List of equipment of the Iranian Army explained

This page includes weapons used by both the Ground Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army and the Ground Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Iran was primarily equipped with Western hardware and equipment. Cases exist where Iran was supplied with equipment before it was even made standard in the country that developed it (for example the US F-14 Tomcat jet, and the British Chieftain tank). Primary suppliers included the United States, Britain, France, West Germany, Italy, Israel, and the Soviet Union.

The post-revolution sanctions and the Iran–Iraq War had a dramatic effect on Iran's inventory of Western equipment. Under the pressures of war, supplies were quickly exhausted and replacements became difficult to come by. The war forced Iran to turn towards Syria, Brazil and China to meet its short-term military needs. Initial developments in military technology were carried out with the support of China, North Korea and Russia to lay the foundations for future industries.

Iranian reliance on these countries has rapidly decreased since the 2010s in most sectors whereby Iran has gained almost total independence. However, in some sectors such as aerospace, Iran is still greatly reliant on external sourcing. Iran has developed the capacity to reverse engineer existing foreign hardware, adapt it to its own requirements and then manufacture the finished product. Examples of this are the Boragh IFV. In an attempt to make its military industries more sustainable Iran has also sought to export its military products.

Infantry gear

ModelTypeImageOriginNotes
Uniform equipment
Ruyin-1Body armor Standard body armor of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army professional units. Offers level NIJ IIIA protection with soft armor installed.
Ruyin-2Body armor Second most widely used body armor of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, alongside the very similarly designed Ruyin-3. Offers high level NIJ IV level protection with plates installed. Also used by FARAJA and NEDAJA marines
Ruyin-3Body armor Standard body armor of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and Basij units, offers high level NIJ IV level protection with plates installed. Also used by FARAJA
Ruyin-5Body armor Standard light plate carrier of Islamic Revolutionary Guard corps. Also used by FARAJA
Derivative of Advanced Combat Helmet helmet Kevlar ballistic helmet Standard helmet across military, except for SOF and Islamic Republic of Iran Army conscripts.
M1 helmetSteel helmet
Used by Islamic Republic of Iran Army conscripts.
MOLLE type vest[1] Load bearing vestUsed across all units.
[2]

Infantry weapons

Firearms

ModelCartridge
Type
ImageOriginNotes
Pistols

Iranian version of the SIG Sauer P226 platform.[3]
CZ 75Used by 65th Airborne Special Forces Brigade.
Glock 19/Glock 179×19mm
Semi-automatic pistol
9×19mm
Semi-automatic pistol
Used by IRGC.[4]
.45 ACP
Semi-automatic pistol
[5] [6]
Submachine guns
Tondar (MPT9, MPT9S),
Tondar Light (MPT9K)

Heckler & Koch MP5 variants produced under license under the trade names of Tondar,[7] and MPT9.
Beretta M12[8]
9×19mm
Submachine gun
Amphibious submachine gun is used by IRGCN frogmen.[9]
9×19mm
Submachine gun
[10]
Shotguns
Hatsan Escort MPA-TSUsed by IRGC during Mahsa Amini protests.[11]
Battle rifles

Artesh service rifle. Heckler & Koch G3A3 and G3A4 rifles produced under license.[12]
Masaf 2 7.62×51mm
Battle rifle
Battle rifle version of the first Masaf variant. It was unveiled in 2021 and parallels the Turkish MPT-76. Future service rifle for the Army?[13]
Zulfiqar Z17.62×51mm
Battle rifle
Future service rifle for the IRGC? (possibly could replace G3 and AKM) It was unveiled in 2017.[14]
Azarakhsh7.62×51mm
Battle rifle
Iranian-designed bullpup variant of the G3 platform.
Assault rifles
KLS
KLF
KLT
Standard issue assault rifle of the Army and IRGC. Iranian versions of the AK platform modeled after the Type 56, Mpi kms 72 and the AKM.
AK-1337.62×39mm
Assault rifle

