| Railroad Name: | Cantagalo Railway |
| System Map: | Inauguration du chemin de fer de Cantagallo, au Brésil. — D'après un dessin envoyé par M. le baron de Geslin.jpg |
| Locale: | Southeastern Brazil |
| Start Year: | 1873 |
| End Year: | 1965 |
| Map Size: | 300 |
The Portuguese: '''Estrada de Ferro Cantagalo''' (English: Cantagalo Railway) in Brazil operated from 1873 to 1965, and used the Fell mountain railway system, with equipment from the temporary Mont Cenis Pass Railway which closed in 1871. From 1883 the Fell rail was used for braking only. Cameron says that the line was to which the locomotives and rolling stock were converted (though another source says that the line was to the same gauge as the Mont Cenis Pass Railway). The line was built by British engineers and capital.
The railway, from Niterói to Nova Friburgo, was Brazil's first mountain railway. The coastal plain was followed by a steep rise of 3600feet to the inland plateau, starting at Cachoeiras de Macacu, and spread over 32miles, with the steepest section of about NaNmiles between Boca do Mato and Theodoro de Olivera: NaNmiles was 1 in 12, and NaNmiles between 1 in 14 and 1 in 33 (7% and 3%). Curvature was severe, from 111to radius.
The locomotives initially were 0-4-0T tank engines of about 16ST. Four new locomotives were purchased from Manning Wardle of England, plus 14 (probably) from the Mont Cenis Pass Line. These locos were of limited capacity and expensive to maintain, and possibly affected by the Brazilian climate. They were replaced in 1883 by new 44-ton adhesion-only locomotives from the Baldwin Locomotive Works, though the Fell centre rail was retained for braking. Two North British Locomotive Company engines were bought in 1929.[1]
The line became part of the Leopoldina Railway in 1911, and closed about 1965.
(pp66–68; has maker's photo of Manning Wardle locomotive)