| Common Name: | Erzya-Moksha Autonomy |
| Subdivision: | Okrug |
| Nation: | Russian SFSR |
| Start: | 16 July 1928 |
| End: | 10 January 1930 |
| P1: | Idel-Ural State |
| Flag P1: | Idel-ural.png |
| S1: | Mordovian Autonomous Oblast |
| Flag S1: | Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1918–1925).svg |
| Image Map Caption: | Erzya-Moksha Autonomy (Mordvin District) already renamed to Mordvin Autonomous Oblast before territorial changes in 1930[1] |
| Capital: | Saransk |
The Erzya-Moksha Autonomy (Erzya: Эрзя-Мокшонь Автономной область, Moksha: Эрзя-Мокшень Автономнай область, Russian: Эрзя-Мокшанская Автономная область) was a name of an administrative division of the Russian SFSR, Soviet Union approved by Executive Committee of Erzya-Moksha Autonomous oblast before July 16, 1928. The Executive Committee name didn't change till 1930. The conventional name of the Oblast was changed to Mordvin Okrug on July 16, 1928. The administrative centre first was planned to be the oldest Oblast city Temnikov but it was established in Saransk because of the railroad absence in Temnikov.
The Erzya-Moksha Autonomy was approved in 1928 as Mordvin Okrug according to personal approval of Josef Stalin, who attended the meeting of the Executive Committee. Deputy president of Supreme Court of Mordovia Vasily Martyshkin quotes Stalin and . Since Mokshas and Erzyas lived sparsely in many governorates of former Russian Empire Stalin believed it was impossible to establish many autonomous districts. That was Mikifor Surdin, ethnic Moksha who proposed to establish not Erzya-Moksha Autonomy, but a Mordvin okrug. Since most members of the Executive Committee were neither ethnic Erzyas nor Mokshas and did not understand Russian well, Surdin said that using Mordva as ethnonym would be more understandable since they are not supposed to hear about Erzya or Moksha ethnic groups. Stalin liked this variant. The Erzya-Moksha Autonomous oblast lost its ethnic (Rus. national) status and been renamed to Mordvin Okrug. Mikifor Surdin has been being cursed till now for that, in spite of the fact he was executed during the Great Purge.[2] [3] [4] That was the time when the autonomy name changed to Mordvin. Only "ethnonym" Mordvin was allowed in documents for Erzya and Moksha since then.[5] [6]
Okrug was established in the area populated mainly by Erzyas and Mokshas as a part on July 16, 1928. On October 20, 1929, the Okrug was included into .
On January 19, 1930, Okrug transformed into the, which itself became the Mordovian ASSR in 1934.
The Okrug was divided into 23 districts: