| Type: | Cardinal |
| Honorific Prefix: | His Eminence |
| Eusébio Oscar Scheid | |
| Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro | |
| Church: | Roman Catholic Church |
| Honorific Suffix: | S.C.J. |
| Appointed: | 25 July 2001 |
| Term Start: | 22 September 2001 |
| Term End: | 27 February 2009 |
| Predecessor: | Eugênio de Araújo Sales |
| Successor: | Orani João Tempesta |
| Other Post: | Cardinal Priest of Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio (2003–2021) |
| Ordination: | 3 July 1960 |
| Ordained By: | Inácio João Dal Monte |
| Consecration: | 1 May 1981 |
| Consecrated By: | Carmine Rocco |
| Cardinal: | 21 October 2003 |
| Created Cardinal By: | Pope John Paul II |
| Rank: | Cardinal priest |
| Birth Date: | 8 December 1932 |
| Birth Place: | Luzerna, Santa Catarina, Brazil |
| Death Place: | São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil |
| Alma Mater: | Pontifical Gregorian University |
| Motto: | Portuguese: Deus é bom ('God is good') |
| Cardinal Name: | Eusébio Scheid |
| Dipstyle: | His Eminence |
| Offstyle: | Your Eminence |
| See: | Rio de Janeiro |
Eusébio Oscar Scheid S.C.J. (8 December 1932 – 13 January 2021) was a Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro from 2001 to 2009. He was raised to the rank of cardinal in 2003. He was previously Bishop of São José dos Campos from 1981 to 1991 and Archbishop of Florianópolis from 1991 to 2001.
Born in Bom Retiro, Joaçaba, Brazil, to Alberto Reinaldo Scheid and Rosália Joana Scheid, he studied at the Dehonian Fathers' seminary; he earned a doctorate of Sacred Theology in Christology and was ordained a priest in Rome on 3 July 1960. He then taught dogmatic theology and liturgy in Brazil.
On 11 February 1981, Pope John Paul II appointed him Bishop of São José dos Campos[1] and he was consecrated on 1 May 1981.
Appointed Archbishop of Florianópolis on 23 January 1991,[2] he served in that post for ten years before being named Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro and Ordinary for Eastern-Rite faithful resident in Brazil on 25 July 2001.[3] He officially took over the diocese of Rio de Janeiro on 22 September 2001. In South America, Scheid also served as President of South Region IV of the Brazilian Bishops' Conference and Counsellor of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America (as of 25 November 2002).
Pope John Paul II elevated Scheid to the rank of cardinal in the consistory of 21 October 2003, granting him the title of Cardinal-Priest of Santi Bonifacio e Alessio.[4]
In the months during which the health of Pope John Paul II was failing, Scheid spoke in favor of having an African pope, which many interpreted as support for Francis Arinze. En route to the 2005 conclave, Scheid told an interviewer that he did not think of Brazilian president President Lula as a "true Catholic", but rather "chaotic", since Lula self-identifies as Catholic but does not practice his faith. Lula responded that he was indeed a Catholic and that his relationship with God was of a very personal nature. Asked the same question, Cardinal Cláudio Hummes said that Lula was "Catholic in his own way"; Scheid declined to comment further.
Scheid retired in 2009 from the see of Rio de Janeiro.
After having dealt with age-related illnesses for a few months, Scheid died in São José dos Campos on 13 January 2021. He had tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo and been admitted to the hospital on 12 January with a possible case of pneumonia.[5] [6]