.9km (03.7miles) stretch.[28] In 2016, 599 collisions and accidents occurred there, which was the highest result for all of roads in Katowice.[29]

An important factor mentioned in connection with the collision on the S86 route is the fact that any collision on this route can paralyze the region.[30]

External links

50.1304°N 19.025°W

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2017-10-13 . S86 . 2023-03-09 . moto.wp.pl . pl.
  2. Web site: S86 Katowice (węzeł Roździeńskiego) - Sosnowiec (węzeł Pogoń) . Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad - Serwis informacyjny . 2023-03-09 . S86 Katowice (Roździeńskiego junction) - Sosnowiec (Pogoń junction) . pl.
  3. Web site: Przebieg dróg krajowych w województwie śląskim . Route of national roads in Silesian Voivodeship . Śląski Wojewódzki Inspektor Nadzoru Geodezyjnego i Kartograficznego . 2023-10-09 . pl .
  4. Web site: Generalny Pomiar Ruchu w roku 2010 . General Traffic Measurement in 2010 . Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad - Serwis informacyjny . pl . 2023-10-09.
  5. Web site: 2018-07-20 . TOP 10 najbardziej zatłoczonych linii autobusowych Sosnowiec - Katowice. S86, Roździeńskiego, to najbardziej zatłoczona droga regionu . TOP 10 most crowded Sosnowiec - Katowice bus lines. S86, Roździeńskiego, is the most congested road in the region . 2023-03-09 . . pl.
  6. Web site: Generalny Pomiar Ruchu w roku 2015 . General Traffic Measurement in 2015 . Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad - Serwis informacyjny . pl . 2023-10-09.
  7. Web site: Generalny Pomiar Ruchu 2020/2021 . 2020/2021 General Traffic Measurement . Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad . 2023-10-09 . gov.pl . pl.
  8. Web site: Najbardziej niebezpieczne drogi w Polsce [MAPY] Na S86 jest najgorzej! ]. The most dangerous roads in Poland [MAPS] S86 is the worst! . Agnieszka Strzelczyk . 2017-12-21 . 2023-10-09 . . pl.
  9. Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 13 października 2015 r. zmieniające rozporządzenie w sprawie sieci autostrad i dróg ekspresowych. 2015. 1734. 2015-10-13.
  10. Web site: Plan Zrównoważonej Mobilności Miejskiej Subregionu Centralnego Województwa Śląskiego . Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan of the Central Subregion of the Silesian Voivodeship . Robert . Tomanek . Ryszard . Janecki . Grzegorz . Karoń . Grzegorz . Krawczyk . Łukasz . Kosobucki . 2016 . 2023-10-09 . 10.13140/RG.2.1.4082.2164.
  11. Potencjał ludnościowy miast a sieć autostrad i dróg ekspresowych w Polsce . Population potential of cities and the network of highways and expressways in Poland . Czasopismo Geograficzne . 92 . 2 . 2021 . 217–256 . 10.12657/czageo-92-10 . 2023-10-09 . Koziarski . Stanisław M. .
  12. Web site: Najbardziej zatłoczone drogi woj. śląskiego. Liczba aut. Dane GDDKiA. Generalny Pomiar Ruchu 2020 . The most congested roads of Silesian Voivodesip. The amount of vehicles. Data by GDDKiA. 2020 General Traffic Measurement . Dorota Niećko . 2020-02-20 . 2023-10-09 . Dziennik Zachodni . pl.
  13. Web site: Emilian . Szczepański . Roland . Jachimowski . Michał . Kłowdawski . Konrad . Lewczuk . Piotr . Gołębiowski . Ilona . Jacyna-Gołda . Identyfikacja połączeń drogowych o największym obciążeniu ruchem w krajowym systemie transportowym . Identification of road connections with the highest traffic load in the national transport system . Logistyka . 4/2014 . 2014 . pl . 2023-10-09.
  14. Web site: Z miasta do miasta za pracą, czyli dojazd do pracy w Polsce . From city to city for work, i.e. commuting to work in Poland . Marcin Zasada . 2014-04-01 . 2023-10-09 . Dziennik Zachodni . pl.
  15. Web site: Variants to improve traffic conditions in the bottleneck in road network of the upper silesian conurbation. . D. Wnuk, G. Karoń . 2014 . 2023-10-09 . PDF.
