England cricket team explained

England
Nickname:Three Lions, Poms
Association:England and Wales Cricket Board
Test Captain:Ben Stokes
Od Captain:Jos Buttler
T20i Captain:Jos Buttler
Test Coach:Brendon McCullum
Od T20 Coach:Marcus Trescothick (interim)
Test Status Year:1877
Icc Status:Full Member
Icc Member Year:1909
Icc Region:Europe
Test Rank:3rd
Odi Rank:6th
T20i Rank:3rd
Test Rank Best:1st (1 June 1955)
Odi Rank Best:1st (1 January 1981)
T20i Rank Best:1st (24 October 2011)
First Test:v. at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne; 15–19 March 1877
Most Recent Test:v. at Edgbaston, Birmingham; 26–28 July 2024
Num Tests:1,074
Num Tests This Year:8
Test Record:395/324
(355 draws)
Test Record This Year:4/4
(0 draws)
Wtc Apps:2
Wtc First:2019–2021
Wtc Best:Fourth place (2019–2021, 2021-2023)
First Odi:v. at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne; 5 January 1971
Most Recent Odi:v. at Kensington Oval, Bridgetown; 9 December 2023
Num Odis:797
Num Odis This Year:0
Odi Record:400/357
(9 ties, 31 no results)
Odi Record This Year:0/0
(0 ties, 0 no results)
Wc Apps:13
Wc First:1975
Wc Best:Champions (2019)
First T20i:v. at the Ageas Bowl, Southampton; 13 June 2005
Most Recent T20i:v. at Providence Stadium, Guyana; 27 June 2024
Num T20is:192
Num T20is This Year:10
T20i Record:100/83
(2 ties, 7 no results)
T20i Record This Year:6/3
(0 ties, 1 no result)
Wt20 Apps:8
Wt20 First:2007
Wt20 Best:Champions (2010, 2022)
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A Pattern La:_blueborder
A Pattern B:_eng_odi23
A Pattern Ra:_blueborder
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Asofdate:28 July 2024

The England men's cricket team represents England and Wales in international cricket. Since 1997, it has been governed by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), having been previously governed by Marylebone Cricket Club (the MCC) since 1903.[1] [2] England, as a founding nation, is a Full Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) with Test, One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 International (T20I) status. Until the 1990s, Scottish and Irish players also played for England as those countries were not yet ICC members in their own right.

England and Australia were the first teams to play a Test match (15–19 March 1877), and along with South Africa, these nations formed the Imperial Cricket Conference (the predecessor to today's International Cricket Council) on 15 June 1909. England and Australia also played the first ODI on 5 January 1971. England's first T20I was played on 13 June 2005, once more against Australia.

, England have played 1,074 Test matches, winning 395 and losing 324 (with 355 draws).[3] In the Test series against Australia, England play for The Ashes, one of the most famous trophies in all of sport, and they have won the urn on 32 occasions. England have also played 797 ODIs, winning 400.[4] They have appeared in the final of the Cricket World Cup four times (1979, 1987, 1992), and winning their first in 2019; they have also finished as runners-up in two ICC Champions Trophies (2004 and 2013). England have played 192 T20Is, winning 100.[5] They won the ICC T20 World Cup in 2010 and 2022, and were runners-up in 2016.

, England are ranked third in Tests, sixth in ODIs and third in T20Is by the ICC.

History

See main article: History of the England cricket team to 1939 and History of the England cricket team from 1945.

The first recorded incidence of a team with a claim to represent England comes from 9 July 1739 when an "All-England" team, which consisted of 11 gentlemen from any part of England exclusive of Kent, played against "the Unconquerable County" of Kent and lost by a margin of "very few notches".[6] Such matches were repeated on numerous occasions for the best part of a century.

In 1846 William Clarke formed the All-England Eleven. This team eventually competed against a United All-England Eleven with annual matches occurring between 1847 and 1856. These matches were arguably the most important contest of the English season if judged by the quality of the players.

Early tours

The first overseas tour occurred in September 1859 with England touring North America. This team had six players from the All-England Eleven, six from the United All-England Eleven and was captained by George Parr.

With the outbreak of the American Civil War, attention turned elsewhere. English tourists visited Australia in 1861–62 with this first tour organised as a commercial venture by Messrs Spiers and Pond, restaurateurs of Melbourne. Most matches played during tours prior to 1877 were "against odds", with the opposing team fielding more than 11 players to make for a more even contest.[7] This first Australian tour was mostly against odds of at least 18/11.

The tour was so successful that Parr led a second tour in 1863–64. James Lillywhite led a subsequent England team which sailed on the P&O steamship Poonah on 21 September 1876. They played a combined Australian XI, for once on even terms of 11-a-side. The match, starting on 15 March 1877 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground came to be regarded as the inaugural Test match. The combined Australian XI won this Test match by 45 runs with Charles Bannerman of Australia scoring the first Test century. At the time, the match was promoted as James Lillywhite's XI v Combined Victoria and New South Wales.[7] The teams played a return match on the same ground at Easter, 1877, when Lillywhite's team avenged their loss with a victory by four wickets. The first Test match on English soil occurred in 1880 with England victorious; this was the first time England fielded a fully representative side with W. G. Grace included in the team.[8]

1880s

England lost their first home series 1–0 in 1882, with The Sporting Times printing an obituary on English cricket:

As a result of this loss, the tour of 1882–83 was dubbed by England captain Ivo Bligh as "the quest to regain the ashes". England, with a mixture of amateurs and professionals, won the series 2–1.[9] Bligh was presented with an urn that contained some ashes, which have variously been said to be of a bail, ball or even a woman's veil, and so The Ashes was born. A fourth match was then played which Australia won by four wickets. However, the match was not considered part of the Ashes series.[9] [10] England dominated many of these early contests, with England winning the Ashes series 10 times between 1884 and 1898.[11] During this period England also played their first Test match against South Africa in 1889 at Port Elizabeth.[12]

1890s

England won the 1890 Ashes series 2–0, with the third match of the series being the first Test match to be abandoned. England lost 2–1 in the 1891–92 series, although England regained the urn the following year. England again won the 1894–95 series, winning 3–2 under the leadership of Andrew Stoddart. In 1895–96, England played South Africa, winning all Tests in the series. The 1899 Ashes series was the first tour where the MCC and the counties appointed a selection committee. There were three active players: Grace, Lord Hawke and Warwickshire captain Herbert Bainbridge. Prior to this, England teams for home Tests had been chosen by the club on whose ground the match was to be played. England lost the 1899 Ashes series 1–0, with Grace making his final Test appearance in the first match of the series.

