| Enni Ben'en | |
| Native Name: | 圓爾辯圓 |
| Native Name Lang: | ja |
| Birth Date: | 1 November 1202 (15th day, 10th month, Kennin 5) |
| Birth Place: | Shizuoka, Japan |
| Death Date: | 10 November 1280 (age 78) (17th day, 10th month, Kōan 3) |
| Death Place: | Mount Kōya, Japan |
| Religion: | Buddhism |
| School: | Mahayana Buddhism, Rinzai, Tendai |
| Teacher: | Eisai, Wuzhun Shifan |
| Enni Ben'en | |
| S: | 圆尔辩圆 |
| T: | 圓爾辯圓 |
| P: | Yuán'ěr Biànyuán |
| Bpmf: | ㄩㄢˊ ㄦˇ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄩㄢˊ |
| W: | Yüan2-êrh3 Pien4-yüan2 |
| Order: | ts |
Enni Ben'en (圓爾辯圓; 1 November 1202 – 10 November 1280) or simply Enni, also known as Shōichi Kokushi, was a Japanese Buddhist monk. He started his Buddhist training as a Tendai monk. While he was studying with Eisai, a vision of Sugawara no Michizane appeared to him in a dream and told him to go to China and study meditation. Following this vision, he met the Rinzai teacher Wuzhun Shifan in China, and studied Mahayana with him. When he returned to Japan, after founding Jōten-ji temple in Hakata (Fukuoka), he founded Tōfuku-ji monastery in Kyoto, and practiced Zen as well as other types of Buddhism. His disciples included Mujū.
It is traditionally believed that Enni was one of the monks who introduced noodles to Japan from China.
The origin of the most famous festival in Fukuoka City, the Hakata Gion Yamakasa is believed to date back to 1241 and is closely related to Enni. He had people carry him around the town on a float while praying against the plague and eventually getting successfully rid of it. Thus in remembrance, it became an annual event.[1]
Enni Ben'en is the possible author of the Shoichikokushi Kana Hogo (Vernacular Dharma Words of the National Teacher Sacred Unity). The text is also known as the Zazenron (Treatise on Seated Meditation). It is a brief text, composed of 24 questions and answers.