IRGC service rifle. AK-103 rifle produced under license under the name AK-133, first unveiled in March 2018. An undisclosed amount of AK-103 rifles for use by special forces were purchased from Kalashnikov Concern and delivered in 2016.[15] [16] Iran have another copy of Ak 103 which is called KL-133, This one is the Iranian-Chinese type that is not Made under license of Kalashnikov company
5.56×45mm
Assault rifle

IRGC service rifle. Iranian version of the M16 platform modeled after the Norinco CQ.[17]
Fajr 2245.56×45mm
Assault rifle
Iranian version of the M4 carbine platform.
Masaf 15.56×45mm
Assault rifle
Either a domestically-developed short-stroke piston-driven variant of the AR-15 platform or a copy of the HK416, first unveiled in October 2016.[18]
5.56×45mm
Assault rifle
Mpi Kms 727.62×39
Assault rifle
Built under license Ak-47 by East Germany, The main weapon of Iran's commandos such as Nohed
5.56×45mm
Assault rifle

5.56×45mm
Assault rifle
Iranian-designed bullpup variant of the M16/M4 platform.[19]
7.62×39mm
Assault rifle
Large quantity acquired in the 1980s during the Iran–Iraq War.
AKM variants 7.62×39mm
Assault rifle
Unknown quantity.[20]
Sniper and anti-materiel rifles
Nakhjir (Hoshdar)7.62×54mmR
Sniper rifle,
Designated marksman rifle

Iranian version of the SVD platform.[21] An upgraded variant was unveiled on 12 December 2016.[22]
Domestically produced lightweight sniper weighing 6.5kg (14.3lb) loaded.[23]
Domestically developed sniper rifle with maximum range of 1200 m.
12.7×99mm
Sniper rifle
Anti-materiel rifle

Iranian copy of Barrett M82/M107
Steyr HS .50
Sayyad AM-50
12.7×99mm (.50 BMG)
Sniper rifle,
Anti-materiel rifle
[24]
TaktabIranian 20 mm anti material sniper rifle.[25]
Machine guns
Iranian version of the RPK platform.

Rheinmetall MG3 produced under license.
PKM, PKT
Iranian versions of the PKM and PKMT platforms.
AkhgarLocally produced 7.62 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.
Iranian version of the W85 platform.[26]
Iranian version of the DShkM.[27]
Iranian version of the CS/LM2 platform, first unveiled in 2019. The earliest record of its import dating to 2017.
MoharramLocally produced 12.7 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.[28]