1900s

The start of the 20th century saw mixed results for England as they lost four of the eight Ashes series between 1900 and 1914.[13] During this period, England lost their first series against South Africa in the 1905–06 season 4–1 as their batting faltered.[14]

England lost their first series of the new century to Australia in 1901–02 Ashes. Australia also won the 1902 series, which was memorable for exciting cricket, including Gilbert Jessop scoring a Test century in just 70 minutes. England regained the Ashes in 1904 under the captaincy of Pelham Warner. R. E. Foster scored 287 on his debut and Wilfred Rhodes took 15 wickets in a match. In 1905–06, England lost 4–1 against South Africa. England avenged the defeat in 1907, when they won the series 1–0 under the captaincy of Foster. However, they lost the 1909 Ashes series against Australia, using 25 players in the process. England also lost to South Africa, with Jack Hobbs scoring his first of 15 centuries on the tour.

1910s

England toured Australia in 1911–12 and beat their opponents 4–1. The team included the likes of Rhodes, Hobbs, Frank Woolley and Sydney Barnes. England lost the first match of the series but bounced back and won the next four Tests. This proved to be the last Ashes series before the war.

The 1912 season saw England take part in a unique experiment. A nine-Test triangular tournament involving England, South Africa and Australia was set up. The series was hampered by a very wet summer and player disputes however and the tournament was considered a failure with the Daily Telegraph stating:[15]

With Australia sending a weakened team and the South African bowlers being ineffective England dominated the tournament winning four of their six matches. The match between Australia and South Africa at Lord's was visited by King George V, the first time a reigning monarch had watched Test cricket.[16] England went on one more tour before the outbreak of the First World War, beating South Africa 4–0, with Barnes taking 49 wickets in the series.

1920s

England's first match after the war was in the 1920–21 season against Australia. Still feeling the effects of the war England went down to a series of crushing defeats and suffered their first whitewash losing the series 5–0. Six Australians scored hundreds while Mailey spun out 36 English batsmen. Things were no better in the next few Ashes series losing the 1921 Ashes series 3–0 and the 1924–25 Ashes 4–1. England's fortunes were to change in 1926 as they regained the Ashes and were a formidable team during this period dispatching Australia 4–1 in the 1928–29 Ashes tour.

In the same year the West Indies became the fourth nation to be granted Test status and played their first game against England. England won each of these three Tests by an innings, and a view was expressed in the press that their elevation had proved a mistake although Learie Constantine did the double on the tour. In the 1929–30 season England went on two concurrent tours with one team going to New Zealand (who were granted Test status earlier that year) and the other to the West Indies. Despite sending two separate teams England won both tours beating New Zealand 1–0 and the West Indies 2–1.

1930s

The 1930 Ashes series saw a young Don Bradman dominate the tour, scoring 974 runs in his seven Test innings. He scored 254 at Lord's, 334 at Headingley and 232 at The Oval. Australia regained the Ashes winning the series 3–1. As a result of Bradman's prolific run-scoring the England captain Douglas Jardine chose to develop the already existing leg theory into fast leg theory, or bodyline, as a tactic to stop Bradman. Fast leg theory involved bowling fast balls directly at the batsman's body. The batsman would need to defend himself, and if he touched the ball with the bat, he risked being caught by one of a large number of fielders placed on the leg side.

Using Jardine's fast leg theory, England won the next Ashes series 4–1, but complaints about the Bodyline tactic caused crowd disruption on the tour, and threats of diplomatic action from the Australian Cricket Board, which during the tour sent the following cable to the MCC in London:

Later, Jardine was removed from the captaincy and the Laws of Cricket changed so that no more than one fast ball aimed at the body was permitted per over, and having more than two fielders behind square leg was banned.

England's following tour of India in the 1933–34 season was the first Test match to be staged in the subcontinent. The series was also notable for Stan Nichols and Nobby Clark bowling so many bouncers that the Indian batsman wore solar toupées instead of caps to protect themselves.

Australia won the 1934 Ashes series 2–1 and kept the urn for the following 19 years. Many of the wickets of the time were friendly to batsmen resulting in a large proportion of matches ending in high scoring draws and many batting records being set.

England drew the 1938 Ashes, meaning Australia retained the urn. England went into the final match of the series at The Oval 1–0 down, but won the final game by an innings and 579 runs. Len Hutton made the highest ever Test score by an Englishman, making 364 in England first innings to help them reach 903, their highest ever score against Australia.

The 1938–39 tour of South Africa saw another experiment with the deciding Test being a timeless Test that was played to a finish. England lead 1–0 going into the final timeless match at Durban. Despite the final Test being 'timeless', the game ended in a draw after 10 days as England had to catch the train to catch the boat home. A record 1,981 runs were scored, and the concept of timeless Tests was abandoned. England went on one final tour of the West Indies in 1939 before the Second World War, although a team for an MCC tour of India was selected more in hope than expectation of the matches being played.

1940s

Test cricket resumed after the war in 1946, and England won their first match back against India. However, they struggled in the 1946–47 Ashes series, losing 3–0 in Australia under Wally Hammond's captaincy. England beat South Africa 3–0 in 1947 with Denis Compton scoring 1,187 runs in the series.

The 1947–48 series against the West Indies was another disappointment for England, with the side losing 2–0 following injuries to several key players. England suffered further humiliation against Bradman's invincible side in the 1948 Ashes series. Hutton was controversially dropped for the third Test, and England were bowled out for just 52 at The Oval. The series proved to be Bradman's final Ashes series.

In 1948–49, England beat South Africa 2–0 under the captaincy of George Mann. The series included a record breaking stand of 359 between Hutton and Cyril Washbrook. The decade ended with England drawing the Test series against New Zealand, with every match ending in a draw.

1950s

Their fortunes changed on the 1953 Ashes tour as they won the series 1–0. England did not lose a series between their 1950–51 and 1958–59 tours of Australia and secured famous victory in 1954–55 under the captaincy of Len Hutton, thanks to Frank Tyson whose 6/85 at Sydney and 7/27 at Melbourne are remembered as the fastest bowling ever seen in Australia. The 1956 series was remembered for the bowling of Jim Laker who took 46 wickets at an average of 9.62, including figures of 19/90 at Old Trafford. After drawing to South Africa, England defeated the West Indies and New Zealand comfortably.

The England team then left for Australia in the 1958–59 season with a team that had been hailed as the strongest ever to leave on an Ashes tour but lost the series 4–0 as Richie Benaud's revitalised Australians were too strong, with England struggling with the bat throughout the series.

On 24 August 1959, England inflicted its only 5–0 whitewash over India. All out for 194 at The Oval, India lost the last test by an innings. England's batsman Ken Barrington and Colin Cowdrey both had an excellent series with the bat, with Barrington scoring 357 runs across the series and Cowdrey scoring 344.

1960s

The early and middle 1960s were poor periods for English cricket. Despite England's strength on paper, Australia held the Ashes and the West Indies dominated England in the early part of the decade. May stood down as captain in 1961 following the 1961 Ashes defeat.

Ted Dexter succeeded him as captain but England continued to suffer indifferent results. In 1961–62, they beat Pakistan, but also lost to India. The following year saw England and Australia tie the 1962–63 Ashes series 1–1, meaning Australia retained the urn. Despite beating New Zealand 3–0, England went on to lose to the West Indies, and again failed in the 1964 Ashes, losing the home series 1–0, which marked the end of Dexter's captaincy.

However, from 1968 to 1971 they played 27 consecutive Test matches without defeat, winning 9 and drawing 18 (including the abandoned Test at Melbourne in 1970–71). The sequence began when they drew with Australia at Lord's in the Second Test of the 1968 Ashes series and ended in 1971 when India won the Third Test at The Oval by four wickets. They played 13 Tests with only one defeat immediately beforehand and so played a total of 40 consecutive Tests with only one defeat, dating from their innings victory over the West Indies at The Oval in 1966. During this period they beat New Zealand, India, the West Indies, and Pakistan, and under Ray Illingworth's leadership, regained The Ashes from Australia in 1970–71.

1970s

The 1970s, for the England team, can be largely split into three parts. Early in the decade, Illingworth's side dominated world cricket, winning the Ashes away in 1971 and then retaining them at home in 1972. The same side beat Pakistan at home in 1971 and played by far the better cricket against India that season. However, England were largely helped by the rain to sneak the Pakistan series 1–0 but the same rain saved India twice and one England collapse saw them lose to India. This was, however, one of (if not the) strongest England team ever with the likes of Illingworth, Geoffrey Boycott, John Edrich, Basil D'Oliveira, Dennis Amiss, Alan Knott, John Snow and Derek Underwood at its core.

The mid-1970s were more turbulent. Illingworth and several others had refused to tour India in 1972–73 which led to a clamour for Illingworth's job by the end of that summer – England had just been beaten 2–0 by a flamboyant West Indies side – with several England players well over 35. Mike Denness was the surprising choice but only lasted 18 months; his results against poor opposition were good, but England were badly exposed as ageing and lacking in good fast bowling against the 1974–75 Australians, losing that series 4–1 to lose the Ashes.Denness was replaced in 1975 by Tony Greig. While he managed to avoid losing to Australia, his side were largely thrashed the following year by the young and very much upcoming West Indies for whom Greig's infamous "grovel" remark acted as motivation. Greig's finest hour was probably the 1976–77 win over India in India. When Greig was discovered as being instrumental in World Series Cricket, he was sacked, and replaced by Mike Brearley.

Brearley's side showed again the hyperbole that is often spoken when one side dominates in cricket. While his side of 1977–80 contained some young players who went on to become England greats, most notably future captains Ian Botham, David Gower and Graham Gooch, their opponents were often very much weakened by the absence of their World Series players, especially in 1978, when England beat New Zealand 3–0 and Pakistan 2–0 before thrashing what was effectively Australia's 2nd XI 5–1 in 1978–79.

1980s

The England team, with Brearley's exit in 1980, was never truly settled throughout the 1980s, which will probably be remembered as a low point for the team. While some of the great players like Botham, Gooch and Gower had fine careers, the team seldom succeeded in beating good opposition throughout the decade and did not score a home Test victory (except against minnows Sri Lanka) between September 1985 and July 1990.

Botham took over the captaincy in 1980 and they put up a good fight against the West Indies, losing a five match Test series 1–0, although England were humbled in the return series. After scoring a pair in the first Test against Australia, Botham lost the captaincy due to his poor form, and was replaced by Brearley. Botham returned to form and played exceptionally in the remainder of the series, being named man of the match in the third, fourth and fifth Tests. The series became known as Botham's Ashes as England recorded a 3–1 victory.

Keith Fletcher took over as captain in 1981, but England lost his first series in charge against India. Bob Willis took over as captain in 1982 and enjoyed victories over India and Pakistan, but lost the Ashes after Australia clinched the series 2–1. England hosted the World Cup in 1983 and reached the semi-finals, but their Test form remained poor, as they suffered defeats against New Zealand, Pakistan and the West Indies.

Gower took over as skipper in 1984 and led the team to a 2–1 victory over India. They went on to win the 1985 Ashes 3–1, although after this came a poor run of form. Defeat to the West Indies dented the team's confidence, and they went on to lose to India 2–0. In 1986, Micky Stewart was appointed the first full-time England coach. England beat New Zealand, but there was little hope of them retaining the Ashes in 1986–87. However, despite being described as a team that 'can't bat, can't bowl and can't field', they went on to win the series 2–1.

After losing consecutive series against Pakistan, England drew a three match Test series against New Zealand 0–0. They reached the final of the 1987 World Cup, but lost by seven runs against Australia. After losing 4–0 to the West Indies, England lost the Ashes to a resurgent Australia led by Allan Border. With the likes of Gooch banned following a rebel tour to South Africa, a new look England side suffered defeat again against the West Indies, although this time by a margin of 2–1.

1990s

If the 1980s were a low point for English Test cricket, then the 1990s were only a slight improvement. The arrival of Gooch as captain in 1990 forced a move toward more professionalism and especially fitness though it took some time for old habits to die. Even in 2011, one or two successful county players have been shown up as physically unfit for international cricket. Creditable performances against India and New Zealand in 1990 were followed by a hard-fought draw against the 1991 West Indies and a strong performance in the 1992 Cricket World Cup in which the England team finished as runners-up for the second consecutive World Cup, but landmark losses against Australia in 1990–91 and especially Pakistan in 1992 showed England up badly in terms of bowling. So bad was England's bowling in 1993 that Rod Marsh described England's pace attack at one point as "pie throwers". Having lost three of the first four Tests played in England in 1993, Gooch resigned to be replaced by Michael Atherton.

