Endemic birds of Colombia explained

The following is a list of the 83 known endemic bird species in Colombia (about 4% of Colombian species) with notes about their general distribution.[1] [2] Twenty-three (28%) of the species are found only in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia with a very high degree of endemism.

Endemic bird list

Scientific name Common name Status [3] Distribution [4]
Cracidae
Ortalis garrula Caribbean Region between Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Sinú River
Ortalis columbiana Slopes of the Inter-Andean Valleys
Penelope perspicax Endangered Slopes of West & Central Andes (Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Quindío, Cauca)
Crax alberti Critically endangered Spottily in forested mountains of northern Colombia
Odontophoridae
Odontophorus hyperythrus Near threatened Slope of West and Central Andes
Odontophorus strophium Endangered West slope of East Andes
Columbidae
Leptotila conoveri Endangered East slope of Central Andes (Tolima, Huila)
Trochilidae
Ramphomicron dorsale Endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Oxypogon stuebelii Vulnerable Central Andes páramo
Oxypogon cyanolaemus Critically endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Oxypogon guerinii East Andes páramo
Eriocnemis isabellae Critically endangered Serranía del Pinche, Cauca
Eriocnemis mirabilis Critically endangered West Andes in Cauca
Coeligena prunellei Vulnerable West slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Santander)
Coeligena phalerata Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Coeligena orina Critically endangered Spottily in the northern West Andes
Chaetocercus astreans Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Chlorostilbon olivaresi Serranía de Chiribiquete, Amazon Region
Anthocephala floriceps Vulnerable Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Anthocephala berlepschi Central Andes (Quindío, Tolima, Huila)
Campylopterus phainopeplus Endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Amazilia castaneiventris Endangered Drier areas of the Magdalena River drainage (Boyacá, Santander)
Amazilia cyanifrons Central Colombia (Upper Magdalena Valley into East Andes)
Lepidopyga lilliae Critically endangered Caribbean coast (Atlántico, Magdalena, La Guajira)
Rallidae
Rallus semiplumbeus Endangered High wetlands in East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá)
Strigidae
Megascops gilesi Vulnerable Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Bucconidae
Bucco noanamae Near threatened Northwest Colombia (Chocó, Antioquia)
Capitonidae
Capito hypoleucus Vulnerable North Central Andes & west slope of East Andes
Picidae
Picumnus granadensis Cauca Valley slopes and lowlands
Melanerpes pulcher North Central Andes & west slope of East Andes; Magdalena Valley
Psittacidae
Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons Vulnerable Central Andes (Los Nevados National Park)
Hapalopsittaca fuertesi Critically endangered Central Andes (Risaralda, Tolima, Quindío)
Pyrrhura viridicata Endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Pyrrhura calliptera Vulnerable Spottily in northern East Andes
Ognorhynchus icterotis Endangered Few locations in the Colombian Andes
Thamnophilidae
Drymophila caudata Near threatened West slope of East Andes; Upper Magdalena Valley (Caquetá, Huila)
Drymophila hellmayri Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Cercomacra parkeri Central Andes; small area of central West Andes
Grallariidae
Grallaria bangsi Vulnerable Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Grallaria kaestneri Endangered East slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca)
Grallaria urraoensis Critically endangered Páramo de Frontino, West Andes (Antioquia)
Grallaria milleri Vulnerable Central Andes (Caldas, Tolima, Risaralda, Quindío)
Rhinocryptidae
Scytalopus sanctaemartae Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Scytalopus rodriguezi Endangered East slope of Central Andes, Upper Magdalena Valley
Scytalopus stilesi Northern Central Andes (Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda)
Scytalopus alvarezlopezi Near threatened West slope of West Andes (Antioquia to Valle del Cauca)
Scytalopus latebricola Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Scytalopus canus Endangered Northern West Andes (Antioquia)
Furnariidae
Clibanornis rufipectus Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Cranioleuca hellmayri Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Synallaxis subpudica East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá)
Synallaxis fuscorufa Vulnerable Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Tyrannidae
Phylloscartes lanyoni Endangered Central Andes (Antioquia, Caldas); west slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá)
Myiotheretes pernix Endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Myiarchus apicalis Inter-Andean Valleys and adjacent slopes
Cotingidae
Lipaugus weberi Endangered Northern Central Andes
Vireonidae
Vireo caribaeus Vulnerable San Andres Island
Troglodytidae
Troglodytes monticola Critically endangered Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Cistothorus apolinari Endangered East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá)
Thryophilus sernai Endangered Dry forest along Cauca River (Antioquia)
Thryophilus nicefori Critically endangered West slope of East Andes (Santander, Boyacá)
Henicorhina anachoreta Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Henicorhina negreti Critically endangered Spottily in the West Andes
Fringillidae
Euphonia concinna Magdalena Valley
Passerellidae
Arremon basilicus Near threatened Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Atlapetes melanocephalus Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Atlapetes flaviceps Endangered East slope of Central Andes (Huila, Tolima)
Atlapetes fuscoolivaceus Near threatened Upper Magdalena Valley (Huila, Cauca)
Atlapetes blancae Critically endangered Northern Central Andes (Antioquia)
Icteridae
Psarocolius cassini Endangered Coastal mountains of the Pacific Region, Choc[o |- | ''Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster'' || [[Red-bellied grackle]] || Vulnerable || Spottily in Andes|-| Macroagelaius subalaris || Colombian mountain grackle || Endangered || West slope of East Andes

|-|colspan="100%" bgcolor="#d3d3a4"|Parulidae|-| Basileuterus basilicus || Santa Marta warbler ||

Vulnerable || Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta|-| Basileuterus conspicillatus || White-lored warbler || Near threatened || Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta|-| Myioborus flavivertex || Yellow-crowned redstart || || Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta

|-|colspan="100%" bgcolor="#d3d3a4"|Cardinalidae|-| Habia gutturalis || Sooty ant-tanager ||

Near threatened || Foothills of northern Andes including Magdalena Valley|-| Habia cristata || Crested ant-tanager || || West slope of West Andes

|-|colspan="100%" bgcolor="#d3d3a4"|Thraupidae|-| Bangsia melanochlamys || Black-and-gold tanager ||

Vulnerable || Central Andes (Antioquia); West Andes (Chocó, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca)|-| Bangsia aureocincta || Gold-ringed tanager || Endangered || West Andes (Chocó, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca, Antioquia)|-| Anisognathus melanogenys || Black-cheeked mountain-tanager || || Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta|-| Chlorochrysa nitidissima || Multicolored tanager || Vulnerable || West Andes; Central Andes (Risaralda, Antioquia)|-| Dacnis hartlaubi || Turquoise dacnis || Vulnerable || Spottily in Andes (Valle del Cauca, Huila, Quindío, Antioquia, Risaralda, Cundinamarca, Boyacá)|-| Diglossa gloriosissima || Chestnut-bellied flowerpiercer || Endangered || Spottily in West Andes (Antioquia to Cauca)

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See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: SACC-AOU: A Classification of the Bird Species of South America.
  2. Web site: Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology - Neotropical Birds Online.
  3. Web site: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  4. Web site: Clements Checklist 2018.