| The Greens/European Free Alliance | |
| Englishabbr: | Greens/EFA[1] |
| Frenchabbr: | Verts/ALE[2] |
| Formalname: | Parliamentary Group of The Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament |
| Ideology: | Green politics Regionalism Minority politics Progressivism Pro-Europeanism |
| Europarties: | European Green Party Volt Europa European Free Alliance European Pirate Party |
| Precededby: | The Green Group European Radical Alliance |
| Chairs: | Bas Eickhout Terry Reintke |
| Position: | Centre-left[3] to left-wing[4] |
The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green and regionalist political parties.[5] [6] [7]
The group consists of four distinct European political parties, namely the European Green Party (EGP), Volt Europa (Volt), part of the European Free Alliance (EFA) and the European Pirate Party (PPEU).
Formed following the 1999 European elections for the 5th European Parliament, The group has generally limited its membership to progressive parties.[8] These European parties are joined by MEPs from non-aligned national parties, which have included the Dutch Europe Transparent (2004–2009) and the Swedish (2009–2014), German (2014–) and Czech (2019–) Pirate Parties.[9]
On 9 June 2019, following a pan-European vote of party members, Volt Europa chose to join the Greens–European Free Alliance group in the European Parliament.[10] [11]
On 19 June 2024, the group elected Bas Eickhout, and re-elected Terry Reintke, as Co-Presidents of the group.[12] On 25 June, the group elected the members of its bureau.[13]
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2024–2029).
| State | National party | MEPs[14] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | ||
 Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | ||
| Green | EGP | |||
 Croatia | We can! | EGP | ||
 Czech Republic | Czech Pirate Party | PPEU | ||
 Denmark | Green Left | EGP | ||
 Finland | Green League | EGP | ||
 France | The Ecologists | EGP | ||
 Germany | Alliance 90/The Greens | EGP | ||
| Volt | Volt Europa | |||
 Italy | Green Europe | EGP | ||
 Latvia | The Progressives | EGP | ||
 Lithuania | Union of Democrats "For Lithuania" | EGP | ||
 Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | ||
 Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | ||
| Volt | Volt Europa | |||
 Romania | Independent Nicolae Ștefănuță | Independent | ||
 Slovenia | Vesna - Green Party | EGP | ||
 Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia | EFA | ||
| Galician Nationalist Bloc | EFA | |||
| Catalunya en Comú | EGP associate member | |||
| Més–Compromís | EFA | |||
 Sweden | Green Party | EGP | ||
| Total | ||||
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2019–2024).
| State | National party | MEPs[15] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne) | EGP | ||
| Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | ||
| Green Groen | EGP | |||
| Czech Republic | Czech Pirate Party Česká pirátská strana (Piráti) | PPEU | ||
| Denmark | Green Left Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF) | EGP | ||
| Finland | Green League Vihreä liitto (Vihr) | EGP | ||
| France | Europe Ecology – The Greens Europe Écologie Les Verts (EELV) | EGP | ||
| Let's Do Corsica Femu a Corsica (FaC) | EFA individual member | |||
| Breton Democratic Union Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh (UDB) | EFA | |||
| Germany | Alliance 90/The Greens Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Grüne) | EGP | ||
| Ecological Democratic Party Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (ÖDP) | EFA individual member | |||
| Pirate Party Germany Piratenpartei Deutschland (Piraten) | PPEU | |||
| Volt Volt | Volt Europa | |||
| Independent Nico Semsrott | Independent | |||
 Greece | Kosmos Κόσμος | None | ||
| Italy | Territorial Equity Movement Movimento Equità Territoriale (MET) | EFA individual member | ||
| Independents Ignazio Corrao, Rosa D'Amato | Independent | |||
 Ireland | Green Party Comhaontas Glas | EGP | ||
| Lithuania | Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga (LVŽS) | None | ||
| Luxembourg | The Greens Déi Gréng (DG) | EGP | ||
| Netherlands | GreenLeft GroenLinks (GL) | EGP | ||
| Poland | Independent Sylwia Spurek | Independent | ||
 Portugal | Independent Francisco Guerreiro | Independent | ||
| Romania | Independent Nicolae Ștefănuță | Independent | ||
| Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) | EFA | ||
| Galician Nationalist Bloc Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG) | EFA | |||
| Sweden | Green Party Miljöpartiet de gröna (MP) | EGP | ||
| Total | ||||
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2014–2019).
