| Esperanza | |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Pushpin Map: | Argentina |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Esperanza in Argentina |
| Coordinates: | -31.4167°N -116°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Argentina |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Santa Fe |
| Subdivision Type2: | Department |
| Subdivision Name2: | Las Colonias |
| Leader Party: | Justicialist Party |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Ana Meiners |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 289 |
| Elevation M: | 38 |
| Population Total: | 40,125 |
| Population As Of: | 2010 census |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | ART |
| Utc Offset1: | -3 |
| Postal Code Type: | CPA base |
| Postal Code: | S3080 |
| Area Code Type: | Dialing code |
| Area Code: | +54 3496 |
| Website: | Official website |
Esperanza is a city in the center of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It had about 36,000 inhabitants at the and it is the head town of the Las Colonias Department.
Esperanza is at the heart of the most important dairy district of the country (milk production is based on the Holando-Argentino breed). Cattle farming is also a major activity. Additionally it hosts many small and medium industries in a variety of sectors (wood, metal mechanics, food products, book printing, editorials, textile, leather, etc.).
Esperanza was the first formally organized agricultural colony in Argentina, formed by 200 families of immigrants from Switzerland, Germany, France, Italy, Belgium and Luxembourg who arrived during January and February 1856. The town was officially founded on 8 September 1856. The lands for each family in the colony had been set aside on 15 June 1853 by an agreement (the Agricultural Colonization Contract) between the government of Santa Fe and the entrepreneur Aarón Castellanos. The original name of the city was Colonia Esperanza, that is "Colony Hope".
The city was the third one in the province to have a Municipal Council, after Rosario and Santa Fe, on 4 May 1861. It was declared the head town of its department in 1884. In 1892, it hosted the first Agricultural Congress of the Republic.
In 1944, the national government decreed that September 8, the feast of the birth of the Virgin Mary (patron of Esperanza), was to be the National Day of the Agricultural Worker, and in 1979 Esperanza was declared permanent seat of the National Festival of Agriculture and National Agricultural Worker Day.