Exostema Explained

Exostema is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees and shrubs, endemic to the neotropics, with most of the species occurring in the West Indies.[1] [2]

Description

Exostema is a genus of neotropical trees and shrubs. The flowers have a slender corolla tube with recurved corolla lobes. The stamens are inserted near the base of the corolla tube and exserted well beyond its mouth. The anthers are long and basifixed.[3]

Systematics

The type species for the genus is Exostema caribaeum.[4] It is a tree of Central America and the Caribbean. Its lumber is of limited use.[1]

Exostema was first named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon as a subgenus of Cinchona.[5] It was first validly published as a genus by Aimé Bonpland in 1807.[6] [7] The generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek words, exo, meaning "outside", and stema, "stamen".[8]

As circumscribed in 2010, Exostema was probably polyphyletic.[9] Species have since been moved to other genera.

Species

, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[10]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Mabberley DJ. 2008. Mabberley's Plant Book. 3. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-82071-4.
  2. Web site: Exostema in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae. 20 June 2014.
  3. McDowell T. Bremer B. 1998. Phylogeny, diversity, and distribution in Exostema (Rubiaceae): implications of morphological and molecular analyses. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 212. 3–4. 215–246. 10.1007/bf01089740. 1998PSyEv.212..215M . 23714607.
  4. Web site: Exostema in the Index Nominum Genericorum. 20 June 2014.
  5. Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. 1805. Synopsis plantarum,seu Enchiridium botanicum, complectens enumerationem systematicam specierum hucusque cognitarum /curante. 1:196.
  6. Web site: Exostema in the International Plant Names Index. 20 June 2014.
  7. Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland. 1807. Plantes équinoxiales recueillies au Mexique :dans l'île de Cuba, dans les provinces de Caracas, de Cumana et de Barcelone, aux Andes de la Nouvelle Grenade, de Quito et du Pérou, et sur les bords du rio-Negro de Orénoque et de la rivière des Amazones. 1:131. F. Schoell: Paris, France.
  8. Book: Quattrocchi U. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. 1. CRC Press. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London. 978-0-8493-2675-2.
  9. Manns U, Bremer B. 2010. Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56. 21–39. 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. 20382247. 1.
  10. Web site: Exostema (Pers.) Bonpl. . Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023-03-19 .

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