| Expedition 66 | |
| Operator: | NASA / Roscosmos |
| Mission Type: | Long-duration expedition |
| Crew Size: | 7-10 |
| Crew Evas: | 4 |
| Crew Eva Duration: | 25 hours 31 minutes |
| Crew Photo: | File:Expedition 66 crew portrait.jpg |
| Crew Photo Caption: | Expedition 66 crew portrait |
| Crew Photo Size: | 300px |
| Space Station: | International Space Station |
| Start Date: | 17 October 2021, 01:14 UTC[1] |
| End Date: | 30 March 2022, 07:21:03 |
| Arrival Craft: | Soyuz MS-18 SpaceX Crew-2 Soyuz MS-19 SpaceX Crew-3 Soyuz MS-21 |
| Departure Craft: | SpaceX Crew-2 Soyuz MS-19 |
| Insignia: | File:ISS Expedition 66 Patch.svg |
| Insignia Caption: | Expedition 66 mission patch, resembling that of U.S. Route 66 |
| Insignia Size: | 200px |
| Programme: | ISS expeditions |
| Previous Mission: | Expedition 65 |
| Next Mission: | Expedition 67 |
Expedition 66 was the 66th long-duration expedition to the International Space Station. The mission began after the departure of Soyuz MS-18 on 17 October 2021.[2] It was commanded by European Space Agency astronaut Thomas Pesquet, the fourth European astronaut and first French astronaut to command the ISS[3] until 8 November 2021 when Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov, who arrived aboard Soyuz MS-19, took over his command.[4]
Pesquet was transported to the ISS on SpaceX Crew-2 in April 2021, joined by NASA astronauts Shane Kimbrough and Megan McArthur and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide.[5] Crew-2 from Expedition 65 extended their tour of duty on the ISS to become part of Expedition 66,[6] along with Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, who both launched on Soyuz MS-18 and returned to Earth on Soyuz MS-19, following their extended mission. Russian cosmonaut Shkaplerov launched on Soyuz MS-19, along with two participants in the joint film project between Roscosmos and Channel One, The Challenge: film director Klim Shipenko and actress Yulia Peresild.
SpaceX Crew-3, launched 10 November 2021, carried NASA astronauts Raja Chari, Thomas Marshburn, and Kayla Barron and ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer to the ISS.[7] At the end of Expedition 66, they remained on the ISS as part of Expedition 67 while Dubrov and Vande Hei returned to Earth aboard Soyuz MS-19.[8] However, continued international collaboration has been thrown into doubt by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions on Russia.[9]
| Flight | Astronaut | First part (17October8November 2021) | Second part (811November 2021)[10] | Third part (11November 202118March 2022) | Fourth part (1830March 2022) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soyuz MS-19 |  Anton Shkaplerov, Roscosmos Fourth and last spaceflight | Flight Engineer | Commander | ||
| Pyotr Dubrov, Roscosmos First spaceflight | Flight Engineer | ||||
 Mark T. Vande Hei, NASA Second spaceflight | Flight Engineer | ||||
| SpaceX Crew-2 | Shane Kimbrough, NASA Third and last spaceflight | Flight Engineer | Off Station | ||
| Megan McArthur, NASA Second spaceflight | Flight Engineer | Off Station | |||
 Akihiko Hoshide, JAXA Third spaceflight | Flight Engineer | Off Station | |||
 Thomas Pesquet, ESASecond spaceflight | Commander | Off Station | |||
| SpaceX Crew-3 | Raja Chari, NASA First spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | ||
| Thomas Marshburn, NASA Third and last spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | |||
| Matthias Maurer, ESA First spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | |||
| Kayla Barron, NASA First spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | |||
| Soyuz MS-21 | Oleg Artemyev, Roscosmos Third spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | ||
| Denis Matveev, Roscosmos Only spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | |||
| Sergey Korsakov, Roscosmos First spaceflight | Off Station | Flight Engineer | |||