| Type: | metro district |
| Ergani | |
| Coordinates: | 38.2692°N 39.7617°W |
| Province: | Diyarbakır |
| Area Total Km2: | 1510 |
| Population Total: | 136099 |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Postal Code: | 21950 |
| Area Code: | 0412 |
Ergani (Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: عثمانيه|translit=Osmaniye,[1] Kurdish: Erxenî[2]), formerly known as Arghni or Arghana, is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 1,510 km2,[4] and its population is 136,099 (2022).[5] Ergani District is located in the administrative as the Southeastern Anatolia Region, but as a geographical region it is located in Eastern Anatolia. The mayor is Ahmet Kaya (HDP) since 2019.[6] Ahmet Karaaslan was appointed as the District Governor.[7]
Near the village of Sesverenpınar, among the Hilar rocks Çayönü hill was first settled in c. 7500 BC, and was continuously inhabited until 5000 BC (but only occasionally since then). Remains have been found from the earlier habitation, one of the most important archaeological finds of its era.[8]
Trade has flourished between Ergani and Mesopotamia during the third millennium BC. Ergani has a rich history of being a mining region.[9]
There is 107 elementary schools, and 3 Anatolian high schools in Ergani. There is also a Dicle University Vocational School in Ergani.[10]
There are 102 neighbourhoods in Ergani District:[11]
Ergani has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa).