Demographics of Burkina Faso explained

Place:Burkina Faso
Size Of Population:21,935,389 (2022 est.)
Nation:Burkinabe
Official:French
Major Ethnic:Mossi (52%)
Age 0–14 Years:43.58%
Age 65 Years:3.16%
Growth:2.53% (2022 est.)
Birth:33.57 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death:7.71 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net Migration:-0.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Sr At Birth:1.03 male(s)/female
Sr Under 15:1.03 male(s)/female
Sr 65 Years Over:0.66 male(s)/female
Total Mf Ratio:0.96 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Infant Mortality:49.42 deaths/1,000 live births
Life:63.44 years
Life Male:61.63 years
Life Female:65.31 years
Fertility:4.27 children born/woman (2022 est.)

Burkina Faso's million people belong to two major West African cultural groups: the Gur (Voltaic) and the Mandé. The Voltaic are far more numerous and include the Mossi, who make up about one-half of the population. The Mossi claim descent from warriors who migrated to present-day Burkina Faso and established an empire that lasted more than 800 years. Predominantly farmers, the Mossi are still bound by the traditions of the Mogho Naba, who hold court in Ouagadougou.

Most of Burkina Faso's population is concentrated in the south and center of the country, with a population density sometimes exceeding 48PD/km2. This population density, high for Africa, causes annual migrations of hundreds of thousands of Burkinabé to Ivory Coast and Ghana for seasonal agricultural work. About a third of Burkinabé adhere to traditional African religions. The introduction of Islam to Burkina Faso was initially resisted by the Mossi rulers. Christians, predominantly Roman Catholics, are largely concentrated among the urban elite.

Few Burkinabé have had formal education. Schooling is free but not compulsory, and only about 29% of Burkina's primary school-age children receive a basic education. The University of Ouagadougou, founded in 1974, was the country's first institution of higher education. The Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso in Bobo-Dioulasso was opened in 1995.

Population

According to the United Nations' Population Division, the population was 20,903,000 in 2020, compared to only 4,284,000 in 1950.[1] The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2020 was 44.4%, 53.2% of the population was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.4% was 65 years or older.[1]

Total populationPopulation aged 0–14 (%)Population aged 15–64 (%)Population aged 65+ (%)
19504 284 00040.757.32.0
19554 517 00041.056.92.2
19604 829 00041.356.32.3
19655 175 00042.255.22.5
19705 625 00043.353.92.8
19756 155 00044.252.83.0
19806 823 00045.651.23.2
19857 728 00046.750.03.3
19908 811 00047.349.53.3
199510 090 00047.149.83.1
200011 608 00046.850.52.8
200513 422 00046.550.92.6
201015 605 00046.251.32.5
201518 111 00045.652.02.4
202020 903 00044.453.22.4

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (1.VII.2021) (Data refer to national projections.):[2]

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total10 393 24111 116 202 21 509 443100
0–41 971 9081 860 4173 832 32517.82
5–91 646 122 1 589 0703 235 19215.04
10–141 367 5311 390 9102 758 44112.82
15–191 122 5661 204 7192 327 28510.82
20–24908 8431 033 7761 942 6199.03
25–29730 372884 5471 614 9197.51
30–34588 794728 1721 316 9666.12
35–39468 316586 2691 054 5854.90
40–44372 345466 984839 3293.90
45–49300 835370 491671 3263.12
50–54248 194293 790541 9842.52
55–59194 917224 363419 2801.95
60–64149 409164 492313 9011.46
65-69112 992120 551233 5431.09
70-7483 97484 008 167 9820.78
75-7960 70651 775112 4810.52
80+65 41761 868127 2850.59
Age group MaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–144 985 5614 840 3979 825 95845.68
15–645 084 5915 957 60311 042 19451.34
65+323 089318 202641 2912.98

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is not complete in Burkina Faso. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations.[3]

