Ethel Reed Explained

Ethel Reed
Birth Date:13 March 1874
Birth Place:Newburyport, Massachusetts
Death Place:London, United Kingdom
Style:Graphic arts

Ethel Reed (March 13, 1874 – March 1, 1912) was an American graphic artist.[1] [2] In the 1890s, her works received critical acclaim in America and Europe. In 2016, they were on exhibit in the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Museum of Modern Art in New York, the National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C., the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, the Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum of the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, and the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City.

Early life and career

Reed was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts on March 13, 1874. She was the daughter of a local photographer Edgar Eugene Reed and Mary Elizabeth Mahoney, an immigrant from County Cork, Ireland. Her father died of tuberculosis in 1892, and Reed and her mother consequently suffered hardship. After they moved to Boston in 1890, she studied briefly at the Cowles Art School in 1893, and after 1894 began to receive public notice for her illustrations. Reed's youthful beauty and cleverness caught the attention of a Newburyport artist Laura Hills, who became a mentor.[3] During her time in Boston, she achieved national fame as a poster artist while still in her early 20s. She did many series of posters and book illustrations during a span of less than two years.[4] In the mid-1890s she was engaged to fellow artist Philip Leslie Hale, whose father Edward Everett Hale was a prominent Bostonian. However, the engagement was broken off. In 1896, she traveled Europe with her mother. In 1897, they settled in London where Reed worked as an illustrator, in particular for The Yellow Book, a quarterly literary periodical which was co-founded by Aubrey Beardsley. She had two children with different lovers.

Reed was acquainted with important literary and artistic figures of her day, including the writer Richard le Gallienne, the architects Bertram Goodhue and Ralph Adams Cram, and the photographer Fred Holland Day. She was the model for Day's photographs Chloe and The Gainsborough Hat. She also modeled at least three times for portraits by Frances Benjamin Johnston.[5]

In her short career, Reed achieved recognition as one of the preeminent illustrator artists of her time and remains one of the most mysterious figures of American graphic design.[6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

Later life and death

Reed was unable to find work after moving to Europe; she turned to drugs and alcohol after years of disappointment.[13] Her circumstances in England are difficult to trace, and certain records of her final years have yet to surface.[14] However, according to research, she died in her sleep in 1912. Her biographer has asserted that alcoholism and the use of sleeping medications contributed to her death.[15]

Works illustrated

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2018 . Ethel Reed, The Beautiful Poster Lady Who Disappeared . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002073048/http://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/ethel-reed-the-beautiful-poster-lady-who-disappeared/ . October 2, 2022 . February 10, 2023 . New England Historical Society.
  2. Book: Peterson, William S. . The Beautiful Poster Lady: A Life of Ethel Reed . 2013a . Oak Knoll Press . 978-1-58456-317-4 . en.
  3. Barrie . J. M. . 1895 . A Chat with Miss Ethel Reed . The Bookman . 2 . 4 . 277–281 . Internet Archive.
  4. Web site: Wright . Helena E. . March 23, 2015 . Ethel Reed and the poster craze . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221120072016/https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/ethel-reed . November 20, 2022 . August 31, 2022 . National Museum of American History.
  5. Book: Ranson, Sadi . A Studio of Her Own: Women Artists in Boston, 1870-1940 . Museum of Fine Arts . 2001 . 978-0-87846-482-1 . Boston . 55–74 . en . Redefining Fine Art: Sarah Sears, Laura Hills, and Ethel Reed . Internet Archive.
  6. Web site: Ethel Reed . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20210116181803/https://www.worldofartglobal.com/collections/ethel-reed . January 16, 2021 . World of Art Global Limited.
  7. Book: Hills, Patricia . Turn-of-the-Century America: Paintings, Graphics, Photographs, 1890-1910 . . 1977 . New York . 59–60; 63 . English . Internet Archive.
  8. Book: Keay, Carolyn . American Posters of the Turn of the Century . St. Martin's Press . 1975 . 978-0-85670-207-5 . New York . 17–18; 30–31; 93 . en . Internet Archive.
  9. Book: Kiehl, David W. . American Art Posters of the 1890s in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, including the Leonard A. Lauder Collection . . Catalogue by David W. Kiehl . 1987 . 0-87099-501-4 . New York . 15–20; 40–41 . en . American Art Posters of the 1890s . Internet Archive.
  10. Book: Finlay, Nancy . American Art Posters of the 1890s in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, including the Leonard A. Lauder Collection . . Catalogue by David W. Kiehl . 1987 . 0-87099-501-4 . New York . 50–51; 55 . en . American Posters and Publishing in the 1890s . Internet Archive.
  11. Book: Cate, Philip Dennis . American Art Posters of the 1890s in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, including the Leonard A. Lauder Collection . . Catalogue by David W. Kiehl . 1987 . 0-87099-501-4 . New York . 86; 88; 118 . en . The French Posters 1868-1900 . Internet Archive.
  12. Book: Kiehl, David W. . American Art Posters of the 1890s in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, including the Leonard A. Lauder Collection . . Catalogue by David W. Kiehl . 1987 . 0-87099-501-4 . New York . 164–168 . en . A Catalogue of American Art Posters of the 1890s . Internet Archive.
  13. Web site: Townsend . Sloane . April 8, 2019 . Ethel Reed . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191010041726/https://go.distance.ncsu.edu/gd203/?p=28159 . October 10, 2019 . December 23, 2019 . History of Graphical Design . NC State University.
  14. Web site: McAllister . Jim . March 1, 2010 . Essex County Chronicles: Local artist's life still shrouded in mystery . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131109072710/http://www.salemnews.com/opinion/x1690088719/Essex-County-Chronicles-Local-artists-life-still-shrouded-in-mystery?keyword=secondarystory . November 9, 2013 . February 11, 2023 . . en.
  15. Web site: Peterson . William . May 30, 2013b . Vanished in the Fog: Ethel Reed, the Beautiful Poster Lady . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230211091703/https://www.loc.gov/item/2021689133/ . February 11, 2023 . February 11, 2023 . Library of Congress.
  16. Web site: The Boston Herald: Fashion Supplement, March 24 [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212034114/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339238?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=12 . February 12, 2023 . February 11, 2023 . . en.
  17. Web site: The Best Guide to Boston [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191223070705/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339239 . December 23, 2019 . December 23, 2019 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  18. Web site: Pierre Puvis de Chavannes: A Sketch [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212034523/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339247?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=4 . February 12, 2023 . February 11, 2023 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  19. Web site: Miss Träumerei [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212034925/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339581?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=7 . February 12, 2023 . December 23, 2019 . .
  20. Web site: Arabella and Araminta Stories [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212035136/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339241?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=20&rpp=20&pos=22 . February 12, 2023 . February 11, 2023 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  21. Web site: Is Polite Society Polite? [1895] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212035317/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339243?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=10 . February 12, 2023 . December 23, 2019 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  22. Web site: In Childhood's Country [1896] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220214185248/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339248 . February 14, 2022 . December 23, 2019 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  23. Web site: Time and the Hour [1896] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212035711/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/339249?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=14 . February 12, 2023 . December 23, 2019 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  24. Web site: The Quest of the Golden Girl [1897] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212040231/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/362657?searchField=All&sortBy=Relevance&ft=Ethel+reed&offset=0&rpp=20&pos=17 . February 12, 2023 . December 23, 2019 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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