| State | National party | European party | data-sort-type="number" | MEPs 2014[16] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | |||
| Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | |||
| Green | EGP | ||||
| Croatia | ORaH[17] | EGP | |||
| Denmark | Socialist People's Party | EGP | |||
 Estonia | Indrek Tarand (independent) | Independent | |||
| Finland | Green League | EGP | |||
| France | Europe Ecology – The Greens[18] | EGP | |||
| Germany | Alliance '90/The Greens | EGP | |||
| Pirate Party | PPEU | ||||
| Ecological Democratic Party | None | ||||
 Hungary | Politics Can Be Different | EGP | |||
| Dialogue for Hungary | None | ||||
| Italy | Federation of the Greens | EGP | |||
| Latvia | Latvian Russian Union | EFA | |||
| Lithuania | Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union | None | |||
| Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | |||
| Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | |||
| Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia[19] | EFA | |||
| Initiative for Catalonia Greens | EGP | ||||
| Coalició Compromís | EFA | ||||
| New Catalan Left | EFA | ||||
| Slovenia | Verjamem | None | |||
| Sweden | Green Party | EGP | |||
 United Kingdom | Green Party of England and Wales | EGP | |||
| Scottish National Party | EFA | ||||
| Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | EFA | ||||
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2009–2014).
| State | National party | European party | data-sort-type="number" | MEPs 2009[20] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | |||
| Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | |||
| Green | EGP | ||||
| New Flemish Alliance[21] | EFA | ||||
| Denmark | Socialist People's Party | EGP | |||
| Estonia | Indrek Tarand (independent) | Independent[22] | |||
| Finland | Green League | EGP | |||
| France | Europe Ecology – The Greens | EGP | |||
| Party of the Corsican Nation | EFA | ||||
| Germany | Alliance '90/The Greens | EGP | |||
| Greece | Ecologist Greens | EGP | |||
| Latvia | Latvian Russian Union | EFA | |||
| Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | |||
| Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | |||
| Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia | EFA | |||
| Initiative for Catalonia Greens | EGP | ||||
| Sweden | Green Party | EGP | |||
| Pirate Party | PPEU | ||||
| United Kingdom | Green Party of England and Wales | EGP | |||
| Scottish National Party | EFA | ||||
| Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | EFA | ||||
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2004–2009).
| State | National party | European party | data-sort-type="number" | MEPs 2004 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | |||
| Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | |||
| Green | EGP | ||||
| Denmark | Socialist People's Party | EGP | |||
| Finland | Green League | EGP | |||
| France | Europe Ecology – The Greens | EGP | |||
| Party of the Corsican Nation | EFA | ||||
| Germany | Alliance '90/The Greens | EGP | |||
| Italy | Federation of the Greens | EGP | |||
| Latvia | Latvian Russian Union | EFA | |||
| Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | |||
| Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | |||
| Europe Transparent | None | ||||
| Romania | László Tőkés (independent)[23] | Independent | |||
| Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia | EFA | |||
| Initiative for Catalonia Greens | EGP | ||||
| Sweden | Green Party | EGP | |||
| United Kingdom | Green Party of England and Wales | EGP | |||
| Scottish National Party | EFA | ||||
| Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | EFA | ||||
See main article: List of members of the European Parliament (1999–2004).
The Greens/EFA group is usually co-chaired by 2 presidents, at least one of them must be a woman.
| Co-chairperson | Took office | Left office | Country (Constituency) | Party | Co-chairperson | Took office | Left office | Country (Constituency) | Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paul Lannoye | 1999 | 2004 | (French) | Ecolo | Heidi Hautala | 1999 | 2004 | Green League | |||
| Daniel Cohn-Bendit | 2004 | 2014 | Alliance 90/ The Greens | Monica Frassoni | 2004 | 2009 | (North-West) | Federation of the Greens | |||
| Rebecca Harms | 2009 | 2016 | Alliance 90/ The Greens | ||||||||
| Philippe Lamberts | 2014 | 2024 | (French) | Ecolo | |||||||
| Ska Keller | 2016 | 2022 | Alliance 90/ The Greens | ||||||||
| Terry Reintke | 2022 | present | Alliance 90/ The Greens | ||||||||
| Bas Eickhout | 2024 | present | GroenLinks | ||||||||
Group bureau during the 10th European Parliament.[13]
| Position | Name | National Party | European Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co-President | Bas Eickhout | GroenLinks | EGP | ||
| Co-President | Terry Reintke | The Greens | EGP | ||
| Treasurer and Vice-President | Kira Marie Peter-Hansen | Green Left | EGP | ||
| Vice-President | Alice Bah Kuhnke | Green Party | EGP | ||
| Vice-President | Marie Toussaint | The Ecologists | EGP | ||
| Vice-President | Virginijus Sinkevičius | Union of Democrats | EGP | ||
| Vice-President | Ignazio Marino | Green Europe | EGP | ||
| Vice-President | Sergey Lagodinsky | The Greens | EGP | ||
| President of the EFA delegation | Diana Riba | Republican Left of Catalonia | EFA | ||
| Election year | No. of overall seats won | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 48 | ||
| 2004 | 6 | ||
| 2009 | 13 | ||
| 2014 | 5 | ||
| 2019 (pre-Brexit) | [24] | 24 | |
| 2019 (post-Brexit) | 5 | ||
| 2024 | 16 |