Excitatory amino acid transporter 4 explained

Excitatory amino-acid transporter 4 (EAAT4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC1A6 gene.^{[1] [2]}

EAAT4 is expressed predominantly in the cerebellum, has high affinity for the excitatory amino acids L-aspartate and L-glutamate. When stimulated by these amino acids, EAAT4 conducts chloride ions.^[2]

Further reading

• Deng X, Shibata H, Takeuchi N . Association study of polymorphisms in the glutamate transporter genes SLC1A1, SLC1A3, and SLC1A6 with schizophrenia. . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 144B . 3 . 271–8 . 2007 . 17221839 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.30351 . 42347750 . etal.
• Need AC, Keefe RS, Ge D . Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotic response in the CATIE trial: a candidate gene analysis. . Eur. J. Hum. Genet. . 17 . 7 . 946–57 . 2009 . 19156168 . 10.1038/ejhg.2008.264 . 2986499. etal.
• Poulsen MV, Vandenberg RJ . Niflumic acid modulates uncoupled substrate-gated conductances in the human glutamate transporter EAAT4. . J. Physiol. . 534 . Pt 1 . 159–67 . 2001 . 11432999 . 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.00159.x. 2278676.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M . A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome. . Cell . 122 . 6 . 957–68 . 2005 . 16169070 . 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 . etal. 11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 . 8235923 . free .
• Koch HP, Brown RL, Larsson HP . The glutamate-activated anion conductance in excitatory amino acid transporters is gated independently by the individual subunits. . J. Neurosci. . 27 . 11 . 2943–7 . 2007 . 17360917 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0118-07.2007 . 2435202.
• Jackson M, Song W, Liu MY . Modulation of the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAT4 by two interacting proteins. . Nature . 410 . 6824 . 89–93 . 2001 . 11242047 . 10.1038/35065091 . 4381210 . etal. free .
• Rajamanickam J, Palmada M, Lang F, Boehmer C . EAAT4 phosphorylation at the SGK1 consensus site is required for transport modulation by the kinase. . J. Neurochem. . 102 . 3 . 858–66 . 2007 . 17442044 . 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04585.x . 30779935 . free .
• Gratacòs M, Costas J, de Cid R . Identification of new putative susceptibility genes for several psychiatric disorders by association analysis of regulatory and non-synonymous SNPs of 306 genes involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment. . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 150B . 6 . 808–16 . 2009 . 19086053 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.30902 . 44524739 . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241. 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A . The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. . Nature . 428 . 6982 . 529–35 . 2004 . 15057824 . 10.1038/nature02399 . 2004Natur.428..529G . 4420825 . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: solute carrier family 1 (high affinity aspartate/glutamate transporter).
2. Fairman WA, Vandenberg RJ, Arriza JL, Kavanaugh MP, Amara SG . An excitatory amino-acid transporter with properties of a ligand-gated chloride channel . Nature . 375 . 6532 . 599–603 . June 1995 . 7791878 . 10.1038/375599a0 . 1995Natur.375..599F . 4334983 .