More selectorial problems abounded during Atherton's reign as new chairman of selectors and coach Ray Illingworth (then into his 60s) assumed almost sole responsibility for the team off the field. The youth policy which had seen England emerge from the West Indies tour of 1993–94 with some credit (though losing to a seasoned Windies team) was abandoned and players such as Gatting and Gooch were persisted with when well into their 30s and 40s. England continued to do well at home against weaker opponents such as India, New Zealand and a West Indies side beginning to fade but struggled badly against improving sides like Pakistan and South Africa. Atherton had offered his resignation after losing the 1997 Ashes series 3–2 having been 1–0 up after two matches – eventually to resign one series later in early 1998. England, looking for talent, went through a whole raft of new players during this period, such as Ronnie Irani, Adam Hollioake, Craig White, Graeme Hick and Mark Ramprakash. At this time, there were two main problems:

Stewart took the reins as captain in 1998, but another losing Ashes series and early World Cup exit cost him Test and ODI captaincy in 1999. This should not detract from the 1998 home Test series where England showed great fortitude to beat a powerful South African side 2–1.

Another reason for their poor performances were the demands of County Cricket teams on their players, meaning that England could rarely field a full-strength team on their tours. This eventually led to the ECB taking over from the MCC as the governing body of England and the implementation of central contracts. 1992 also saw Scotland sever ties with the England and Wales team, and begin to compete as the Scotland national team.

By 1999, with coach David Lloyd resigning after the World Cup exit and new captain Nasser Hussain just appointed, England hit rock bottom (literally ranked as the lowest-rated Test nation) after losing 2–1 to New Zealand in shambolic fashion. Hussain was booed on the Oval balcony as the crowd jeered "We've got the worst team in the world" to the tune of "He's Got the Whole World in His Hands".

2000s

Central contracts were installed – reducing players workloads – and following the arrival of Zimbabwean coach Duncan Fletcher, England thrashed the fallen West Indies 3–1. England's results in Asia improved that winter with series wins against both Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Hussain's side had a far harder edge to it, avoiding the anticipated "Greenwash" in the 2001 Ashes series against the all-powerful Australian team. The nucleus the side was slowly coming together as players such as Hussain himself, Graham Thorpe, Darren Gough and Ashley Giles began to be regularly selected. By 2003 though, having endured another Ashes drubbing as well as another first-round exit from the World Cup, Hussain resigned as captain after one Test against South Africa.

Michael Vaughan took over, with players encouraged to express themselves. England won five consecutive Test series prior to facing Australia in the 2005 Ashes series, taking the team to second place in the ICC Test Championship table. During this period England defeated the West Indies home and away, New Zealand, and Bangladesh at home, and South Africa in South Africa. In June 2005, England played its first ever T20 international match, defeating Australia by 100 runs. Later that year, England defeated Australia 2–1 in a thrilling series to regain the Ashes for the first time in 16 years, having lost them in 1989. Following the 2005 Ashes win, the team suffered from a spate of serious injuries to key players such as Vaughan, Giles, Andrew Flintoff and Simon Jones. As a result, the team underwent an enforced period of transition. A 2–0 defeat in Pakistan was followed by two drawn away series with India and Sri Lanka.

In the home Test series victory against Pakistan in July and August 2006, several promising new players emerged. Most notable were the left-arm orthodox spin bowler Monty Panesar, the first Sikh to play Test cricket for England, and left-handed opening batsman Alastair Cook. The 2006–07 Ashes series was keenly anticipated and was expected to provide a level of competition comparable to the 2005 series. In the event, England, captained by Flintoff who was deputising for the injured Vaughan, lost all five Tests to concede the first Ashes whitewash in 86 years.

In the 2007 Cricket World Cup, England lost to most of the Test playing nations they faced, beating only the West Indies and Bangladesh, although they also avoided defeat by any of the non-Test playing nations. Even so, the unimpressive nature of most of their victories in the tournament, combined with heavy defeats by New Zealand, Australia and South Africa, left many commentators criticising the manner in which the England team approached the one-day game. Coach Duncan Fletcher resigned after eight years in the job as a result and was succeeded by former Sussex coach Peter Moores.

In 2007–08, England toured Sri Lanka and New Zealand, losing the first series 1–0 and winning the second 2–1. These series were followed up at home in May 2008 with a 2–0 home series win against New Zealand, with the results easing pressure on Moores – who was not at ease with his team, particularly star batsman Kevin Pietersen. Pietersen succeeded Vaughan as captain in June 2008, after England had been well beaten by South Africa at home. The poor relationship between the two came to a head on the 2008–09 tour to India. England lost the series 1–0 and both men resigned their positions, although Pietersen remained a member of the England team. Moores was replaced as coach by Zimbabwean Andy Flower. Against this background, England toured the West Indies under the captaincy of Andrew Strauss and, in a disappointing performance, lost the Test series 1–0.The 2009 Ashes series featured the first Test match played in Wales, at Sophia Gardens, Cardiff. England drew the match thanks to a last-wicket stand by bowlers James Anderson and Panesar. A victory for each team followed before the series was decided at The Oval. Thanks to fine bowling by Stuart Broad and Graeme Swann and a debut century by Jonathan Trott, England regained the Ashes.

2010s

After a drawn Test series in South Africa, England won their first ever ICC event, the 2010 World Twenty20, with a seven-wicket win over Australia in Barbados. The following winter in the 2010–11 Ashes, they beat Australia 3–1 to retain the urn and record their first series win in Australia for 24 years. Furthermore, all three of their wins were by an innings – the first time a touring side had ever recorded three innings victories in a single Test series, Alastair Cook earning Man of the Series with 766 runs.England struggled to match their Test form in the 2011 Cricket World Cup. Despite beating South Africa and tying with eventual winners India, England suffered shock losses to Ireland and Bangladesh before losing in the quarter-finals to Sri Lanka.[17] However the team's excellent form in the Test match arena continued and on 13 August 2011, they became the world's top-ranked Test team after comfortably whitewashing India 4–0, their sixth consecutive series victory and eighth in the past nine series. However, this status only lasted a year – having lost 3–0 to Pakistan over the winter, England were beaten 2–0 by South Africa, who replaced them at the top of the rankings. It was their first home series loss since 2008, against the same opposition. This loss saw the resignation of Strauss as captain and his retirement from cricket.

Cook, who was already in charge of the ODI side, replaced Strauss and led England to a 2–1 victory in India – their first in the country since 1984–85. In doing so, he became the first captain to score centuries in his first five Tests as captain and became England's leading century-maker with 23 centuries to his name. After finishing as runners-up in the ICC Champions Trophy, England faced Australia in back-to-back Ashes series. A 3–0 home win secured England the urn for the fourth time in five series. However, in the return series, they found themselves utterly demolished in a 5–0 defeat, their second Ashes whitewash in under a decade. Their misery was compounded by batsman Jonathan Trott leaving the tour early due to a stress-related illness and the mid-series retirement of spinner Graeme Swann. Following the tour, head coach Flower resigned his post while Pietersen was dropped indefinitely from the England team.[18] Flower was replaced by his predecessor, Moores, but he was sacked for a second time after a string of disappointing results including failing to advance from the group stage at the 2015 World Cup.[19]

Moores was replaced by Australian Trevor Bayliss[20] who oversaw an upturn of form in the ODI side, including series victories against New Zealand and Pakistan. In the Test arena, England reclaimed the Ashes 3–2 in the summer of 2015 before regaining the Basil D'Oliveira Trophy in the 2015–16 winter. However, the upturn in fortune of the ODI and T20I sides coincided with steadily declining form of the Test side, especially with the bat, despite the emergence of key players Joe Root and Ben Stokes. After recording their first ever loss to Bangladesh in a Test, a 4–0 loss to India on the same tour resulted in the resignation of Cook as captain in early 2017, being replaced by Root, who was unable to reverse the decline in the fortunes of the team: in his first year as captain, the team suffered another away Ashes drubbing followed by a loss to New Zealand, embarrassingly dismissed for just 58 in the first test, although the team did recover to beat India 4–1 in 2018.[21]

England entered the 2019 Cricket World Cup as favourites, having been ranked the number one ODI side by the ICC for over a year prior to the tournament.[22] However, shock defeats to Pakistan and Sri Lanka during the group stage left them on the brink of elimination and needing to win their final two games against India and New Zealand to guarantee progression to the semi-finals.[23] This was achieved, putting their campaign back on track, and an eight-wicket victory over Australia in the semi-final at Edgbaston meant England were in their first World Cup final since 1992.[24] The final against New Zealand at Lord's has been described as one of the greatest and most dramatic matches in the history of cricket, with some calling it the "greatest ODI in history",[25] as both the match and subsequent Super Over were tied, after England went into the final over of their innings 14 runs behind New Zealand's total. England won by virtue of having scored more boundaries throughout the match, securing their maiden World Cup title in their fourth final appearance.[26] [27]

That summer's Ashes was the last series with Bayliss as coach and the series was full of moments including the emergence of Rory Burns and Jofra Archer, but it was Stokes's virtuosic effort in the third Test at Headingley which entered cricketing folklore: with only one wicket remaining and 76 more runs still to win, Stokes hit an unbeaten 135 to keep the series alive.[28] England eventually drew the series 2–2.

2020s

Under new coach Chris Silverwood, England began the new decade well when they beat South Africa 3–1 away from home in early 2020, the first time that the England cricket team had won three Tests on a tour to South Africa since 1913–14.[29] The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was immediately felt when England were withdrawn from their tour of Sri Lanka whilst being on the field,[30] England were able to fulfil all of their fixture obligations during this time, but the summer of 2021 would be marred by COVID interruptions: England were forced to select a second-choice XI for the ODI series against Pakistan due to a COVID-19 outbreak,[31] and the deciding test of the 2021 Pataudi Trophy was postponed for 12 months due to a COVID-19 outbreak in the Indian camp.[32]

After being beaten in the semi finals of the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, the 2021–22 Ashes series could not have started worse for England when Rory Burns was bowled by Mitchell Starc on the first ball of the series. Four heavy defeats led to Silverwood's resignation as coach and Ashley Giles's resignation as director of cricket. England then toured the West Indies and dropped several senior players, including Burns and Dawid Malan but also their leading fast bowlers, James Anderson and Stuart Broad.[33] That decision backfired when England could not bowl out the West Indies in the first two tests and following a loss in the deciding test, Root resigned as captain after winning just one test in his last 17.[34] 2022 saw a period of transition in both Test and white-ball sides; under a new management structure of Rob Key as director of cricket, England hired Ben Stokes as captain and Brendon McCullum as coach of the Test side and their attacking play became known as Bazball, winning 11 of their first 13 tests, beating New Zealand, India, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ireland. The white-ball side hired Matthew Mott as coach and set the highest total in List A cricket when they scored 498–4 against The Netherlands in June.[35] [36] Jos Buttler succeeded Eoin Morgan as white-ball captain and won the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, becoming the first team to hold both the 50-over and 20-over trophies concurrently.[37] The following year saw England draw the 2023 Ashes series and crash out of the 2023 Cricket World Cup in the group stage.

Recent results

Home Away
Twenty20 InternationalTwenty20 International
Last match won5th Test v Australia 20232nd ODI v Ireland 20232nd T20I v New Zealand 20231st Test v New Zealand 20232nd ODI v West Indies 20234th T20I v West Indies 2023
Last match lost2nd Test v Australia 20231st ODI v New Zealand 20234th T20I v New Zealand 20232nd Test v New Zealand 20233rd ODI v West Indies 20235th T20I v West Indies 2023
Last series wonSouth Africa 2022Ireland 2023Pakistan 2021Pakistan 2022–23Bangladesh 20232022 World Cup
Last series lostNew Zealand 2021India 2022South Africa 2022West Indies 2021–22West Indies 2023–24West Indies 2023–24
Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.Source: ESPNcricinfo.com. Last updated: 28 December 2023.

Forthcoming fixtures

As set out by the ICC's Future Tours Programme, below is England's international fixture list until the Summer of 2025.[38] [39]

Summer 2024

Winter 2024–25[40]

Summer 2025[41] [42]

Governing body

See main article: England and Wales Cricket Board. The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) is the governing body of English cricket and the England cricket team. The Board has been operating since 1 January 1997 and represents England on the International Cricket Council. The ECB is also responsible for the generation of income from the sale of tickets, sponsorship and broadcasting rights, primarily in relation to the England team. The ECB's income in the 2006 calendar year was £77 million.[43]

Prior to 1997, the Test and County Cricket Board (TCCB) was the governing body for the English team. Apart from in Test matches, when touring abroad, the England team officially played as MCC up to and including the 1976–77 tour of Australia, reflecting the time when MCC had been responsible for selecting the touring party. The last time the England touring team wore the bacon-and-egg colours of the MCC was on the 1996–97 tour of New Zealand.