  16. Web site: Szef Metropolii ma pomysł! Buspas od Katowic do Sosnowca. "Komunikacja miejska już jest alternatywą dla auta?" . Chief of Metropolis has an idea! Bus lane from Katowice to Sosnowiec. "Is the public transport an alternative for a car?" . Jarek Adamski . 2022-01-18 . 2023-10-09 . Dziennik Metropolii . pl.
  17. Web site: Chcą wybudować rowerowe autostrady na Śląsku i w Zagłębiu. Mieszkańcy czekają na to od dawna . They want to build bicycle highways in Silesia and Zagłębie. The residents are waiting for it for a long time . Renata Cius . 2021-03-17 . 2023-10-09 . . pl.
  18. Web site: Nowa linia tramwajowa z Sosnowca do Katowic w "zawieszeniu". Podróż wzdłuż drogi ekspresowej S86 byłaby szybsza . New tram line from Sosnowiec to Katowice in "suspension". Travel along the expressway S86 would be faster . Wojciech Todur . 2021-11-08 . 2023-10-09 . wyborcza.pl Sosnowiec . pl.
  19. Web site: Szybki tramwaj Sosnowiec - Katowice wzdłuż trasy DK86 rozładuje korki? Pomysł sie podoba . Will fast tram Sosnowiec - Katowice along the DK86 route relieve traffic jams? The idea is popular . Tomasz Szymczyk . 2017-03-03 . 2023-10-09 . . pl.
  20. Web site: Zakorkowana S86 z Sosnowca do Katowic. I tak przez kilka tygodni . Congested S86 from Sosnowiec to Katowice. And so for a few weeks . Marcelina Przystał-Skarżyńska . 2022-09-26 . 2023-10-09 . TVS.pl . pl.
  21. Web site: "Piętnastka" z Sosnowca do Katowic dla wytrwałych lub miłośników. Mogłoby być szybciej . "Fifteen" from Sosnowiec to Katowice for persistent people or enthusiasts. It could be faster . 2022-12-23 . 2023-10-09 . Katowice24.info . pl.
  22. Web site: "Nie" dla buspasa wzdłuż alei Roździeńskiego . "No" for bus lane along Roździeńskiego Avenue . Monika Cygnarowska . 2018-09-30 . 2023-10-10 . Twoje Zagłębie . pl.
  23. Web site: Korki w metropolii: co rozładuje ruch? Buspas, ITS... Potrzebny zintegrowany system zarządzania ruchem i przywileje dla komunikacji . Traffic jams in metropolis: what would relieve the traffic? Bus lane, ITS... An integrated traffic management system and privileges for communication are needed . Anna Dziedzic . 2021-03-15 . 2023-10-10 . Dziennik Zachodni . pl.
  24. Web site: 14 kilometrów nowych dróg rowerowych w 2019 w Katowicach. Gdzie? MAPA . 14 kilometers of new bike paths in 2019 in Katowice. Where? MAP . JPP . 2019-04-03 . 2023-10-10 . Katowice Nasze Miasto . pl.
  25. Web site: Rowerowa autostrada połączy Katowice z Chorzowem? ZDJĘCIA, WIDEO Program Velo Silesia . Will bicycle highway connect Katowice with Chorzów? PHOTOS, VIDEO Silesia Velo Program . Justyna Przybytek-Pawlik . 2016-04-01 . 2023-10-10 . Dziennik Zachodni . pl.
  26. Web site: W Katowicach może powstać kilka autostrad rowerowych, ale najpierw metropolia musi się porozumieć z miastem . In Katowice there may be a few bicycle highways, but first, the metropolis must communicate with city . 2021-05-13 . 2023-10-10 . Katowice24.info . pl.
  27. Web site: Betonoza i bloki, zamiast velostrady Katowice-Sosnowiec? GZM: Liczymy na porozumienie . Concreteosis and apartment buildings instead of Katowice-Sosnowiec velostrada? GZM: We hope for agreement . Magdalena Zmysłowska . 2023-02-16 . 2023-10-10 . ŚląskiBiznes.pl . pl.
  28. Web site: S86 to najniebezpieczniejsza droga w Polsce. Fatalnie na DK86, S1, S52 RANKING NIEBEZPIECZNYCH DRÓG . S86 is the most dangerous road in Poland. Terrible on DK86, S1, S52 RANKING OF DANGEROUS ROADS . DN . 2017-12-20 . 2023-10-10 . Katowice Nasze Miasto . pl.
  29. Web site: 6337 wypadków i kolizji w 2016 roku w Katowicach. Które drogi są najmniej bezpieczne? . 6337 accidents and collisions in 2016 in Katowice. Which roads are the least safe? . Przemysław Jedlecki . 2017-02-08 . 2023-10-10 . wyborcza.pl Katowice . pl.
  30. Web site: Oto 25 najbardziej zatłoczonych dróg w woj. śląskim [DANE GDDKiA] ]. Here are the 25 most congested roads in Silesian Voivodeship [GDDKiA DATA] . Dorota Niećko . 2020-02-21 . 2023-10-10 . Dąbrowa Górnicza Nasze Miasto . pl.

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