Explosives

ModelTypeOriginImageNotes
Grenade-based weapons
NasirAutomatic grenade launcher 40 mm automatic grenade launcher.
Automatic grenade launcher
30mm automatic grenade launcher.
Grenade launcher
40mm under-barrel grenade launcher. Used by Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
Grenade launcher 40mm shoulder-fired grenade launcher.
Unguided anti-tank weapons
FathRocket-propelled grenade
NafezRocket-propelled grenade
ZafarRocket-propelled grenade
Rocket-propelled grenade Improved version of the RPG-7.[29]
Rocket-propelled grenade launcher [30]
RPG-29 GhadirRocket-propelled grenade launcher [31]
Rocket-propelled grenade launcher Chinese copy of Russian RPG-7.
[32] [33]
Recoilless rifle
ModelTypeYears of production OriginImageNotes
Guided anti-tank weapons
Saeghe 1/2Anti-tank guided missile
Reverse engineered and upgraded M47 Dragon.[34] [35]
Toophan
Toophan 2
Toophan 2B
Toophan 2M
Toophan 3
Toophan 4
Toophan 5
Toophan 6
Toophan 7
Anti-tank guided missileEntered production 1987/1988.
Revealed 2000.
N/A
N/A
Introduced 2016
First shown to the public in 2017 but in use since at least 2015.
Began development in 2002 and entered production in 2010.
Shown to the Public in 2017
Planned Variant, currently in development.
Considered to be the BGM-71A TOW clone,[36] the Toophan-1's payload is a 3.6 kg HEAT warhead. the top speed 310 m/s. Toophan-1 marketing material claims a hit probability of 96%.[37]
The Toophan 2 is a derivative of BGM-71C TOW missile with a tandem HEAT warhead; possibly incorporates elements of BGM-71E TOW 2A missile.[38]
The Toophan 2B is an upgraded model of the Toophan 2 with a heavier warhead.
The Toophan 2M is an upgraded model of the Toophan 2B equipped with a tandem-warhead.[39]
The Toophan 3 is a reverse-engineered American BGM-71F TOW 2B top-attack missile.[40]
The Toophan 4 is a variant of the Toophan family which is equipped with a thermobaric fuel-air warhead.[41]
Considered the premier Toophan variant, the Toophan-5 has laser guidance, tandem-warhead[42] and canards. As a laser-riding missile, it uses a different launcher. Not a copy of any TOW variant.
The Toophan 6 is a variant of the Toophan family which is equipped with an anti-bunker thermobaric warhead[43] and is said to be laser-riding.
The Toophan 7 is a planned variant of the Toophan family, it's equipped warhead is unclear some sources claim it is perhaps fragmentation thermobaric.
Qaem
Qaem-M
Anti-aircraft missileEntered mass production in 2009The Qaem is an Iranian SACLOS beam-riding SHORAD surface-to-air missile. With a range of six kilometers and a maximum altitude of two kilometers, the Qaem is intended for use against unmanned aerial vehicles and low flying or stationary helicopters. The Qaem is a development of the Toophan missile, hence why they are identical in appearance.
The missiles can be used by Ghods Mohajer unmanned aerial vehicles.[44]
The Qaem anti-aircraft missile uses a laser guidance system.[45] Iran also produces a variant, the Qaem-M, which adds a proximity fuse.[46]
DehlavieAnti-tank guided missile Iranian copy of Kornet.[47] [48] Available as Pirooz vehicle-mounted weapon station.[49]
AlmasAnti-tank guided missile Ground-launched version the air-launched Almas, top attack weapon with a range of 8 km. Unlicensed clone of Israeli Spike.[50]
RaadAnti-tank guided missile
Manufactured in Iran under the name Raad.
9K111 FagotAnti-tank guided missile
9M113 Konkurs Towsan-1Anti-tank guided missile Built as Towsan-1 or M-113 in Iran.
9K115-2 Metis-MAnti-tank guided missile

Vehicles

Combat vehicles

See main article: Tanks of Iran.

ModelTypeIn serviceAcquiredOriginImageNotes
Main battle tanks 1,613+
KarrarMain battle tankN/A2021–presentProduction begun, 800 planned by end of 2021.[51]
T-72S
T-72 Rakhsh
Main battle tank
Main battle tank
480[52]
N/A
1994–1999
2010s


Iran produced and received T-72S tanks under licence from Russia from 1993-2012, received 104 T-72M1 tanks from Poland from 1994-1995 and 37 T-72M1 tanks from Belarus starting in 2000.[53] Possible unlicensed production. 1,500 T-72S were ordered/built. Unknown amount of T-72M upgraded to Rakhsh standard, and hundreds of less capable T-72M/M1. T-72 Khorramshahr fitted with T-80UD welded turret and using Kontakt-5 ERA, didn't enter service.
Zulfiqar MBT 1
Zulfiqar MBT 3
Main battle tank100
N/A
1994 – Unknown
2000s
2011 – Unknown
Based on M60. Featuring EFCS-3 fire control system and carousel autoloader. The Zulfiqar 3 is the latest model in the family which has been heavily modernized with advanced technologies and armaments. It features considerable upgrades to the fire control system, chassis, engine and main gun. The new variant is equipped with the 2A46 125 mm smoothbore cannon, a laser rangefinder, RAM camouflage and a new fire control system. It is also fitted with a reinforced turret and the wheels are covered by an armoured skirt.[54] [55]
T-72Z Safir-74
T-55
Main battle tank5401996–present
1945–1958

The T-72Z Safir-74 is a modernized model of the T-55 tank.[56]
Chieftain
Mobarez
Main battle tank1001971-1979
707 Mk-3P and Mk-5P, 125–189 FV-4030-1, 41 ARV and 14 AVLB obtained before the 1979 revolution. Further planned deliveries of the more capable 4030 series were cancelled at that point. 100 in service as of 2005. Many others upgraded to Mobarez.[57] [58]
T-62Main battle tank75+
M60A1 SamsamMain battle tank1501969-1970
Some sources claim ~150 M60.[59] Locally modernized as the Samsam.[60]
M47 Patton
M48 Patton
Main battle tank168
Armoured vehicles 1,240+
TosanLight tankN/ATosan is a domestically produced light tank, based on the FV101 Scorpion
FV101 ScorpionCombat vehicle reconnaissance80
SayyadArmored fast attack vehicleN/ACan be armed with 77 mm rockets, anti-tank guided missiles, and various chainguns.
BoraghArmoured personnel carrier1401980-1988, 1997
Makran IFVAmphibiousN/AMost BTR-50's will be upgraded or are being upgraded to Makran IFV (BTR-50 with new electronics, new armor, and an unmanned turret with a 30mm auto-cannon).
BMP-1Infantry fighting vehicle210
BMP-2Infantry fighting vehicle4001991–2001 (may be present, as production is alleged to have not ended)
1,500 ordered in 1991 from Russia and 413 were delivered between 1993 and 2001 of which 82 were delivered directly by Russia and 331 were assembled in Iran.[61] 100 were in service in 1995, 140 in 2000 and 400 in 2002, 2005 and 2008.[62] 400 are currently in service.[63] Some sources claim that production is ongoing.
M113½ C&R LynxReconnaissance armoured fighting vehicleN/A
M113A1/M577Armoured personnel carrier2001966-1978
RakhshArmoured personnel carrierN/AMultiple variants with upgraded armor.
SarirArmored personnel carrierN/ADomestically made 4x4 armoured personnel carrier also known as Tala'iye.
BTR-50
BTR-60Haidar
Armoured personnel carrier300+1966–2017 (BTR-80)
center|150px
KPVT 14.5 mm machine gun replaced with DShKM 12.7 mm machine gun or ZSU-23 gun on some vehicles. anti-tank guided missile launchers added to some vehicles. Sedad BTR-82 variant of BTR-60 with ZU-23-2. Heidar 6 variant with BMP-1 turret installed onto BTR-60, Heidar 7 variant with ERA bricks, modified interior, and new turret installed with a single 23 mm gun. Heidar-5 mine layer variant and Shahram NRBC detection vehicle variants of BTR-60.
PiroozAnti-tank missile carrierN/A2021Based on Aras tactical vehicle. The vehicle is equipped either two or four Dehlavieh anti-tank missile system.[64]
EE-9 CascavelArmored car35According to Global Security, 35 are in service.
EE-11 UrutuArmoured personnel carrier50 Brazil[65] [66] [67]
ToofanMRAPN/A
Special military equipment
Murmansk-BNElectronic warfare systemN/A2024–present

Non-combat vehicles

ModelTypeQuantityAcquiredOriginImageNotes
Utility vehicles
Safir JeepMultipurpose military vehicle36,000+[68] 2008 Yearly production capacity of 5000 vehicles.[69] [70]
SamandarLight attack vehicle1000+[71] [72]
Kaviran / SepehrMultipurpose utility vehicle900 to 1800+[73] [74]
Aras/Aras 2Multipurpose military vehicle2000+[75] [76]
RangerLight attack vehicleUnknown [77] [78]
M548Cargo carrierUnknown United States
Trucks
NeynavaLightweight truck15,000+
Mercedes-Benz L-series truckTruckUnknown
[79]
Mercedes-Benz ActrosHeavy truck1000+
KrAZ-6322Heavy truckUnknown
KrAZ-5233Heavy truckUnknown
Hyundai MightyLight truck2000+
Engineering vehicles
Shahram NRBCCBRN defenseUnknown
Husky VMMDVMMDUnknown
Egypt
Dozens of units are in service, a specific number is unknown.

