| Ernest Nestor Roume | |
| Term Start1: | 3 March 1915 |
| Term End1: | 22 May 1916 |
| Predecessor1: | Joost van Vollenhoven |
| Successor1: | Jean-François dit Eugène Charles |
| Term Start2: | 15 March 1902 |
| Term End2: | 15 December 1907 |
| Predecessor2: | Noël Ballay |
| Successor2: | William Merlaud-Ponty |
| Birth Date: | 12 July 1858 |
| Birth Place: | Marseilles, France |
| Nationality: | French |
Ernest Nestor Roume (12 July 1858 – 16 April 1941) was a French colonial administrator and governor of French West Africa from 15 March 1902 to 15 December 1907, and governor of French Indochina from 1915–1916.