Elke Scheer (born 1965) is a German experimental condensed matter physicist whose research focuses on the transport of electrical charge at the single-molecule scale and related effects, including molecular electronics and mesoscale superconductivity. She is a professor of physics at the University of Konstanz, where she heads the Mesoscopic Systems Group.
Scheer earned a diploma in physics (the German equivalent of a master's degree) in 1990, at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, through research supervised by Hilbert von Löhneysen. Continuing to work with von Löhneysen at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, she completed a doctorate (Dr. rer. nat.) in 1995.
After postdoctoral research at CEA Paris-Saclay, she returned to the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology as an assistant professor in 1997. She took her present position as a professor at the University of Konstanz in 2000.
Scheer received the 1999 Gustav Hertz Prize of the German Physical Society, and the 2000 Alfried Krupp Prize for Young Professors. She is a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, elected in 2009.