Artillery

ModelTypeQuantityAcquiredOriginPictureNotes
Mortars
37mm Marsh Mortar975+
60 mm mortar 138+
60 mm mortar 478+
60 mm mortar 280+
81 mm mortar 57+
120 mm mortar 86+
120 mm mortar 38+
160 mm mortar 78+
Multiple rocket launcher system 1,467+
Type-63107mm MRL700
Fajr 1107mm MRL 6001986
BM-21 Grad122mm multiple launch rocket system 1071978
Fajr-3240mm multiple launch rocket system 101994
Fajr-5330mm multiple launch rocket system N/A1990
122mm Hadid/Azrash/Nur122mm multiple launch rocket system 501994
Self-propelled howitzer 292+
2S1 Gvozdika122mm self-propelled howitzer60
Raad 1122 mm self-propelled howitzerN/A
Raad 2155 mm self-propelled howitzer N/A1997 Based on M109
155 mm self-propelled howitzer 150
Remanufactured locally as the Hoveyzeh.
M107175 mm self-propelled howitzer22
M110203 mm self-propelled howitzer30
M-1978170 mm self-propelled howitzer30
Towed Howitzer 2,030+
M101A1105mm howitzer130
M-56105 mm howitzer20
2A18M122 mm howitzer 540
122 mm D-74/Type 60 field gun 122 mm howitzer N/A and Operated by IRGC-Ground artillery.
122mm HM 40122 mm howitzer N/APhoto may show scale model
Type-54122 mm howitzer 100
[80]
M1954 and Type 59 130 mm howitzer 985 and In 2002, Iran had 1,100 M-46 in conditional use. By 2012 this number has dropped to 985.
152 mm howitzer 30
155 mm howitzer N/A[81] [82]
155 mm howitzer N/A
Type 88155mm howtizer15
GHN-45155 mm howitzer120
M114155 mm howitzer70
203 mm howitzer 20

Missiles

This refers to ballistic missiles and not battlefield systems. Iran's missile forces are under the command of the Revolutionary Guards, under the army's authority. Additional information is available at the article Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution, which force operates Iran's long-range missiles. Iran was reported to have purchased 18 mobile Musudan missiles (the extended range version of Soviet R-27 Zyb) with a 3,200-to-4,000 km range in 2005.[83]

ModelTypeQuantityAcquiredOriginImageNotes
Anti-ship missiles
N/ABased on Fateh-110[84] [85]
Kowsar 1/2/3 N/A
A copy of Chinese C-701 and TL-10[86]
Anti ship missile N/AChinese ASCM
Anti ship missile N/A
A copy of Chinese C-705 and TL-6
Anti-ship missile N/A
A copy of Chinese C-801 and C-802
Anti ship missile N/A
an Enhanced, Locally Produced Version of the C-802 Anti-Ship Missile[87]
Anti-ship missile N/A
Anti-ship missile N/AThe missile is a reverse engineered and upgraded variant of China's Silkworm anti-ship missile [88]
ZafarAnti-ship missile N/ALight ASCM for IRGC navy[89]
Abu MahdiAnti ship missileN/ALong-range ASCM[90]
Ballistic missiles
Rocket artillery N/A
OghabRocket artillery N/A1985–present
An upgraded Chinese Type-83 rocket, created with Chinese assistance.
Naze'atRocket artilleryN/A
Zelzal3800+[91]
Fateh-110Tactical ballistic missile4500+2002–present [92]
9K720 IskanderMobile short-range ballistic missileN/A

Air defense

See main article: List of equipment of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force.

Aircraft

See main article: List of aircraft of the Iranian Air Force and List of aircraft of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force.