Mid-year population (thousands)Live births (thousands)Deaths (thousands)Natural change (thousands)Crude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Total fertility rate (TFR)Infant mortality (per 1000 live births)Life expectancy (in years)
19504 2141841196543.528.215.35.82170.133.12
19514 2621881196843.927.916.05.87168.933.38
19524 3131921217144.327.916.45.93167.833.55
19534 3641951217444.627.816.95.98166.633.85
19544 4171991237644.927.717.26.01165.234.13
19554 4732021247945.127.617.66.06163.834.45
19564 5312061258145.427.517.86.09162.334.67
19574 5912101268345.527.418.16.13160.834.97
19584 6522141288645.827.318.56.17159.335.26
19594 7152181288946.127.218.96.22157.735.61
19604 7832221309246.327.119.26.25156.235.87
19614 8532261319546.526.919.66.29154.836.24
19624 9242311329946.726.720.06.32153.536.67
19634 99923513310246.926.520.46.36152.436.97
19645 07624013410647.226.420.86.42151.237.25
19655 15824513511047.326.121.26.47150.137.69
19665 24324913711347.526.021.56.53149.137.92
19675 33125413811747.625.821.86.59148.238.29
19685 42226013912047.825.622.16.65147.338.53
19695 51626314012347.625.422.26.66146.638.86
19705 61226814112647.625.122.46.69145.439.24
19715 70827214212947.524.922.66.70144.439.56
19725 80527614213447.524.523.06.72142.640.05
19735 90828214313947.624.123.56.77140.440.55
19746 01828814114747.723.424.36.84137.341.35
19756 13829514015547.922.725.26.91133.642.31
19766 27030213816448.122.026.16.95129.643.25
19776 41731213717548.521.427.27.05125.744.15
19786 57832313718649.020.728.37.15122.145.07
19796 75033313619649.220.229.07.19119.045.90
19806 93334113720449.119.829.47.22116.346.54
19817 12435013921149.119.529.57.26114.446.87
19827 32235813921948.919.029.97.25112.147.60
19837 53136714022748.718.630.17.25110.348.09
19847 75137914123848.818.230.67.25108.548.64
19857 97939014324748.917.930.97.24106.748.95
19868 20839814625248.517.830.77.22104.849.01
19878 43540614925748.017.730.47.17103.149.06
19888 66441215226047.517.530.07.11101.749.13
19898 89541915526547.117.329.77.05100.849.17
19909 13142915627246.817.129.87.01100.249.44
19919 36543816027946.717.029.76.97100.049.45
19929 59944716328446.416.929.56.9499.849.44
19939 84045516728846.217.029.26.8999.749.21
199410 09146617029646.116.829.36.8499.349.31
199510 35347817330546.016.729.46.8198.749.45
199610 62149017531446.016.529.56.7897.649.61
199710 89750018031945.816.529.36.7296.849.40
199811 20151018033145.516.029.56.6695.049.99
199911 53452318134245.315.729.66.5993.650.33
200011 88353718235545.215.329.96.5292.150.85
200112 25054918536444.815.129.76.4390.451.07
200212 63256118737444.514.829.66.3488.851.27
200313 03157918839144.514.430.06.2886.751.79
200413 44659518840744.214.030.36.2284.152.42
200513 87661418742644.213.530.76.1881.353.09
200614 31663618744844.413.131.36.1778.653.74
200714 75765218746644.212.631.56.1175.854.38
200815 19866818348543.912.031.96.0572.755.34
200915 65068218250043.511.631.95.9970.255.96
201016 11769718251643.211.332.05.9467.856.48
201116 60371218053142.810.832.05.8765.557.13
201217 11472518054542.310.531.85.7963.657.62
201317 63673618255441.710.331.45.7061.857.82
201418 17074518156441.010.031.05.6060.058.36
201518 71875118057040.19.630.55.4858.358.85
201619 27575118057239.09.329.75.3256.759.33
201719 83675218157137.99.128.85.1655.059.54
201820 39376118058137.38.828.55.0753.560.05
201920 95276918358636.78.827.94.9752.360.04
202021 52377719058736.18.827.34.8750.859.73
202122 10178619858835.59.026.64.7749.559.27

Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

YearCBR (Total)TFR (Total)CBR (Urban)TFR (Urban)CBR (Rural)TFR (Rural)
199343.06.9 (6.0)39.05.0 (3.9)43.07.3 (6.5)
1998-9945.16.8 (6.0)32.64.1 (3.4)47.07.3 (6.5)
200342.66.2 (5.4)32.43.7 (3.2)44.56.9 (6.0)
201041.26.0 (5.2)33.33.9 (3.3)43.36.7 (5.9)
201438.65.533.64.040.26.1
2017-1835.15.230.93.736.15.6
2021[9] 30.74.4 (4.2)28.43.4 (3.3)31.64.9 (4.6)

Fertility data as of 2013 (DHS Program):[10]

RegionTotal fertility ratePercentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnantMean number of children ever born to women age 40-49
Centre3.7 6.8 5.3
Boucle du Mouhoun6.8 10.8 7.1
Cascades6.0 10.4 7.0
Centre-Est6.3 8.1 6.6
Centre-Nord6.7 10.7 7.1
Centre-Ouest6.4 10.4 7.1
Centre-Sud5.6 9.4 6.8
Est7.5 15.0 7.9
Hauts Bassins5.2 9.3 5.9
Nord6.2 10.3 7.0
Plateau Central5.8 9.4 6.8
Sahel7.5 12.9 7.6
Sud-ouest6.4 10.8 7.1

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Demographic profile

Burkina Faso has a young age structure – the result of declining mortality combined with steady high fertility – and continues to experience rapid population growth, which is putting increasing pressure on the country's limited arable land. More than 65% of the population is under the age of 25, and the population is growing at 3% annually. Mortality rates, especially those of infants and children, have decreased because of improved health care, hygiene, and sanitation, but women continue to have an average of almost 6 children. Even if fertility were substantially reduced, today's large cohort entering their reproductive years would sustain high population growth for the foreseeable future. Only about a third of the population is literate and unemployment is widespread, dampening the economic prospects of Burkina Faso's large working-age population.

Population

21,935,389 (2022 est.)

21,382,659 (July 2021 est.)

Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected

Religions

Muslim 63.8%, Roman Catholic 20.1%, Animiste 9%, Protestant 6.2%, other 0.2%, none 0.7% (2019 est.)

Muslim 63.2%, Roman Catholic 24.6%, Protestant 6.9%, traditional/animist 4.2%, none 0.7%, unspecified 0.4% (2017-18 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 43.58% (male 4,606,350/female 4,473,951)

15-24 years: 20.33% (male 2,121,012/female 2,114,213)

25-54 years: 29.36% (male 2,850,621/female 3,265,926)

55-64 years: 3.57% (male 321,417/female 423,016)

65 years and over: 3.16% (male 284,838/female 374,057) (2020 est.)

0-14 years: 44.88% (male 4,519,960/female 4,503,937)

15-24 years: 20.07% (male 2,024,501/female 2,012,053)

25-54 years: 29.42% (male 2,999,941/female 2,915,264)

55-64 years: 3.2% (male 284,374/female 359,159)

65 years and over: 2.43% (male 181,996/female 306,324) (2017 est.)

Median age

Total: 17.9 years Country comparison to the world: 216th

Male: 17.0 years

Female: 18.7 years (2020 est.)

Total: 17.3 years

Male: 17.1 years

Female: 17.4 years (2017 est.)

Population growth rate

2.53% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 20th

2.58% (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 14th

3% (2017 est.)

Birth rate

33.57 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 19

34.34 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 20th

Death rate

7.71 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 103rd

7.92 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 89th

Net migration rate

-0.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 127th

-0.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 131st

Mother's mean age at first birth

19.4 years (2010 est.)

note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Total fertility rate

4.14 children born/woman (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 23rd

4.27 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 22nd

4.39 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 18th

Contraceptive prevalence rate

30.1% (2020)

32.5% (2018/19)

Urbanization

urban population: 31.9% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 4.75% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population: 30.6% of total population (2020)

Rate of urbanization: 4.99% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Sex ratio

At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.00 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.87 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.76 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female

Total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 63.44 years

male: 61.63 years

female: 65.31 years (2022 est.)

Total population: 63.06 years

Male: 61.28 years

Female: 64.89 years (2021 est.)

HIV/AIDS

Adult prevalence rate: 0.8% (2019 est.) County comparison to the world: 51st

People living with HIV/AIDS: 100,000 (2019 est.) Country comparison to the world: 44th

Deaths: 3,100 (2019 est.) Country comparison to the world: 33rd

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: very high (2020)

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria

water contact diseases: schistosomiasis

animal contact diseases: rabies

respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis

note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Burkina Faso is currently considered a high risk to travelers for polio; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine

Nationality

Noun: Burkinabé (singular and plural)

Adjective: Burkinabé

Ethnic groups

Mossi 53.7%, Fulani (Peuhl) 6.8%, Gurunsi 5.9%, Bissa 5.4%, Gurma 5.2%, Bobo 3.4%, Senufo 2.2%, Bissa 1.5%, Lobi 1.5%, Tuareg/Bella 0.1%, other 12.8%, foreign 0.7% (2021 est.)[11]

Religions

See main article: Religion in Burkina Faso.

Islam 61.5%, Roman Catholic 23.3%, Traditional/Animist 7.8%, Protestant 6.5%, Other/No Answer 0.2%, None 0.7% (2010 est.)

Languages

French(official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Total population: 41.2%

Male: 50.1%

Female: 32.7% (2018 est.)

Education expenditure

5.4% of GDP (2018)

Slavery

In 2018, an estimated 82,000 people in the country were living under "modern slavery" according to the Global Slavery Index.[12] News reports also indicate that "most child slaves on cocoa farms (Ivory Coast and Ghana) come from Mali and Burkina Faso, two of the poorest nations on Earth. The children, some as young as ten, are sent by their families or trafficked by agents with the promise of money. They are made to work long hours for little or no money."[13]

References

Attribution:

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: Data Query. Esa.un.org. 2021-01-31.
  2. Web site: UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics .
  3. Web site: Population & Demography Data Explorer . 2022-07-22 . Our World in Data.
  4. Web site: Enquête Démographique et de Santé 1993. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR53/FR53.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. Dhsprogram.com. 2017-08-27.
  5. Web site: Enquête Démographique et de Santé 1998-99. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR110/FR110.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. Dhsprogram.com. 2017-08-27.
  6. Web site: Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2003. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR154/FR154.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. Dhsprogram.com. 2017-08-27.
  7. Web site: Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2010. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR256/FR256.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. Dhsprogram.com. 2017-08-27.
  8. Web site: STATcompiler. www.statcompiler.com. 2020-02-17.
  9. Web site: Burkina Faso: Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2021 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/PR139/PR139.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . DHS Program . French.
  10. Web site: Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR293/FR293.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. Dhsprogram.com. 2017-08-27.
  11. Web site: Burkina Faso - World Factbook Glyph.
  12. Web site: Country Data Global Slavery Index.
  13. Web site: The Modern Slavery Bill is a start, but it won't guarantee us sweeter chocolate. 16 October 2018.