Eucalyptus cinerea explained

Eucalyptus cinerea, commonly known as the Argyle apple, mealy stringbark[1] or silver dollar tree,[2] is a species of small- to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, usually only juvenile, glaucous, egg-shaped evergreen leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and conical to bell-shaped fruit.

Description

Eucalyptus cinerea is a tree that typically grows to a height of tall and forms a lignotuber. It has thick, fibrous, reddish brown to grey brown, longitudinally fissured bark on the trunk to the small branches. The leaves on young plants and on coppice regrowth are arranged in opposite pairs, sessile, glaucous, broadly egg-shaped to more or less round, up to long and wide. Intermediate leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, glaucous, egg-shaped to lance-shaped, long and wide on a petiole long. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, lance-shaped, long and wide on a petiole up to long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of three in leaf axils on a peduncle long, the individual buds sessile or on a pedicel up to long. Mature buds are glaucous, diamond-shaped, long and wide with a conical operculum. Flowering occurs between May and November and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, conical to bell-shaped capsule long and wide with the valves level with the rim or slightly beyond.[3] [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus cinerea was first formally described by the botanist George Bentham in 1867 from the herbarium of Ferdinand von Mueller, and the description was published in Flora Australiensis.[7] [8] The specific epithet (cinerea) is a Latin word meaning "ash-coloured" or "grey"[9] referring to the white, waxy bloom on the foliage, buds and fruit of this species.

Two subspecies of E. cinerea have been described and the names accepted by the Australian Plant Census:[10]

A third subspecies, subspecies victoriensis was described in 2018. It is the tallest subspecies and has adult leaves in its crown.[13]

The Wiradjuri people of New South Wales use the name gundhay for the species.[14]

Distribution and habitat

Argyle apple is typically found from north of Bathurst (33° S), in central west New South Wales, to the Beechworth area of Victoria (36° S).[6] It is often part of grassy or sclerophyll woodland communities growing in shallow and relatively infertile soils usually as part of the understorey. Subspecies cinerea occurs in the Australian Capital Territory and Captains Flat in New South Wales and subspecies triplex in the Australian Capital Territory and Captains Flat in New South Wales. Subspecies victoriensis is only known from hilly country near Beechworth in Victoria.

Uses

Aboriginal uses

The Wiradjuri people of NSW use the bark and timber of the species to make tools, string and rope, shelters and to make fire.[14]

Horticultural uses

Eucalyptus cinerea is used as a park and street tree where it is planted widely in Canberra.[15]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. cinerea. Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research . 4 June 2020.
  2. Book: The New Sunset Western Garden Book . 311 . Sunset Publishing . 2012 . 978-0-376-03920-0.
  3. Web site: Hill . Ken . Eucalyptus cinerea . Royal Botanic Garden Sydney . 30 April 2019.
  4. Web site: Ian Brooker . Brooker . M. Ian . Slee . Andrew V. . Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. victoriensis . Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria . 30 April 2019.
  5. Web site: Chippendale . George M. . Eucalyptus cinerea . Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra . 30 April 2019.
  6. Book: Brooker, I.. Ian Brooker. Kleinig, D.. Eucalyptus, An illustrated guide to identification. Reed Books. Melbourne. 1996.
  7. Web site: Eucalyptus cinerea. APNI. 30 April 2019.
  8. Book: George Bentham . Bentham . George. Ferdinand von Mueller . von Mueller . Ferdinand . Flora Australiensis (Volume 3) . 1867 . 3 . Lovell Reeve & Co. . London . 239 . 30 April 2019.
  9. Book: Roland W. Brown. Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 204.
  10. Ian Brooker . Brooker . M. Ian H. . Slee . Andrew V. . Briggs . John D. . A taxonomic revision of Eucalyptus ser. Argyrophyllae . Australian Systematic Botany . 1995 . 8 . 4 . 507 . 10.1071/SB9950499.
  11. Web site: Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. cinerea. Australian Plant Census. 30 April 2019.
  12. Web site: Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. triplex. Australian Plant Census. 30 April 2019.
  13. Kevin James Rule . Rule . Kevin J.. Neville Grant Walsh . Walsh . Neville G. . Two new subspecific taxa with the Eucalyptus Series Argyrophyllae for Victoria . Muelleria . 2018 . 8 . 4 . 87–90 . 30 April 2019.
  14. Book: Williams . Alice . Sides . Tim . 2008 . Wiradjuri Plant Use in the Murrumbidgee Catchment . Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Authority . 27 . 0 7347 5856 1.
  15. Web site: Design Standards for Urban Infrastructure - Plant Species for Urban Landscape Projects in Canberra: Eucalyptus cinerea (Eci) . Transport Canberra and City Services . ACT Government . 12 May 2024.