The IRIA Ground Forces operates an army aviation component comprising the following aircraft and UAVs:

Helicopters

AircraftOriginTypeVariantQuantityYearsimageNotes
Attack helicopters
HESA Shahed 285light attack/reconnaissanceN/A2009Can carry ATGM's, anti ship missiles, and air to air missiles.
IAIO ToufanAttackToufan I/Toufan II502010The IAIO Toufan or Toophan (Persian: توفان, "typhoon") is series of combat helicopters by the Iran Aviation Industries Organization. Based on the US-built AH-1J International with New laser system Rocket-launching digital control system Multi-display monitor, and Central smart arms management system
Panha 2091AttackAH-1J International13[93] 1998
Utility helicopters
HESA Shahed 274light utility helicopter.N/A2000
HESA Shahed 278Light utilityN/A2005Iran's Shahed Aviation Industries Research Center plans to produce several variants of Shahed, according to sources. The first platform was the Shahed-278 (Oh-78), described as a light reconnaissance helicopter, armed with weapons and sensors. Test flights of the Shahed-278 (Oh-78) began in 2005
Mil Mi-17Medium-lift transportMi-8/1720Used by Iran Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps navy and Ground Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Agusta Bell 206Light utility/trainerAB 206 10Licence-built in Italy.
Agusta-Bell 212UtilityAB-212 N/ALicence-built in Italy
Bell 214Utility/SARBell 214C/214A 49
Bell UH-1N Twin HueyUtilityBell-205A681970In addition to the Air Force, the helicopter is used by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and the Iranian police
Boeing CH-47 ChinookHeavy-lift transportCH-47C 20

Transport aircraft

AircraftTypeVersionsIn serviceOriginPhoto
VIP transport Falcon 20E 1
Tactical transport F27-400M
F27-600
2
Utility transport 690 4United States
Transport Cessna 185F 10United States

Unmanned aerial vehicles

ModelTypeQuantityAcquiredOriginImageNotes
- Under development
+ 2010 [94] [95]
+1986A wide number built in several different variants including the tactical Ababil-5 for medium-range reconnaissance and surveillance, the Ababil-T for short/medium-range attack, and also the Ababil-B and -S[96]
ArashLoitering munition2020
Mohajer 1/2/3/4/5300+1980's[97]
Mohajer 6Unmanned combat aerial vehicle221+2017[98]
+Suicide drone
Ra'ad + With offensive capabilities[99] [100]
Nazir +
Hod Hod + [101]
90 2013[102]
50+ 2014Based on, but smaller than and substantially different from, the Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel
? 2014Full-size copy of the American RQ-170 UAV
Hundreds2013In November 2013 a Yasir UAV was shown flying over Damascus, Syria in support of Syrian Arab Army forces fighting against rebels.[103]
42+ 2012Medium-altitude long-endurance combat drone, counterpart of the American MQ-1 Predator.
Shahed 136Loitering munition2020/2021
Shahed 149 GazaUnmanned combat aerial vehicle2021High-altitude long-endurance combat drone, counterpart of the American MQ-9 Reaper.
30 2013A medium-range drone, capable of carrying air to ground missiles
10+ 2013Capable of carrying air-to-air missiles
? 2013Unmanned combat aerial vehicle with range of 2000 km, flight ceiling of 25000 ft and 16–30 hours flight endurance, armed with missiles.[104]
Kaman 22Unmanned combat aerial vehicle?2021Wide-body combat drone with a range of 3000 km, a flight duration of over 24 hours and armed with variety of weapons.[105]
1801970s
Meraj-532 ? 2023 Suicide drone to be used in Islamic Revolutionary Guards. May still be in test phase.[106]

See also

Lists of equipment

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Far East Tactical MilSim . 2022-09-21 . Far East Tactical . 2 March 2021 . en-US.
  2. Web site: Indigenous Iranian Equipment: Iranian Molle Vest . November 24, 2021 . en-US.
  3. Web site: Iranian Pistols. 13 November 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924074603/http://www.pmulcahy.com/pistols/iranian_pistols.htm. 2015-09-24. live.
  4. Mick . AnalystMick . 1153597998561202176 . 2019-07-23 .
    1. Iran #IRGC soldiers train in the Isfahan Province. The soldiers use AK-103 bought from Russia and FN High Power pistols. As targets they use pictures of Benjamin Netanyahu PM of Israel. https://t.co/BcjOaaCP8Z
    . en . 2021-03-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190912113145/https://twitter.com/analystmick/status/1153597998561202176 . 2019-09-12 . live.
  5. Book: Hogg, Ian. Jane's Infantry Weapons 1989-90, 15th Edition . Jane's Information Group. 1989. 0-7106-0889-6. 826–836.
  6. Book: Jones, Richard. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009-2010 . Jane's Information Group. 2009. 978-0-7106-2869-5 . 897.
  7. Web site: Report: Profiling the Small Arms Industry . World Policy Institute . 13 November 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20171011093831/http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/smallarms.htm. 11 October 2017. dead.
  8. Book: Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002–2003. . 0-7106-2434-4 . 899–906.
  9. Web site: Silah Report Podcast V33: Iranian Submachine Guns (1979-Present). 5 July 2021.
  10. Miller, David (2001). The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns. Salamander Books Ltd. .
  11. Web site: Special Report: What Equipment Is Used To Suppress Iran Protests, Which companies Provides Them? . iranwire.com . 1 January 2023 . en.
  12. Web site: Products List . www.diomil.ir . https://web.archive.org/web/20051130021735/http://www.diomil.ir/armament/armament.htm . November 30, 2005.
  13. Web site: https://silahreport.com/2021/03/15/iran-unveils-new-7-62x51mm-masaf-series-rifle/ . 2023-09-05 . silahreport.com.
  14. Web site: 2017-06-28 . Iranian Zulfiqar Modular Rifle, Islamic Republic's SCAR - . 2023-09-06 . The Firearm Blog . en-US.
  15. Web site: Iran's DM Confirms Purchase of AK-103 Machine Guns - Defense news .
  16. Web site: نمایش کلاشینکف جدید در نمایشگاه راهیان نور نداجا .
  17. Web site: Archived copy . www.diomil.ir . 22 February 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110722014925/http://www.diomil.ir/en/aig.aspx?search_id=ass556. . 22 July 2011 . dead.
  18. Web site: Iran Introduces (Yet Another) New Assault Rifle, the "MASAF" - HK416 Clone? - . 26 October 2016 .
  19. Web site: تولید انبوه و استقبال نیروهای مسلح از"سلاح خیبر"+جزئیات. April 30, 2013. www.mashreghnews.ir. November 11, 2022.
  20. Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009).
  21. Book: Jones, Richard. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009–2010 . Jane's Information Group. 2009. 978-0-7106-2869-5 . 897.
  22. Web site: Iran's Army Unveils New Gear in War Game . Tasnim News Agency . 12 December 2016 . 12 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161213110950/https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2016/12/12/1265249/iran-s-army-unveils-new-gear-in-war-game-photos . 2016-12-13 . live .
  23. http://www.armyrecognition.com/december_2013_defense_industry_military_news_uk/iran_unveils_new_home-made_siyavash_ultra_light_sniper_rifle_during_a_military_exhibition_2612132.html Iran unveils its new home-made Siyavash an ultra light sniper rifle during a military exhibition
  24. Web site: Iraqi insurgents using Austrian rifles from Iran. Thomas Harding, Defence Correspondent. 13 February 2007. Telegraph.co.uk. 13 November 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141028090206/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1542559/Iraqi-insurgents-using-Austrian-rifles-from-Iran.html. 2014-10-28. live.
  25. Web site: تک-تیراندازهای-ایرانی-از-دراگانوف-به-تک‌تاب-رسیدند-عکس . 28 September 2012 . 2013-05-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121002035318/http://www.mashreghnews.ir/fa/news/152551 . 2012-10-02 . live.
  26. Web site: Army Recognition . Deface News - Iran . armyrecognition.com . 2013-03-10 . 2017-08-08.
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