Status of Wales

See also: Cricket in Wales. Historically, the England team represented the whole of Great Britain in international cricket, with Scottish or Welsh national teams playing sporadically and players from both countries occasionally representing England. Scotland became an independent member of the ICC in 1994, having severed links with the TCCB two years earlier.[44] [45] [46]

Criticism has been made of the England and Wales Cricket Board using only the England name while utilising Welsh players[47] such as Simon and Geraint Jones. With Welsh players pursuing international careers exclusively with an England team, there have been a number of calls for Wales to become an independent member of the ICC, or for the ECB to provide more fixtures for a Welsh national team.[48] However, both Cricket Wales and Glamorgan County Cricket Club have continually supported the ECB, with Glamorgan arguing for the financial benefits of the Welsh county within the English structure, and Cricket Wales stating they are "committed to continuing to play a major role within the ECB"[49] [50] [51]

The absence of a Welsh cricket team has seen a number of debates within the Welsh Senedd. In 2013 a debate saw both Conservative and Labour members lend their support to the establishment of an independent Welsh team.[52]

In 2015, a report produced by the Welsh National Assembly's petitions committee, reflected the passionate debate around the issue. Bethan Jenkins, Plaid Cymru's spokesperson on heritage, culture, sport and broadcasting, and a member of the petitions committee, argued that Wales should have its own international team and withdraw from the ECB. Jenkins noted that Ireland (with a population of 6.4 million) was an ICC member with 6,000 club players whereas Wales (with 3 million) had 7,500. Jenkins said: "Cricket Wales and Glamorgan CCC say the idea of a Welsh national cricket team is 'an emotive subject', of course having a national team is emotive, you only have to look at the stands during any national game to see that. To suggest this as anything other than natural is a bit of a misleading argument."[53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58]

In 2017, the First Minister of Wales, Carwyn Jones called for the reintroduction of the Welsh one-day team stating: "[It] is odd that we see Ireland and Scotland playing in international tournaments and not Wales."[59] [60]

International grounds

See main article: List of international men's cricket grounds in England and Wales.

Listed chronologically in order of first match and include neutral fixtures such as World Cup and Champions Trophy games

Venue City County team Capacity Years used Test ODI T20I
Current venues
London 26,000 1880– 102 74 16
Manchester 26,000 1884– 82 55 10
London 28,000 1884– 140 67 10
Nottingham 17,500 1899– 63 49 12
Leeds 17,500 1899– 78 45 1
Birmingham 25,000 1902– 53 64 5
Chester-le-Street 19,000 1999– 6 20 3
Cardiff 15,500 1999– 3 29 8
Southampton 25,000 2003– 7 31 9
Taunton 12,500 1983– 6 1
Bristol 17,500 1983– 19 3
Former venues
Sheffield 32,000 1902 1
Swansea 4,500 1973–1983 2
Scarborough 11,500 1976–1978 2
Leicester 12,000 1983–1999 3
Worcester 5,500 1983–1999 3
Southampton 7,000 1983–1999 3
Derby 9,500 1983–1999 2
Tunbridge Wells 6,000 1983 1
Chelmsford 6,500 1983–1999 3
Canterbury 15,000 1999–2005 4
Northampton 6,500 19992
As of 18 July 2021[61]

Current squad

This lists all the active players who are contracted to or have played for England in the past year (since 8 June 2023) and the forms in which they have played, and any players (in italics) outside this criterion who have been selected in the team's most recent Test, ODI or T20I squad.

The ECB offers a number of contracts in October each year to England players which covers both red-ball and white-ball players, considers the likelihood of players featuring in England teams across formats over the next period while recognising performances in the preceding year.[62] Multi-year contracts have been awarded for the first time since central contracts were established in 2000.

Moeen Ali, James Anderson, Stuart Broad and David Willey have made international appearances during this period however have announced their retirements from Test cricket, cricket and International cricket respectively.

Key

NameAgeBatting styleBowling styleDomestic teamConFormsNoCaptaincyLast TestLast ODILast T20I
Batters
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 88 2024 2023 2024
Right-handed C Test, ODI 6 2024 2023
Left-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 17 2024 2023 2023
Right-handed ODI 48 2023
Dan Lawrence Right-handed C Test 68 2022
Left-handed C ODI 29 2022 2023 2023
Right-handed C Test 80 Test (VC) 2024
Right-handed C Test, ODI 66 2024 2023 2019
All-rounders
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 53 2024 2023 2023
Left-handed C ODI, T20I 18 T20I (VC) 2023 2023 2024
Right-handed C ODI 92 2023 2023
Left-handed C ODI, T20I 58 2021 2023 2024
Right-handed ODI, T20I 85 2022 2023 2024
Right-handed C ODI, T20I 23 2022 2023 2024
Left-handed C Test, ODI 55 Test (C) 2024 2023 2022
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 19 2024 2023 2023
Wicket-keepers
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 51 2024 2023 2024
Right-handed C ODI, T20I 63 ODI, T20I (C) 2022 2023 2024
Jordan Cox Right-handed Test
Right-handed C Test 50 2024 2019 2019
Right-handed ODI, T20I 61 2023 2024
Right-handed Test, ODI 39 2024 2023
Pace bowlers
Right-handed Right-arm fastC T20I 22 2021 2023 2024
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 37 2024 2023 2023
Right-handed D 40 2022
Right-handed T20I 34 2015 2022 2024
Right-handed D 25 2022 2023 2022
Right-handed T20I 72 2023
Right-handed C ODI 35 2023 2023
Right-handed C Test 57 2024
Right-handed ODI 52 2023
Olly Stone Right-handed Test 26 2021 2023 2022
Right-handed C 56 2023
Right-handed C ODI, T20I 38 2023 2024
Right-handed D 41
Left-handed ODI 77 2023 2023
Right-handed C Test, ODI, T20I 33 2024 2023 2024
Spin bowlers
Right-handed Test 67 2024
Left-handed Slow left-arm orthodoxTest, ODI, T20I 79 2024 2023
Left-handed Slow left-arm orthodoxC Test 77 2024
Right-handed C ODI, T20I 95 2019 2023 2024

Coaching staff

PositionName
Head coach - TestBrendon McCullum[63]
Interim head coach - Limited Over Format (ODIs and T20Is) Marcus Trescothick[64]
Assistant coachPaul Collingwood[65]
Assistant coachAndrew Flintoff
ConsultantJames Anderson
Batting coachMarcus Trescothick
Spin bowling coachJeetan Patel
Pace bowling coachNeil Killeen[66]

Team colours

When playing Test cricket, England's cricket whites feature the three lions badge on the left of the shirt and the name of the sponsor Cinch on the centre. English fielders may wear a navy blue cap or white sun hat with the ECB logo in the middle. Helmets are also coloured navy blue. Before 1997 the uniform sported the TCCB lion and stumps logo on the uniforms, while the helmets, jumpers and hats had the three lions emblem.[67] Before 1996, the caps used in test touring squads featured a crest deptcting St. George and a dragon.[68] In April 2017, the ECB brought back the traditional cable-knit sweater for test matches.[69]

In One day internationals the kit is a blue shirt with navy trousers, whilst the Twenty20 kit is a flame-red shirt and navy trousers. In ICC limited-overs tournaments 'ENGLAND' is printed across the front. Over the years, England's ODI kit has cycled between various shades of blue (such as a pale blue used until the mid-1990s, when it was replaced in favour of a bright blue)[70] [71] with the occasional all-red kit.[72]

PeriodKit manufacturerShirt sponsor
1994–1996Tetley Bitter
1996–1998ASICS
1998–2000Vodafone
2000–2008Admiral
2008–2010Adidas
2010–2014Brit Insurance
2014–2017Waitrose
2017–2021New BalanceNatWest
2021–2022Cinch
2022–presentCastore

In limited overs cricket, England's ODI and Twenty20 shirts feature the Cinch logo across the centre: in ICC limited-overs tournaments a modified kit design is used with the sponsor's logo is on the sleeve. The three lions badge on the left of the shirt and the Castore logo on the right. Cinch, an online used car marketplace, replaced NatWest as England's principal partner, in February 2021.[73] Castore replaced New Balance as kit manufacturer in April 2022.[74]

Fan following

See main article: Barmy Army. The Barmy Army is a travel agency that provides tickets and arranges touring parties for some of its members to follow the English cricket team in the UK and overseas. The Barmy Army was at first an informal group but was later turned into a company limited by guarantee, registered in England and Wales.

The name is also applied to followers of the team who join in with match day activities in the crowd, but do not necessarily travel as part of an organised tour. Collins dictionary defines the word barmy as "slightly crazy or very foolish". Known for their famous song that goes “barmy army shout it out come on england”

The group, then less organised, was given its name by the Australian media during the 1994–95 Test series in Australia, reportedly for the fans' hopeless audacity in travelling all the way to Australia in the near-certain knowledge that their team would lose, and the fact that they kept on chanting encouragement to the England team even when England were losing quite badly.[75] [76] It was co-founded by Paul Burnham.[77]

Tournament history

style="background:gold" width="20"
Champions
Runners-up
Third place
Fourth place

ICC World Test Championship

ICC World Test Championship record
YearLeague stageFinal hostFinalFinal position
Matches
2019–21[78] 4/9 21 11 7 3 0 0 720 442 61.4 Rose Bowl, England DNQ League Stage
2021–23[79] 4/9 22 10 8 4 0 12 264 124 47The Oval, England DNQ League Stage

ICC Cricket World Cup

See main article: England at the Cricket World Cup.

World Cup record
width=200 Yearwidth=150 Roundwidth=50 Positionwidth=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 Win %
1975Semi-final3/84310075.00
1979Runners-up2/85410080.00
1983Semi-final3/87520071.43
1987Runners-up2/88530062.50
19922/910630166.67
1996Quarter-final8/126240033.33
1999Group Stage5320060.00
2003Group Stage9/146330050.00
2007Super 85/169540055.55
2011Quarter-final7/147331050.00
2015Group Stage10/146240033.33
2019Champions1/1011830068.18
2023Group Stage7/109360033.33
TBD
2031
Total1 title13/139352391156.45

ICC T20 World Cup

See main article: England at the T20 World Cup.

T20 World Cup record
width=200 Yearwidth=150 Roundwidth=50 Positionwidth=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 Win %
2007Super 87/125140020.00
20096/125230040.00
2010Champions1/127510183.33
2012Super 86/125230040.00
2014Super 107/164130025.00
2016Runners-up2/166420066.67
2021Semi-final4/166420066.67
2022Champions1/16 7510183.33
2024Semi-final4/208430157.14
Qualifed
TBD
2030Qualified as co-hosts
Total2 titles9/95630230353.57

ICC Champions Trophy

Champions Trophy record
width=200 Yearwidth=150 Roundwidth=50 Positionwidth=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 Win %
1998Quarter-final5/9101000.00
20007/11101000.00
2002Pool stage6/122110050.00
2004Runners-up2/124310075.00
2006Pool stage7/103120033.33
2009Semi-final4/84220050.00
2013Runners-up2/85320060.00
2017Semi-final3/84310075.00
Qualified
Total0 titles8/82413110054.17

Other tournaments

Summer Olympics

Summer Olympics record
width=200 Yearwidth=150 Roundwidth=50 Positionwidth=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 width=50 Win %
1900Champions1/211000100.00
Total1 title1/111000100.00

*The Summer Olympics Gold medal was won as Great Britain.

Honours

ICC

Records

See main article: England cricket team record by opponent.

Test matches

See main article: List of England Test cricket records.

Test team records

Test individual records

Test batting records

Test bowling records

Test fielding records

Test record versus other nations

Opponent M W L T D % Win First win
361 112 152 0 97 31.02 4 April 1877
156 66 35 0 55 42.31 13 March 1889
164 52 59 0 53 31.70 26 June 1928
112 52 13 0 46 46.43 13 January 1930
136 51 35 0 50 37.50 28 June 1932
89 29 21 0 39 32.58 5 July 1954
36 17 8 0 11 47.22 21 February 1982
6 3 0 0 3 50.00 21 May 2000
2 2 0 0 0 100.00 26 July 2019
10 9 1 0 0 90.00 25 October 2003
Yet to play
Records complete to Test #2538. Last updated: 13 July 2024.[84]

One Day Internationals

See main article: List of England One Day International cricket records.

ODI team records

ODI individual records

ODI batting records

ODI bowling records

ODI fielding records

ODI record versus other nations

Opponent M W L T NR % Win First win
v. Test nations
3 2 1 0 0 66.67 13 March 2015
156 63 88 2 3 40.38 24 August 1972
25 20 5 0 0 80.00 5 October 2000
107 44 58 2 3 41.12 13 July 1974
15 11 2 0 2 73.33 13 June 2006
96 44 45 3 4 45.83 18 July 1973
92 57 32 0 3 61.96 23 December 1977
70 30 34 1 5 42.86 12 March 1992
79 38 37 1 3 48.10 13 February 1982
105 53 46 0 6 50.48 5 September 1973
30 21 8 0 1 72.41 7 January 1995
v. Associate Members
2 2 0 0 0 100.00 13 June 1979
1 1 0 0 0 100.00 14 June 1975
2 2 0 0 0 100.00 18 May 1999
1 1 0 0 0 100.00 19 February 2003
7 7 0 0 0 100.00 22 February 1996
5 3 1 0 1 75.00 19 June 2010
1 1 0 0 0 100.00 18 February 1996
Last updated 21 December 2023. Win percentages exclude no-results and count ties as half a win.[86]

T20 Internationals

See main article: List of England Twenty20 International cricket records. Figures include games up to 13 November 2022.

