| Guelph/Eramosa | |
| Official Name: | Township of Guelph/Eramosa |
| Settlement Type: | Township (Lower-tier) |
| Pushpin Map: | CAN ON Wellington#Canada Southern Ontario |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Wellington |
| Government Type: | Township |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Christopher White [1] |
| Leader Title1: | Governing Body |
| Leader Name1: | Township of Guelph/Eramosa Council |
| Leader Title2: | MP |
| Leader Name2: | Mike Chong (Con) |
| Leader Title3: | MPP |
| Leader Name3: | Ted Arnott (PC) |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1999 |
| Area Land Km2: | 291.67 |
| Population As Of: | 2016 |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 12854 |
| Population Density Km2: | 44.1 |
| Timezone: | EST |
| Utc Offset: | -5 |
| Timezone Dst: | EDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -4 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code span |
| Postal Code: | N0B |
| Area Code: | 519, 226, and 548 |
| Blank Name: | Highways |
Guelph/Eramosa is a township located in Wellington County, in midwestern Ontario, Canada. It partly encircles the city of Guelph, surrounding it in a continuous arc from approximately northeast to south-southwest of the city. It is part of the Guelph census metropolitan area.
The township was created in 1999 by the merger of the townships of Guelph and Eramosa, as well as parts of Pilkington and Nichol townships. The name Eramosa was derived from the native word Un-ne-mo-sah (possibly meaning "black dog", "dead dog", or simply "dog").[3]
Eramosa Township was settled primarily by Scots and Irish; in 1841, its population was 935.[4]
The mayor of Guelph/Eramosa in 2022 is Christopher White (who was first elected in 2010). Township councillors are Bruce Dickieson, Corey Woods, Steven Liebig, and Mark Bouwmeester. County councillors are Don McKay and Doug Breen.[5]
Auto parts manufacturer Linamar was started in the village of Ariss in 1964 by Hungarian refugee Frank Hasenfratz, initially in his basement.[6] The company, with a staff of five, was incorporated in 1966 as Linamar Machine Limited. Linamar's first major contract was to manufacture automotive oil pumps for Ford.[7] Linamar now operates 22 plants in Guelph.
Prior to European settlement, this area was occupied by the Attawandaron, also known as the Neutrals in the 1600s. They were an Iroquoian-speaking people. The territory was later held by the Mississaugas of the Credit River; they sold a large tract of land to the government in 1818 and it was first surveyed that year. The name Eramosa was applied to the large parcel of land.
Rockwood is the main community in the township. Today Highway 7 gives access to Rockwood, located between Acton and the city of Guelph. The Eramosa River runs through the centre of the village. Anglo-Europeans settled here because of the river; it provided power for mills, some of the first businesses established. They were integral to industry and became the economic engine of the settlement.
In addition, limestone was extracted for industrial use in those years. The former quarry and mining areas are now protected as the nearby Rockwood Conservation Area. The conservation area is used for such recreation as swimming, hiking, canoeing, picnicking and camping from the last Friday in April to the Sunday following Thanksgiving. It attracts more than 65,000 visitors annually.[8] The conservation area features a small reservoir on the Eramosa River, karst formations, and caves.
The township also includes the smaller communities of Ariss, Brucedale, Centre Inn, Eden Mills, Eramosa, Everton, and Marden. Several former place names connected to 19th-century mills and post offices, such as Armstrong Mills,[9] Birge Mills, Mosborough, and Rockcut, continue to appear on some maps of the area.
Settler Adam Argo named a small area as Eden Mills in 1846 after building a mill there. Over the years, the hamlet had a grist mill, an oatmeal mill, and several saw mills, all powered by the Eramosa River. Other businesses also thrived.
In the 20th century, it had a stop for the Toronto Suburban railway (the station area was later developed as the Edgewood Camp), which ran from Toronto to Guelph. As recently as 1950, two churches and a school (SS#11) operated in the hamlet. The population of the hamlet in early 2019 was 350.[10]
James J. Hill, founder of the Great Northern Railway, was born in Rockwood in 1838.
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Guelph/Eramosa had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of 292.84km2, it had a population density of in 2021.[11]
Guelph/Eramosa is governed by a mayor and four councillors, with one councillor representing each of the four municipal wards. The Mayor of Guelph/Eramosa represents the town on the Wellington County Council. As of the 2022 election, the elected council members are:[12]
Mayor: Chris White
Councillors:
and pass through the township, with Highway 7 passing through Rockwood. The nearest 400-series highway is, which is to the south and southeast.
The Metrolinx Guelph Subdivision railway line runs through the southern part of the township. It is used for both passengers and freight (the latter operated by the Canadian National Railway). Despite the line hosting both GO Transit's Kitchener line and Via Rail's Toronto-Sarnia train, no passenger rail service is available in the township; the nearest passenger rail stations are Guelph Central and . Rockwood formerly had a railway station, which was relocated south to the Halton County Radial Railway Museum (technically in the neighbouring town of Milton) for preservation after the end of service.[13]
Guelph/Eramosa township contains three public elementary schools administered by the Upper Grand District School Board. These are:
The Wellington Catholic District School Board opened its first school in the Township in September 2016:
There is also one private school located in Guelph/Eramosa:
Guelph/Eramosa is covered by local newspapers and television through the following services: