Rikbaktsa language explained

Rikbaktsá
Nativename:erigpaksá
Ethnicity:1,140 Rikbaktsa people (2006)
Speakers:40
Date:2010
Ref:e18
Familycolor:American
Iso3:rkb
Glotto:rikb1245
Glottorefname:Rikbaktsa
Map:Rikbaktsa language.png

The Rikbaktsa language, also spelled Aripaktsa, Erikbatsa or Erikpatsa and known ambiguously as Canoeiro, is a language spoken by the Rikbaktsa people of Mato Grosso, Brazil, that forms its own branch of the Macro-Gê languages.

As in other languages of the area, word endings indicate the gender of the speaker.[1] Rikbaktsa is a subject-object-verb language.

Most Rikbaktsa can speak both Rikbaktsa and Portuguese. Younger individuals tend to speak Portuguese more frequently and fluently than their elders, but older individuals generally struggle with Portuguese and use it only with non-indigenous Brazilians.[1]

Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with the Cariban languages.[2]

Locations

The 22nd edition of Ethnologue reports that it is spoken around confluence of the Sangue River and Juruena River in:

Phonology

Vowels!!Front!Central!Back
Closeiɨu
Close-mideo
Midə
Opena
Nasal vowels!!Front!Central!Back
Closeĩɨ̃ũ
Close-midõ
Midə̃
Openã
!Labial!Alveolar!Palato-
alveolar
!Retroflex!Palatal!Velar!Glottal
Stopvoicelessptk(ʔ)
voicedbd
Affricatet͡ʃ
Fricativeʃh
Nasalmn
Approximantwj
Flapɾɽ

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[4]

gloss Erikbaktsa
one aistuːba
ear ka-spi
tooth írata
hand ka-shuisha
woman matutsi
water pihʔik
fire idoː
stone harahairi
maize uanátsi

Notes and References

  1. Arruda, Rinaldo S.V. "Rikbaktsa: Language." In Encyclopedia of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil. Instituto Socioambiental (November 1998).
  2. Jolkesky . Marcelo Pinho de Valhery . 2016 . Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas . Ph.D. dissertation . Brasília . University of Brasília . 2.
  3. Book: Silva, Leia de Jesus . Aspectos da fonologia e a morfologia da língua Rikbaktsa . Universidade de Brasília . 2005.
  4. Book: Loukotka, Čestmír . Čestmír Loukotka . Classification of South American Indian languages . registration . UCLA Latin American Center . 1968 . Los Angeles.