T20I team records

T20I individual records

T20I batting records

T20I bowling records

T20I fielding records

T20I record versus other nations

Opponent Span M W L T+W T+L NR % Win First win
v. Test nations
2012-20223 3 0 0 0 0 100.00 21 September 2012
2005-202424 11 11 0 0 2 45.83 13 June 2005
2021-20234 1 3 0 0 0 25.00 27 October 2021
2007-202424 11 13 0 0 0 45.83 14 June 2009
2010-20222 0 1 0 0 1 0.00
2007-202327 15 10 1 0 1 57.41 5 February 2008
2006-202431 20 9 1 0 1 64.51 7 June 2009
2007-202426 12 13 0 0 1 46.15 13 November 2009
2006-202214 10 4 0 0 0 71.43 13 May 2010
2007-202430 13 17 0 0 0 43.33 29 June 2007
2007-20071 1 0 0 0 0 100.00 13 September 2007
v. Associate Members
2024-20241 1 0 0 0 0 100.00 15 June 2024
2009-20142 0 2 0 0 0 0.00
2024-20241 1 0 0 0 0 100.00 13 June 2024
2024-20241 0 0 0 0 1 0.00
2024-20241 1 0 0 0 0 100.00 23 June 2024
Records complete to T20I #2724, 27 June 2024. T+W and T+L indicate matches tied and then won or lost in a tiebreaker (such as a Super Over). Win percentages exclude no-results and count ties (irrespective of tiebreakers) as half a win.[87]

Most England appearances

See main article: List of England Test cricketers, List of England ODI cricketers and List of England Twenty20 International cricketers.

These lists show the five players (or those tied for fifth) with the most appearances for England in each form of the game. The lists are correct up to match starting on 19 December 2023.

Most Test caps[88]
183 James Anderson
167
161 Alastair Cook
135 Joe Root
133 Alec Stewart
Most ODI caps[89]
225 Eoin Morgan
197 Paul Collingwood
194 James Anderson
181 Jos Buttler
171 Joe Root
Most T20I caps[90]
115 Eoin Morgan
113 Jos Buttler
103 Adil Rashid
88 Chris Jordan
81 Moeen Ali

England Men's Cricketer of the Year

At the start of each season the ECB presents the England Men's Cricketer of the Year award to "recognise outstanding performances in all formats of international cricket over the past year",[91] voted on by members of the cricket media.[92]

The previous winners of this award are:

Eligibility of players

The England cricket team represents England and Wales. However, under ICC regulations,[100] players can qualify to play for a country by nationality, place of birth or residence, so (as with any national sports team) some people are eligible to play for more than one team. ECB regulations[101] state that to play for England, a player must be a British citizen, and have either been born in England or Wales, or have lived in England or Wales for three years. This has led to players who also held other nationalities becoming eligible to play for England. The qualification period for those born outside England and Wales has varied in the past, but in November 2018 the ECB announced that the period would be reduced to three years in all circumstances, in line with ICC regulations.[102]

Of the current squad (see above), Jason Roy was born to British parents in South Africa so had to fulfil residency requirements. In addition, Chris Jordan and Ben Stokes have British citizenship, having lived in England since their youth. Jofra Archer, though born in Barbados to a Barbadian mother, qualifies through his English father. Brydon Carse were both born in South Africa and had to serve qualification periods after arriving in England having already played top-level cricket in the country of their birth.

ICC regulations also allow cricketers who represent associate (i.e. non-Test-playing) nations to switch to a Test-playing nation, provided nationality requirements are fulfilled. In recent years, this has seen Irish internationals Ed Joyce, Boyd Rankin and Eoin Morgan switch to represent England (before Ireland were promoted to full member status in 2018), whilst Gavin Hamilton previously played for Scotland – though Joyce, Rankin and Hamilton were later able to re-qualify for and represent the countries of their birth.

See also

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

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  3. Web site: Records Test matches Team records Results summary ESPNcricinfo.com. 2021-12-20. Cricinfo.
  4. Web site: Records / One-Day Internationals / Result summary . . 17 July 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130224020144/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283878.html . 24 February 2013 . live .
  5. Web site: Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Result summary . . 16 February 2020 .
  6. Waghorn, pp.22–23.
  7. Web site: 19 September 2006 . England v Australia 1864 – 1888 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090106154837/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ausveng/content/story/259952.html . 6 January 2009 . 5 February 2008 . ESPNcricinfo.
  8. Web site: Australia in England 1880. Wisden. 5 February 2008. https://archive.today/20120708035234/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154315.html. 8 July 2012. live.
  9. Web site: England in Australia, 1882–83. Wisden. 5 February 2008. https://archive.today/20130119192012/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154318.html. 19 January 2013. live.
  10. Web site: Australia v England. Wisden. 5 February 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20090107004403/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62408.html. 7 January 2009. live.
  11. Web site: Test matches. ESPNcricinfo. 5 February 2008.
  12. Web site: South Africa v England. Wisden. 5 February 2008. https://archive.today/20120710090015/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/engine/match/62426.html. 10 July 2012. live.
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  14. Web site: Test matches. ESPNcricinfo. 5 February 2008.
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  20. Web site: Bayliss named England's new Head Coach . England and Wales Cricket Board . 26 May 2015 . 4 January 2016 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160129101453/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/articles/ecb-names-trevor-bayliss-englands-new-head-coach . 29 January 2016 .
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  22. News: Why England are favourites for the Cricket World Cup – and who might stop them. 28 May 2019. 16 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190619203809/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48125031. 19 June 2019. live.
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  25. News: 2019 Cricket World Cup final: England beat Black Caps in greatest ODI in history. Anderson. Niall. The New Zealand Herald. 14 July 2019. 16 July 2019. 1170-0777. https://web.archive.org/web/20190715173614/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=12249489. 15 July 2019. live.
  26. News: England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic victory over New Zealand. 14 July 2019. 16 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190715181544/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/48983890. 15 July 2019. live.
  27. Web site: Epic final tied, Super Over tied, England win World Cup on boundary count. ESPNcricinfo. 14 July 2019 . 16 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190715190820/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8039/report/1144530/england-vs-new-zealand-final-icc-cricket-world-cup-2019. 15 July 2019. live.
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  30. Web site: England tour of Sri Lanka cancelled amid COVID-19 spread . ESPN Cricinfo . 13 March 2020 . 13 March 2020.
  31. Web site: Ben Stokes to captain England against Pakistan after seven members in bio-bubble test positive for COVID-19 . International Cricket Council . 6 July 2021.
  32. Web site: England-India fifth Test at Old Trafford cancelled over Covid-19 fears in tourists' camp . The Cricketer . 10 September 2021.
  33. News: James Anderson & Stuart Broad left out of England squad for West Indies tour . BBC Sport . 8 February 2022.
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